热塑性淀粉涂料在船体表面的成膜初探

对淀粉涂膜和普通环氧涂膜分别从槽液数据、涂膜性能,FT-IR谱图以及SEM图做了实验比较。发现淀粉涂膜的槽液数据和涂膜性能的各项指标略逊于普通环氧涂膜,但仍在适用范围内。淀粉涂膜的O—H强度高,属于分子内氢键,而环氧涂料中O—H属于多聚性分子间氢键,容易发生断裂。微观环境下,SEM图中淀粉涂膜由熔融球胞状小颗粒组成,而环氧涂膜则由不规则小颗粒组成,为淀粉涂膜粒子比环氧涂膜粒子略大造成。     

乳液涂膜开放时间的扩散波光谱研究

应用扩散波光谱(diffusing-wave spectroscopy,DWS)技术对丙烯酸酯类乳液涂膜的成膜过程进行了表征,研究了涂膜开放时间对乳液成膜过程的影响,深入研究了对涂膜开放时间产生影响的几种因素,如固含量、涂膜厚度、助剂种类与用量等。通过控制上述影响因素,有助于平整均一涂膜的形成。     

陶瓷膜基高岭土动态膜制备和油水分离

以管式陶瓷膜为基膜、以高岭土为涂膜材料制备无机质基动态膜并用于油水分离。采用灰色关联分析法,得到动态膜制备和油水分离过程中操作条件对油水分离稳定通量的关联次序,并以此为基础,研究其中的涂膜条件对动态膜分离性能的影响。结果表明:随着流量、涂膜时间、涂膜压差和涂膜液质量浓度的增大,油水分离稳定通量均呈先增后减的趋势;最佳涂膜操作条件为:流量80 L/h、涂膜时间25 min、涂膜压差0.14 MPa、涂膜液质量浓度0.5 g/L;与基膜直接油水分离相比,动态膜能较好地减轻膜污染,增大油水分离稳定通量。文中还提出了动态膜油水分离影响因子R的概念,以考察涂膜参数对油水分离稳定通量的影响程度,进一步验证了灰色关联分析结果的可靠性。     

动态膜支撑体及涂膜材料

本文介绍了动态膜的分类、支撑体及涂膜材料、涂膜工艺,重点介绍了支撑体和涂膜材料的种类及其选择,并对影响动态膜分离性能的因素进行了分析总结。     

聚氨酯丙烯酸水性木器涂料附着力影响因素的研究

以水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液(PUA)为基料配制水性木器涂料。从润湿与附着的角度考察了乳液种类、涂布量、基材润湿剂、附着力促进剂、成膜助剂等对PUA涂膜附着力的影响。结果表明:PUA乳液表面张力越低,润湿性越好,PUA涂膜附着力越强;涂布量增加,涂膜厚度增加,涂膜附着力降低;加入0.6%~0.8%(质量分数)基材润湿剂可明显提高涂膜附着力;附着力促进剂硅烷偶联剂能有效提高涂膜附着力;成膜助剂也对涂膜附着力有影响。     

银条的壳聚糖复合涂膜保鲜效果研究

以甲壳素为原料制取了壳聚糖,并以壳聚糖作为主要成分研制了一种涂膜保鲜剂,研究了该涂膜保鲜剂用于银条的保鲜效果,考察了涂膜银条在贮藏过程中的硬度、腐烂度、表皮颜色、失重率、VC和还原糖含量等的变化。实验结果表明,壳聚糖涂膜保鲜剂用于银条的保鲜效果良好,延长了银条的贮藏期。     

PAA、PLiAA和PNaAA涂膜结晶度对其表面性能的影响

采用辊涂的方式将聚丙烯酸（PAA）、聚丙烯酸锂（PLiAA）和聚丙烯酸钠（PNaAA）溶液涂覆在铝箔上，通过控制不同的烘干时间和温度以获得不同结晶度的涂膜。用x-射线衍射测定聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸锂和聚丙烯酸钠涂膜的表面结晶度，实验测定了涂膜的表面张力和水在涂膜表面的铺展速度常数。讨论了表面结晶度、表面张力、水铺展速度常数与涂膜表面亲水性之间的关系，结果表明具有高表面张力和结晶度的涂膜有利于亲水性的提高。     

新型涂层聚氯代对二甲苯的性能及其应用研究

用真空沉积技术制备了聚氯代对二甲苯(Parylene C)涂膜,考核了聚氯代对二甲苯涂膜与特种材料的附着力及涂膜的拉伸性能、耐化学介质性能、表面抗静电性能,并对具有复杂形状的工件表面进行均匀涂覆作了探索研究。结果表明聚氯代对二甲苯涂膜具有优异的综合性能,可以在复杂形状工件表面形成均匀涂膜,对被涂覆材料起到很好的保护作用。     

羟基丙烯酸树脂包覆HDI缩二脲胶粒的成膜过程及其影响因素

采用相反转法制备了羟基丙烯酸树脂包覆HDI缩二脲乳液,通过FTIR和涂膜溶剂浸泡保留率跟踪了包覆粒子的成膜过程,考察了混合工艺、羟基单体种类、催化剂等因素对涂膜交联的影响。结果表明,成膜过程中,—OH和—NCO交联生成氨基甲酸酯,—NCO同时与H2O反应生成的CO2扩散出涂膜,没有形成涂膜缺陷。成膜温度越高,涂膜交联度在成膜前期越高,而在成膜后期,涂膜交联度反而越低。HDI缩二脲在羟基丙烯酸溶液中分散越均匀,羟基丙烯酸树脂中羟基反应活性越高,催化剂用量越多,涂膜交联度越大。     

环境友好涂料配方设计的应用技术

简述了环境友好涂料配方设计的复配改性技术、助剂匹配技术、纳米复合技术和涂料涂装技术;采用基料及涂膜内基团结构、涂膜交联密度、液体介质对涂膜渗透指数、渗透量、基料黏度等参数预测涂料及涂膜相关性能.     

我国特种环氧树脂生产和研究进展

介绍了我国环氧树脂的生产消费概况,分析了溴化环氧树脂、邻甲酚醛环氧树脂、双酚F环氧树脂、酚醛环氧树脂和双酚A酚醛环氧树脂等特种环氧树脂的生产和研究进展,提出了我国发展环氧树脂的见解.     

Laboratory investigation of the properties of asphalt modified with epoxy resin

Epoxy asphalts were prepared by mixing styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified asphalt with epoxy resin. The curing process and morphology of epoxy asphalts were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and fluorescent microscope, respectively. The effects of epoxy resin contents, ratio of curing agent to epoxy resin and curing temperature on properties of epoxy asphalt were investigated. Results indicated that epoxy resin and epoxy asphalt showed similar curing efficiency. Epoxy asphalts can be cured at 120 or 60°C and its viscosity at 120°C can meet the demands of asphalt mixture mixing and paving. The chemical reaction of epoxy resin in epoxy asphalt is slow and reaction occurs not only with the curing agent but also carboxylic acid in epoxy asphalt. The microstructure of epoxy asphalt transforms from the dispersed structure to networks structure with epoxy resin content increasing and phase transition starts when 30 wt % epoxy resin present in asphalt. The softening point and tensile strength of epoxy asphalt increased with epoxy resin contents increasing. The softening point and tensile strength of epoxy asphalt were markedly improved when epoxy resin content was more than 30 wt %, which is attributed to formation of continuous structure of epoxy resin. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Synthesis of new flame-retarding epoxy resin based on 3′, 5′, 3″, 5″-tetrabromophenolphthalein

New flame-retarding epoxy is synthesized by reacting 3′, 5′, 3Prime;, 5″-tetrabromophenolphthalein (TBPP) with epichlorohydrin and characterized in comparison with commercially available tetrabromobisphenol-A(TBBA) epoxy on their flame retardancy and thermostability. TBPP epoxy show better results in promoting flame resistance than TBBA epoxy. However, TBPP epoxy exhibits a greater effect on thermal decomposition temperature. The order of char yield at 800°C under nitrogen for the cured products is TBPP epoxy > phenolphthalein (PP) epoxy > TBBA epoxy. Meanwhile, there is a linear relationship between oxygen index and char yield for cured products of TBPP-PP epoxy and TBBA-BA epoxy systems.     

一种丙烯酸改性乳化环氧树脂的制备与研究

提供了一种制备改性环氧树脂乳液的新方法,以丙烯酸酯类为聚合性单体,加入环氧树脂,利用乳液聚合方法制成了环氧树脂含量达50％的丙烯酸酯改性环氧树脂乳液。通过测试交联度,证明环氧树脂确实参与了聚合反应。同时,还对乳化剂、功能性单体以及环氧树脂含量对乳液稳定性、产品收率、吸水性以及各项力学性能的影响问题进行了研究,得出：丙烯酸对环氧树脂的聚合交联起到了决定性的作用,丙烯酰胺的引入大大提高了乳液的稳定性和力学性能,环氧树脂含量越多产品性能越接近纯环氧树脂,聚合应采用阴、非离子复合乳化剂。     

特种聚氨酯改性环氧树脂的研究

研究了在环氧树脂体系中,引入特种聚氨酯预聚体作为改性剂制备聚氨酯改性环氧树脂。通过红外图谱来表征改性的环氧树脂表明,改性是由环氧树脂上的羟基和聚氨酯预聚体上的异氰酸根两者交联来实现的,聚氨酯改性的环氧树脂其主体是环氧树脂,改性后环氧基团未发生变化。由性能测试可知,与改性前环氧树脂相比,经改性后环氧树脂基本性能未发生变化,但具有良好疏水性能。     

含磷本质阻燃环氧树脂的研究进展

综述了含磷本质阻燃环氧树脂(包括含磷协同本质阻燃体系)的发展、现状和未来趋势。与添加型阻燃剂阻燃环氧树脂相比,通过含磷环氧化合物和/或含磷固化剂把磷元素嵌入环氧树脂结构中制得的含磷本质阻燃环氧树脂,具有阻燃效率高、阻燃持久、物理力学性能不受影响、燃烧过程中毒性腐蚀性挥发物质的生成量低等优势。利用协同阻燃效应,可以进一步提高阻燃性能。但是,含磷本质阻燃环氧树脂和含磷协同本质阻燃体系存在制备工艺复杂、生产成本较高等不足。     

环氧改性水性聚氨酯涂料的合成与性能研究

采用环氧树脂与聚醚、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）和甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）反应制备水性聚氨酯涂料。研究发现随着所用的环氧树脂的环氧值的降低，改性水性聚氨酯涂膜的硬度和拉伸强度逐渐提高，断裂伸长率则随着降低。选用环氧值为0．44的环氧树脂所合成的改性水性聚氨酯的涂膜硬度达到玻璃硬度0．70；随着环氧树脂添加量增大，涂膜机械性能增加。采用后添加环氧树脂的合成工艺，可制备贮存稳定的水性聚氨酯乳液；凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）分析表明环氧树脂改性水性聚氨酯提高了聚氨酯的分子量。性能测试表明环氧改性水性聚氨酯涂料具有涂膜硬度高、耐水性好和耐溶剂性好等优点。     

Synergistic effect of graphene and carbon nanotube on lap shear strength and electrical conductivity of epoxy adhesives

In this study, synergy between graphene platelets (GnPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in improving lap shear strength and electrical conductivity of epoxy composite adhesives is demonstrated. Adding two-dimensional GnPs with one-dimensional CNTs into epoxy matrix helped to form global three-dimensional network of both GnPs and CNTs, which provide large contact surface area between the fillers and the matrix. This has been evidenced by comparing the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of epoxy/GnP, epoxy/CNT, and epoxy/GnP-CNT composites. Scanning electron microscopic images of lap shear fracture surfaces of the composite adhesives showed that GnP-CNT hybrid nanofillers demonstrated better interaction to the epoxy matrix than individual GnP and CNT. The lap shear strength of epoxy/GnP-CNT composite adhesive was 89% higher than that of the neat epoxy adhesive, compared with only 44 and 30% increase in the case of epoxy/GnP and epoxy/CNT composite adhesives, respectively. Electrical percolation threshold of epoxy/GnP-CNT composite adhesive is recorded at 0.41 vol %, which is lower than epoxy/GnP composite adhesive (0.58 vol %) and epoxy/CNT composite adhesive (0.53 vol %), respectively. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48056.     

水性环氧树脂涂料适用期的研讨

研究探讨了水性环氧树脂涂料适用期方面的相关规律与特点。结果表明固化剂乳化型水性环氧树脂涂料的适用期一般较短;其与溶剂型环氧树脂涂料一样,可以用黏度变化来判断其适用期的长短;而对于水性环氧固化剂乳液与水性环氧树脂乳液所组成的水性环氧树脂涂料体系,其适用期较长,并且应以涂膜的性能,如涂膜光泽度的变化来确定。     

Mechanical properties of surface-functionalized SWCNT/epoxy composites

Well-dispersed epoxy/single-walled carbon nanotube (epoxy/SWCNT) composites were prepared by oxidization and functionalization of the SWCNT surfaces using polyamidoamine generation-0 (PAMAM-0) dendrimer. For comparison purposes, neat epoxy, epoxy/PAMAM-0 and epoxy/pristine-SWCNTs were also prepared. The morphology and mechanical properties of the above composite systems were investigated and correlated with the surface characteristics of SWCNTs. It is found that surface functionalization can effectively improve the dispersion and adhesion of SWCNTs in epoxy. This leads to enhancement in mechanical properties of epoxy, but the improvement is not as significant as expected. It is also found that surface functionalization agent will have an undesirable effect on the physical and mechanical properties of epoxy/SWCNT composites. Issues regarding optimization of mechanical properties of epoxy/SWCNT composites are discussed.