两种基于Unity3D的第三人称视角移动的实现方法与比较

在游戏开发中,游戏开发者越来越多地使用Unity3D游戏引擎进行游戏开发,在游戏开发中第三人称视角游戏是比较常见的游戏类型,而实现游戏角色的移动是第三人称视角游戏开发的中最基本要实现的功能,本文通过阐述两种第三人称视角的移动实现方法进行比较,为游戏开发者在开发第三人称游戏中的游戏角色移动功能开发的选择上提供选择依据.     

《猪小弟》游戏中数据操作及其功能实现

主要完成《猪小弟》游戏实现的剩余部分。首先为游戏添加一些基本数据．然后分别实现游戏状态处理以及游戏按键、游戏动画、数据刷新、碰撞检测和游戏开始与暂停的控制,完成整个游戏制作。     

基于UE4的塔防射击游戏设计

本系统主要使用UE4(Unreal Engine 4)游戏引擎的各项游戏开发技术来实现。游戏主要通过3D MAX建模与动画技术来实现角色的动画,通过UE4蓝图编程来实现游戏的逻辑,与模型的物理碰撞、碰撞事件触发等构建一个完整的游戏体系。游戏模式融合了塔防游戏以及射击游戏元素,玩家可以使用枪械来抵御野兽的攻击保卫自己的基地。     

基于斜视角可变的游戏引擎设计

游戏引擎是游戏的心脏,图形引擎模块是游戏引擎中最复杂,也是最能体现游戏效果的模块,对图形引擎模块的研究设计有利于提高二维游戏的画面质量。基于对二维游戏引擎中的图形处理模块研究,剖析了二维引擎实现引擎的算法,设计出了图形引擎函数库,用该函数库实现了一个地图编辑器。地图编辑器的实现使游戏引擎和具体游戏内容分离,提高了游戏软件的可重用性。     

Flash实现百变方块游戏

本文采用Flash AS3实现百变方块游戏,阐述游戏中地图设计,拼块拖动实现、游戏成功的判断等关键问题.     

基于单片机的猜拳游戏的设计

本设计是以STC89C52单片机为信息处理、控制中心的猜拳游戏系统。实现选择多种出拳方式,实现猜拳游戏。通过简单的操作按钮,即可实现出拳,防止了作弊的可能。猜拳结果显示简单,实现猜拳游戏的方便、快捷游戏,成本低廉。     

基于 Android 系统的飞行射击游戏框架设计与实现

在飞行射击游戏框架设计与实现过程中,分析游戏的场景设计、物体之间碰撞的处理、游戏角色和整个游戏类的框架并对程序流程进行描述。实现游戏UI的设计、背景的载人、角色的设计和实例化。在Android系统中对该游戏进行反复测试,实现飞行射击游戏。     

文案策划小论（下）

RPG游戏本质上是游戏玩家融入所扮演的角色和游戏世界的过程，游戏的扮演观就是对玩家如何融入自己扮演的游戏角色的看法，而MMORPG则更多的是以实现自我为主的角色扮演，它可不以需要剧情来实现游戏体验，所以MMORPG中的角色是现实世界中的玩家在游戏的虚拟世界中的延伸，     

基于体感技术的游戏重构框架的应用研究

为满足体感游戏市场需求,降低3D游戏前期投入风险,文章提出通过开发中间件模块对游戏开发过程进行简单改造,实现3D游戏向体感游戏平滑过渡的过程;先是简单介绍了体感技术的原理和工作过程,接着结合Kinect硬件系统提出了3D游戏到体感游戏重构框架(3D-MS重构框架),然后设计和实现了中间件模块,并对现有3D游戏的提出具体改进策略和方法;最后以《神龙》游戏为案例进行了重构和实验测试,实验表明3D-MS重构框架是可行的,采用中间件技术可平滑、快速实现从3D游戏到体感游戏,比直接改造游戏的效率高2.2倍,同时能提高游戏的人机互动效果。     

基于UE5的第一人称射击类游戏的开发

在游戏引擎和网络技术高速发展的背景下，基于Unreal Engine 5虚幻引擎搭建游戏场景和创建角色类，再通过编写C++代码实现游戏本身逻辑，可以实现第一人称射击类游戏的设计和开发。     

A method of defuzzification based on the approach of areas' ratio

The new method of defuzzification of output parameters from the base of fuzzy rules for a Mamdani fuzzy controller is given in the paper. The peculiarity of the method is the usage of the universal equation for the area computation of the geometric shapes. During the realization of fuzzy inference linguistic terms, the structure changes from the triangular into a trapezoidal shape. That is why the universal equation is used. The method is limited and can be used only for the triangular and trapezoidal membership functions. Gaussian functions can also be used while modifying the proposed method. Traditional defuzzification models such as Middle of Maxima − MoM, First of Maxima − FoM, Last of Maxima − LoM, First of Suppport − FoS, Last of Support − LoS, Middle of Support − MoS, Center of Sums − CoS, Model of Height − MoH have a number of systematic errors: curse of dimensionality, partition of unity condition and absence of additivity. The above-mentioned methods can be seen as Center of Gravity − CoG, which has the same errors. These errors lead to the fact that accuracy of fuzzy systems decreases, because during the training root mean square error increases. One of the reasons that provokes the errors is that some of the activated fuzzy rules are excluded from the fuzzy inference. It is also possible to increase the accuracy of the fuzzy system through properties of continuity. The proposed method guarantees fulfilling of the property of continuity, as the intersection point of the adjustment linguistic terms equals 0.5 when a parametrized membership function is used. The causes of errors and a way to delete them are reviewed in the paper. The proposed method excludes errors which are inherent to the traditional and non- traditional models of defuzzification. Comparative analysis of the proposed method of defuzzification with traditional and non-traditional models shows its effectiveness.     

一种面向查询的多文档摘要方法

面向查询的多文档摘要技术有两个难点 第一,为了保证摘要与查询密切相关,容易造成摘要内容重复,不够全面;第二,原始查询难以完整描述查询意图,需进行查询扩展,而现有查询扩展方法多依赖于外部语义资源。针对以上问题,该文提出一种面向查询的多文档摘要方法,利用主题分析技术识别出当前主题下的子主题,综合考虑句子所在的子主题与查询的相关度以及子主题的重要度两方面因素来选择摘要句,并根据词语在子主题之间的共现信息,在不使用任何外部知识的情况下,进行查询扩展。在DUC2006评测语料上的实验结果表明,与Baseline系统相比,该系统取得了更高的ROUGE评价值,基于子主题的查询扩展方法则进一步提高了摘要的质量。     

基于结构相似性与模板校正的织物瑕疵检测方法

针对复杂的具有周期性结构的织物瑕疵检测,提出一种基于结构相似性与模板校正的织物瑕疵检测方法。通过图案的周期性,得到图案单位模板大小,再对图像自动分割,同时应用基于模板校正的方法以减少晶格之间未对准的影响,并构建均值模板。通过计算所有晶格间的结构相似性,并将相似关系通过传递闭包的方式得到等价关系,再进行晶格间的聚类。之后通过阈值分割方法,完成瑕疵区域的检测。通过实验表明,改进后的算法检测效果较好,本文算法显著提高了样本的查准率。     

Remote sensing of spring phenology in boreal regions: A free of snow-effect method using NOAA-AVHRR and SPOT-VGT data (1982-2004)

Measurements of spring phenological dates in boreal regions using NDVI can be affected by snowmelt. This impacts the analysis of interannual variations in phenology and the estimates of annual carbon fluxes. For these two objectives, snowmelt effect must be removed from the phenological detection. We propose a methodology for determining the date of onset of greening in the 1982-2004 period using SPOT-VEGETATION (VGT) and NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data. From 1998 onwards, the date of onset of greening is taken as the date at which the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), calculated from SPOT-VGT near and short-wave infrared bands, starts increasing. This index decreases with snowmelt but increases with vegetation greening. For the 1982-2001 period, the date of onset of greening is the date at which AVHRR-NDVI equals a pixel specific threshold (PST), determined using the results of the NDWI method in the years common to the two datasets. The methods are validated using in situ measurements of the dates of leaf appearance. RMSE of 6.7 and 7.8 days, respectively, is found using NDWI-VGT and PST-NOAA methodologies, and the difference between the two methodologies in the common years is small. Very importantly, the dates are not biased. The interannual variations of the 23-year spring phenology dataset on the study area in northern Eurasia are analysed. In average over the study area, an advance of 8 days and a delay of 3.6 days are, respectively, found over the periods 1982-1991 and 1993-2004. These results confirm and complete previous studies about the greening trend, remove the uncertainty due to snow, and may improve carbon budget calculations.     

An Analysis of the Criteria for Evaluating Adequate Theories of Computation

This paper deals with the question: What are the criteria that an adequate theory of computation has to meet? (1) Smith’s answer: it has to meet the empirical criterion (i.e. doing justice to computational practice), the conceptual criterion (i.e. explaining all the underlying concepts) and the cognitive criterion (i.e. providing solid grounds for computationalism). (2) Piccinini’s answer: it has to meet the objectivity criterion (i.e. identifying computation as a matter of fact), the explanation criterion (i.e. explaining the computer’s behaviour), the right things compute criterion, the miscomputation criterion (i.e. accounting for malfunctions), the taxonomy criterion (i.e. distinguishing between different classes of computers) and the empirical criterion. (3) Von Neumann’s answer: it has to meet the precision and reliability of computers criterion, the single error criterion (i.e. addressing the impacts of errors) and the distinction between analogue and digital computers criterion. (4) “Everything” computes answer: it has to meet the implementation theory criterion by properly explaining the notion of implementation.     

CCD camera modeling and simulation

In this paper we propose a modeling of an acquisition line made up of a CCD camera, a lens and a frame grabber card. The purpose of this modeling is to simulate the acquisition process in order to obtain images of virtual objects. The response time has to be short enough to permit interactive simulation. All the stages are modelised: in the first phase, we present a geometric model which supplies a point to point transformation that provides, for a space point in the camera field, the corresponding point on the plane of the CCD sensor. The second phase consists of modeling the discrete space which implies passing from the continous known object view to a discrete image, in accordance with the different orgin of the contrast loss. In the third phase, the video signal is reconstituted in order to be sampled by the frame grabber card. The practical results are close to reality when compared to image processing. This tool makes it possible to obtain a short computation time simulation of a vision sensor. This enables interactivity either with the user or with software for the design/simulation of an industrial workshop equipped with a vision system. It makes testing possible and validates the choice of sensor placement and image processing and analysis. Thanks to this simulation tool, we can control perfectly the position of the object image placed under the camera and in this way, we can characterise the performance of subpixel accuracy determining methods for object positioning.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于Multisim8的元件模型的导入和应用

Multisim8是一款优秀仿真软件,使用该软件可对电路进行各种参数分析。我们在享受其便利的同时,也遇到因缺少元器件导致电路仿真无法进行的阻力。解决此问题的方法就是为元件建立仿真模型并新建或扩充已有的元器件库。在不熟悉Spice编程原理的情况下,我们可通过相关网址查找到元件厂商提供的元件模型,利用模型导入的方法来建立需要的新元件。通过对新元件应用电路的仿真分析,新元件完全符合要求。在此基础上,使用元件的导入与导出功能还可对新元件进行文件备份并实现新元件在不同用户间的资源共享。     

集族等价与基于粒的下近似算子研究

基于覆盖的粗集是推广经典粗集理论的方法之一,有基于元素、基于粒和基于子系统的3类定义上下近似的途径,以往大多数的文献往往从基于元素的角度出发进行定义。为了研究基于粒的近似算子特别是下近似算子的性质,借鉴格论中既约元、可约元等概念,提出了集族约简的概念。从集族约简出发,探讨了集族等价的概念与性质,并设计了集族约简的算法,得到了两个集族等价是两个集族生成相同的下近似运算的充要条件这一结果,为进一步开展一般二元关系下基于粒的近似算子的公理化方法的研究做了初步的理论方面的准备工作。