非线性光限幅材料的研究进展

通过对线性、非线性以及相变激光防护材料性能的简要比较,综合分析半导体材料、金属酞菁类化合物、C60及其衍生物、无机金属团簇化合物及碳纳米管材料的光限幅特性.基于碳纳米管材料具有限幅阈值低、限幅波段宽、响应时间短等优势,进一步论述了其在光限幅应用中的研究进展,指出该光限幅材料在材料化及器件化方面需要更深入的探索,以期能够更好地用于光限幅领域.     

碳纳米管悬浮液光限幅机理实验研究

为了研究碳纳米管悬浮液的光限幅机理,测量了碳纳米管悬浮液的散射能量和透射能量随入射激光能量密度的变化曲线,得到了不同入射激光能量密度下,散射光能量在平行于入射线偏振光偏振方向的散射面内的角度分布,并对碳纳米管悬浮液进行了探针光实验。根据米氏散射理论,计算了在不同大小的散射中心下,碳纳米管悬浮液的散射光能量在平行于入射线偏振光偏振方向的散射面内的角度分布,以及散射截面随散射中心半径大小的变化。结果表明,碳纳米管悬浮液光限幅可能源于碳纳米管吸收激光能量汽化形成的碳气泡引起的非线性散射。     

光限幅技术新进展

光限幅技术是基于非线性光学原理实现激光防护的技术。概述了光限幅基本原理,总结了光限幅技术的发展,比较分析各种光限幅效应与光限幅材料的优劣,介绍了光限幅材料新进展。     

受激布里渊散射光限幅时域脉冲波形的研究进展

详细介绍了基于受激布里渊散射（SBS）光限幅原理的时域脉冲波形的研究进展．分析了一次SBS光限幅、种子场诱导的SBS光限幅和2次SBS光限幅的时域脉冲波形．1次SBS光限幅时域脉冲波形前沿出尖峰后边是平台;种子场诱导的SBS光限幅时域平顶脉冲波形类似于平顶;2次SBS光限幅时域脉冲波形是平顶．SBS光限幅时域平顶脉冲波形的获得对SBS的应用研究开辟了新的领域．     

激光防护技术新进展

光限幅技术可以防护宽带、高能激光脉冲对人眼及光电探测系统的干扰与破坏.光限幅研究日益引人关注.介绍了非线性光限幅的基本原理,评述了光限幅研究进展.     

C_（60）对ps光脉冲的限幅效应

研究了Ｃ６０甲苯溶液对ｐｓ光脉冲的限幅效应，证明了光限幅效应是单重态激发态吸收的结果；同三重态激发态吸收光限幅效应相比，单重态激发态吸收光限幅具有限幅能量低、响应速度快等优点。实验结果与理论拟合结果基本符合。     

四枯丁苯氧基氯代酞菁铟激光防护材料

纳秒级脉冲激光对战场中广泛使用的光电传感器构成了严重威胁。光限幅材料在阻止强激光通过的同时,不影响低能量信号光的通过,是目前激光防护领域的研究热点。针对可见-近红外波段光电传感器强激光防护应用需求,在金属酞菁化合物基础上,基于增强其共轭体系电子云密度的设计思想制备了一种新型高性能光限幅材料——四枯丁苯氧基氯代酞菁铟,并对其进行了测试表征。瞬态吸收光谱实验表明,四枯丁苯氧基氯代酞菁铟具有很强且长寿命的激发态吸收。光限幅性能测试证明其光限幅启动阈值为8 mJ/cm²,光限幅阈值为0.06 J/cm²,损伤阈值大于4 J/cm²,当输入能流达到3 J/cm²时,光限幅器件透过率下降到6%。由测试结果可以看出,该材料光限幅启动阈值及光限幅阈值低,损伤阈值高,可见-近红外波段线性透过率高,具有优异的光限幅性能,在光电系统激光防护中具有较高的应用前景。     

基于超快光克尔效应的超短脉冲光限幅器

超短脉冲激光因其独特的传播性质,在光电对抗领域具有重要的应用潜力。针对传统光限幅器件在超短脉冲激光限幅防护领域中存在的若干问题,提出一种基于超快光克尔效应的超短脉冲光限幅器。该限幅技术利用超短脉冲在非线性介质中诱导非线性偏振椭圆旋转(NER)效应,可实现超低阈值的光限幅输出,同时将非线性偏振椭圆旋转和自聚焦效应相结合,可保证器件在较大动态能量范围内具备限幅功能,该器件具备响应速度快、适用光谱范围宽的优点。系统阐述了NER效应的基本原理,并利用飞秒脉冲激光验证了基于NER和自聚焦效应的光限幅器的限幅性能。     

理想聚焦系统光限幅效应的理论分析

本文利用高斯分解法对聚焦光学系统中非线性介质引起的光限幅效应进行了优化分析,首次讨论了远场和近场（焦平面上）几何排布下的光限幅效应和灵敏度,且详细地分析了远场情况光限幅效应与样品到小孔距离的关系。     

激光防护与光限幅技术

综述了激光防护的方法以及光限幅技术的原理，阐明了光限幅技术在未来激光防护方面的重要作用。     

Pump-probe experiments at 1064 nm in singlewall carbon nanotubesuspensions

Singlewall carbon nanotube (SWNT) suspensions have been shown to be good optical limiters mainly because of their nonlinear scattering properties. In this paper, we report on a pump-probe experiment coupled with emission measurements for SWNT's in two solvents (water and chloroform). Time-resolved probe transmission with a pump at 1064 nm and a CW probe at 633 nm permits one to associate optical limiting with the formation of bubbles in the solvent, sublimation of the particles, and cavitation effects at high fluences. We show that the optical limiting behavior of SWNT's for nanosecond pulse duration is better in chloroform than in water due to different thermodynamic properties of the solvents     

Influence of tension-twisting deformations and defects on optical and electrical properties of B, N doped carbon nanotube superlattices

As the era of nanoelectronics is dawning, CNT (carbon nanotube), a one-dimensional nano material with outstanding properties and performances, has aroused wide attention. In order to study its optical and electrical properties, this paper has researched the influence of tension-twisting deformation, defects, and mixed type on the electronic structure and optical properties of the armchair carbon nanotube superlattices doped cyclic alternately with B and N by using the first-principle method. Our findings show that if tension-twisting deformation is conducted, then the geometric structure, bond length, binding energy, band gap and optical properties of B, N doped carbon nanotube superlattices with defects and mixed type will be influenced. As the degree of exerted tension-twisting deformation increases, B, N doped carbon nanotube superlattices become less stable, and B, N doped carbon nanotube superlattices with defects are more stable than that with exerted tension-twisting deformations. Proper tension-twisting deformation can adjust the energy gap of the system; defects can only reduce the energy gap, enhancing the system metallicity; while the mixed type of 5% tension, twisting angle of 15° and atomic defects will significantly increase the energy gap of the system. From the perspective of optical properties, doped carbon nanotubes may transform the system from metallicity into semi-conductivity.     

Carbon‐Nanotube–PDMS Composite Coatings on Optical Fibers for All‐Optical Ultrasound Imaging

Polymer–carbon nanotube composite coatings have properties that are desirable for a wide range of applications. However, fabrication of these coatings onto submillimeter structures with the efficient use of nanotubes has been challenging. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)–carbon nanotube composite coatings are of particular interest for optical ultrasound transmission, which shows promise for biomedical imaging and therapeutic applications. In this study, methods for fabricating composite coatings comprising PDMS and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with submicrometer thickness are developed and used to coat the distal ends of optical fibers. These methods include creating a MWCNT organogel using two solvents, dip coating of this organogel, and subsequent overcoating with PDMS. These coated fibers are used as all‐optical ultrasound transmitters that achieve high ultrasound pressures (up to 21.5 MPa peak‐to‐peak) and broad frequency bandwidths (up to 39.8 MHz). Their clinical potential is demonstrated with all‐optical pulse‐echo ultrasound imaging of an aorta. The fabrication methods in this paper allow for the creation of thin, uniform carbon nanotube composites on miniature or temperature‐sensitive surfaces, to enable a wide range of advanced sensing capabilities.     

A Study of Deterministic Positioning of Carbon Nanotubes by Dielectrophoresis

A self-limiting dielectrophoresis technique, aimed at deterministically assembling individual or bundles of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), is experimentally investigated. A limiting resistor is used to control the electric field after the deposition of a single carbon nanotube. The role of some key parameters such as voltage and duration of the deposition with and without the limiting resistor is studied.     

Laser mode locking using a saturable absorber incorporating carbon nanotubes

This paper describes a new class of saturable absorber device based on single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT)-the saturable absorber incorporating nano tube (SAINT). The device possesses ultrafast optical properties comparable to that of the industrial standard semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM). Passively mode-locked picosecond fiber lasers in different configurations are demonstrated using SAINTs as mode lockers. This is the first demonstration of optical pulsed lasers based on the carbon nanotube technology, and the first practical application of carbon nanotubes in the field of applied optics.     

碳纳米管原子力显微镜针尖的研究

本文研究了制作碳纳米管原子力显微镜针尖的方法和过程。在光学显微镜下，通过两个微工作台操纵将纯化后的多壁碳纳米管粘结在传统的原子力显微镜的Si针尖上。运用电蚀的方法优化碳管针尖的长度使其达到高分辨率的要求。我们运用制作的碳纳米管针尖在敲击模式下时G型免疫球蛋白进行扫描成像，结果显示了其典型的Y形结构，这是传统AFM的Si针尖无法获得的。     

含空位缺陷碳化硅纳米管的电子结构和光学性质

Based on first-principle calculations,the electronic structures and optical properties of a single-walled (7,0) SiC nanotube(SiCNT) with a carbon vacancy defect or a silicon vacancy defect are investigated.In the three silicon atoms around the carbon vacancy,two atoms form a stable bond and the other is a dangling bond.A similar structure is found in the nanotube with a silicon vacancy.A carbon vacancy results in a defect level near the top of the valence band,while a silicon vacancy leads to the formation of three defect levels in the band gap of the nanotube.Transitions between defect levels and energy levels near the bottom of the conduction band have a close relationship with the formation of the novel dielectric peaks in the lower energy range of the dielectric function.     

Ultra‐Lightweight and Highly Adaptive All‐Carbon Elastic Conductors with Stable Electrical Resistance

The rapid development of wearable electronics needs flexible conductive materials that have stable electrical properties, good mechanical reliability, and broad environmental tolerance. Herein, ultralow‐density all‐carbon conductors that show excellent elasticity and high electrical stability when subjected to bending, stretching, and compression at high strains, which are superior to previously reported elastic conductors, are demonstrated. These all‐carbon conductors are fabricated from carbon nanotube forms, with their nanotube joints being selectively welded by amorphous carbon. The joint‐welded foams have a robust 3D nanotube network with fixed nodes and mobile nanotube segments, and thus have excellent electrical and mechanical stabilities. They can readily scale up, presenting a new type of nonmetal elastic conductor for many possible applications.