Silver-ion HPLC测定1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸三酰甘油的含量

准确测定1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸三酰甘油(OPO)的含量,建立了一种以高效液相色谱结合银离子交换柱(Silver-ion HPLC)的测定方法。以ChromSpher 5 Lipid(25 cm×4.6 mm,5μm)银离子交换柱通过HPLC正相系统分离三酰甘油,配合蒸发光散射检测器(ELSD),以毒性较小的二氯甲烷和丙酮为流动相。流速0.6 mL/min,柱温30℃。漂移管温度30℃,空气压力0.35 MPa。在此条件下,1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸三酰甘油和1,2-二油酸-3-棕榈酸三酰甘油两种同分异构体基本达到分离,样品出峰完整,峰形良好。OPO色谱峰面积的自然对数与浓度的自然对数呈良好的线性关系(R2=0.998 8)。用该方法测定了母乳脂肪、实验室合成结构油脂样品、商品结构油脂、棕榈油和山茶油中OPO的含量。结果表明该方法的灵敏度高、重现性良好。     

气相色谱法测定婴幼儿乳粉中的1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯

目的 建立气相色谱检测方法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯的含量。方法 乳粉中的油脂经过石油醚和乙醚提取后, 离心机分层, 用正己烷溶解, 并过滤膜后, 经气相色谱仪氢火焰离子化检测器检测, 外标法定量测定乳粉中1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯的含量。结果 得到的检测峰型良好, 在线性范围0.10~5.00 mg/mL内, 线性关系良好, 相关系数r2大于0.995。回收率在90%~104%之间, 重复测定20次, 相对标准偏差0.0692%, 结论 该方法快速, 灵敏, 准确, 适合测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯的含量。     

1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯的合成

为了解决1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯(OPO)合成过程中不利于脂肪酶活性发挥的问题,采用两步法合成OPO,首先以棕榈硬脂和高油酸葵花籽油为原料通过化学酯交换反应得到相对棕榈硬脂熔点降低的油脂,再以化学酯交换油脂与油酸为原料在Lipozyme RM IM脂肪酶催化下进行酶法酸解反应得到OPO。通过单因素实验及响应面优化实验确定最优反应条件为棕榈硬脂与高油酸葵花籽油质量比2∶1、化学酯交换油脂与油酸质量比1∶1.45、酶添加量4%、反应温度50.40℃、反应时间5.29 h,该条件下OPO含量为27.26%,sn-2位棕榈酸占总棕榈酸含量为67.36%。以棕榈硬脂为原料合成OPO的新工艺一方面提升了高油酸植物油的使用价值,另一方面酶法酸解反应的温度适中,更有利于脂肪酶活性发挥。     

酶法催化生产1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯

1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯(OPO)是母乳脂肪中甘油三酯的重要组成成分,可有效改善和保证棕榈酸在婴幼儿体内的吸收和利用。本文对其脂肪酶催化生产进行了简单探索,以三棕榈酸甘油酯(PPP)和油酸(OA)为底物,通过1,3-特异性脂肪酶RMIM催化的酸解反应成功制备了1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯。经单因素优化后最佳反应条件为:PPP与油酸摩尔比1:6,加酶量8%,反应温度50℃,反应时间6 h,反应产物中脂肪酸组成为:油酸54.86%,sn-2位棕榈酸含量为87.64%。     

人乳脂替代品1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯的研究进展

母乳是婴儿最理想的营养来源,母乳脂肪酸在甘油三酯骨架上具有高度特异性的位置分布,其70%为sn-2棕榈酸酯。棕榈酸在甘油三酯中酰基化位置的不同直接影响棕榈酸在人体内的生理功能,sn-2棕榈酸酯易被人体吸收。1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯(1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl triglyceride,OPO)是一种典型的sn-2棕榈酸酯。普通婴儿配方奶粉主要以牛乳为原料,虽然牛乳脂肪酸组成与母乳脂肪酸接近,但其脂肪酸结构与母乳存在显著差异,牛乳中的sn-2棕榈酸酯远低于母乳中sn-2棕榈酸酯含量。以牛乳为基础,在奶粉中加入1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯(OPO),较之一般的配方奶粉更加接近母乳,更宜作为人乳脂替代品?本文介绍了人乳脂替代品1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯(OPO)的研究意义、结构特点、制备方法和分析测定方法等研究进展,旨在为婴儿配方奶粉的开发提供有益参考。     

奶粉中OPO含量的气相色谱检测技术研究

为准确对奶粉中1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯OPO(OPO)进行定量检测,本次试验采用浓盐酸水解样品,无水乙醚和石油醚提取脂肪,以十七碳甘油三酯(C17:0)为内标,正己烷定容,氢火焰离子化检测器-气相色谱仪对其OPO进行检测。结果表明,该方法可有效分离奶粉样品中OPO色谱峰,重现性良好,RSD为1.52%,回收率为90.0%~96.12%,且该方法检出限为20 μg/mg、定量限为70 μg/mg。本次建立的气相色谱检测方法,可准确检测奶粉样品中OPO含量,为OPO国标检测方法的建立提供技术支持,同时为乳品企业产品质量控制、品质优化及科研机构开展相关研究提供方法保障。     

母乳中1-油酰基-2-棕榈酰基-3-亚油酰基甘油三酯的研究进展

甘油三酯（TAG）为母乳中含量最高的脂质,1,3二油酰基-2-棕榈酰基甘油三酯(1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol,OPO)和1-油酰基-2-棕榈酰基-3-亚油酰基甘油三酯(1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleoylglycerol,OPL)为母乳中含量最丰富的两种TAG,与欧美国家母乳中OPO含量高于OPL含量不同,中国母乳中OPL含量高于OPO,但目前婴幼儿配方奶粉多是通过添加OPO来模拟母乳脂质,这与中国母乳TAG组成不完全相同。为进一步研究OPL对婴幼儿生长发育的影响,主要从脂肪酸和TAG结构上分析了OPL的功能,比较了国内外以及中国多地母乳中OPL的含量,介绍有关OPL异构体的检测方法,主要为银离子色谱和带有手性色谱柱的液相色谱结合大气压化学电离质谱进行分离鉴定。通过总结OPL功能、含量和现有的检测技术,旨在为开发符合中国母乳特征的人乳替代脂提供科学支持。     

气相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中的1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯

建立气相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯(1,3-dioleyl-2-palmitoyl-glycerol, OPO)的方法。方法 样品通过碱式水解处理,提取脂肪后,采用甘油三酯专用气相色谱柱进行分离,并使用氢火焰离子化检测器进行检测,结果采用外标法定量。结果 OPO在10~200 mg/L质量浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)为0.99996。检出限与定量限分别为0.119 g/100 g和0.664 g/100 g,回收率为92.3%~100.3%,相对标准偏差小于5%。应用此方法对我国市售的36批次OPO强化婴幼儿配方乳粉进行检测,OPO含量为2.39~4.89 g/100 g,占标签标示值的60.7%~102.1%。这主要因为本方法检测的是OPO含量,而标签标示的是碳数为C52的甘油三酯的量。结论 该方法成功实现了OPO与其他碳数为C52、饱和度不同的甘油三酯的气相色谱法基线分离,可对OPO单体进行精确的定性和定量分析,适用于婴幼儿配方乳粉中OPO的检测。     

改性巴沙鲶鱼油制备1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯的研究

以巴沙鲶鱼油为原料采用酶法酸解制备1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯(OPO)。首先将巴沙鲶鱼油在30℃下分提,富集鲶鱼油中富含sn-2棕榈酸的部分,再以sn-1,3位选择性脂肪酶Lipozyme RM IM为催化剂,以高油酸葵花籽油脂肪酸为酰基供体,在填充床反应器中酸解鲶鱼油分提物,制备得到富含OPO的产品。酸解反应的优化条件为:停留时间1 h,鱼油与脂肪酸的比值1∶6(摩尔比),反应温度50℃,水分含量3.5 wt%。在此条件下,所得产品的sn-2棕榈酸含量为57.8%,sn-1,3油酸含量为78.7%。     

酶法合成1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯研究进展

概述了模拟母乳脂肪结构的1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯(OPO)的合成技术研究进展,包括脂肪酶、反应底物及反应介质的选择,OPO合成工艺的研究进展及展望。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press