Ni52Mn23+xSn25-x(x=0,1,2)合金的磁性

利用X射线衍射和振动样品磁强计研究了Ni52Mn23 xSn25-x(x=0,1,2)合金的结构和磁性.结果表明,合金为铁磁性形状记忆合金.奥氏体具有强的铁磁性,而马氏体表现为顺磁或反铁磁性.磁化曲线表现出明显的磁场诱导马氏体相变行为.Sn含量对居里温度影响十分显著,而对马氏体相变温度影响很小.合金马氏体相变过程的温度范围很窄,约在5K以内.     

Superconducting Properties of Ti3SiC2-Doped Bulk MgB2 Superconductor

研究了Ti3SiC2掺杂对MgB2的晶格参数(a)、微观结构、超导转变温度(Tc)和临界电流密度(Jc)的影响。随着Ti3SiC2掺杂量的增加,晶格参数a逐渐变小,表明了C进入晶格代替B位的发生。随着掺杂量的增加,超导转变温度Tc从37.15K降低到36.55K。利用Bean模型通过M-H磁滞回线计算了样品的Jc值。结果表明,在低场区域,未掺杂样品的Jc值高于Ti3SiC2掺杂样品的Jc值。然而随着磁场的进一步增大,适量掺杂的样品Jc值得到提高。     

Ni45．4＋xMn41．5-xSn13．1（x=0，1．5，3．0）合金的结构和磁熵变研究

铁磁形状记忆合金Ni45.4-xMn41.5-xSn13.1（x=0,1．5,3．0）（分别定义为样品1、2、3）系列通过电弧熔炼法制备得到。在1173K下真空退火24h,自然冷却至室温。利用X射线衍射仪和振动样品磁强计研究了合金的结构、磁性和磁熵变。等温磁化曲线和Arrott曲线表明合金在马氏体转变温度附近合金为典型的亚磁性状态。在1．2T的外场下样品2和3在马氏体转变温度附近发生大的磁熵变大小分别为3．8和3．7J／kgK。样品1在磁性转变温度附近的磁熵变大小为2．24J／kg·K。     

Na^＋掺杂对钙钛矿La0．7Sr0．3-xNaxMnO3的结构及磁熵变的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了钙钛矿La0.7Sr0.3-xNa xMnO3(0.05≤x≤0.3)系列样品.结果表明:由于Na+离子半径(0.102 nm)小于Sr2+离子半径(0.127 nm),导致La0.7Sr0.3-xNaxMnO3(0.05≤x≤0.3)样品的结构随着Na+离子掺杂量的增加由正交向单斜转变.样品的晶胞参数a随x的增大而增大,而c随x的增大而减小,c/a随x的增加而减小;样品的形貌呈现不规则的颗粒状,中间还夹杂着棒状物;随着Mn4+与Mn3+摩尔比的增加,A位的平均离子半径减小及A位离子失配效应减小的共同影响下,当x≤0.2时,居里温度随着Na+离子掺杂量的增加而增加;当x＞0.2时,居里温度随着Na+离子掺杂量的增加而下降;由于Na+离子掺杂引起的容差因子的减小,晶格收缩、铁磁耦合变小,导致居里温度附近的最大磁熵变随x增加而减小.     

0412-1961

研究了γ-Fe-Mn-Al-Cr(Mnl8.6—25.6,A10—9.8,CrO—5.7at.-%)合金中磁化率x,弹性模量E及电阻率p与温度T的关系.实验结果揭示该合金中存在顺磁-反铁磁性转变.提高Mn含量将降低合金的x和升高反铁磁转变温度T_N.相反,随着Al含量的增加,x增大,T_点降低,X-T曲线在T_N点的峰值增高;T>T_N时,     

化合物Gd1-xLaxMn2Ge2(x=0.06, 0.07)中场诱导的反铁磁→铁磁一级磁相变

在脉冲强磁场中测量了Gd1-xLaxMn2 Ge2 (x =0 .0 6 ,0 .0 7)化合物在不同温度下的磁化曲线。结果表明 ,当这些化合物处于反铁磁状态的温度范围内时 ,Mn次晶格中发生了场诱导的从反铁磁状态到铁磁状态的一级磁相变。随着温度的降低 ,相变临界磁场逐渐增大 ,达到最大值后 ,随着温度的进一步降低 ,临界磁场很快减小 ;随La含量的增加 ,相变临界磁场也很快减小。在交换相互作用的分子场模型基础上 ,考虑层面间Mn Mn交换作用随晶格常数a以及温度的变化 ,从理论上计算了这种场诱导的反铁磁→铁磁一级磁相变所对应的临界磁场 ,理论计算结果较好地描述了临界磁场随温度的变化规律。理论模型也较好地解释了在这些化合物中发生的从亚铁磁结构到反铁磁结构再到铁磁结构的一级自发磁相变     

Ru掺杂BaFe2As2体系Ba(Fe1-xRux)2As2的面内电输运性质演化研究

纵向磁阻能够反映铁砷化合物中载流子和自旋自由度间相互作用,为利用其对等价掺杂铁砷化合物的输运性质和自旋磁涨落进行研究,采用高温助熔剂法制备了高质量的Ba(Fe1-xRux)2As2单晶样品,测量了其中超导样品的ab面面内纵向磁阻。发现外场H作用下电阻值降低且磁阻大小随H2线性增大,分析表明负的纵向磁阻源于磁场对体系自旋涨落的压制效应;随着Ru掺杂量x增加,纵向磁阻系数曲线逐步下移,说明欠掺杂样品中自旋涨落较为剧烈,曲线下移反映了掺杂对体系内反铁磁自旋涨落的压制过程;应用二维反铁磁金属巡游电子模型对纵向磁阻的定性分析发现:随Ru掺杂量增加,模式耦合系数在最佳掺杂量子临界点处形式发生改变,说明伴随体系长程反铁磁序完全被压制,最佳掺杂和过掺杂样品内载流子与自旋涨落的作用方式产生了变化。     

γ-Fe-Mn-Al-Cr合金的顺磁-反铁磁性转变

研究了γ-Fe-Mn-Al-Cr(Mnl8.6—25.6,A10—9.8,CrO—5.7at.-%)合金中磁化率x,弹性模量E及电阻率p与温度T的关系.实验结果揭示该合金中存在顺磁-反铁磁性转变.提高Mn含量将降低合金的x和升高反铁磁转变温度T_N.相反,随着Al含量的增加,x增大,T_点降低,X-T曲线在T_N点的峰值增高;T>T_N时,|dx/dT|增大.Cr对Fe-Mn合金x-T曲线的影响较小,T>T_N时,X几乎不因T而变化.合金中γ→ε马氏体转变引起X降低,反之,ε→γ转变导致x升高.以多元回归分析建立γ-Fe-Mn-Al-Cr合金中T_N点与成分的经验关系.在顺磁-反铁磁性转变温度附近伴有E及ρ的反常变化,呈现“电阻率极小”.现在对Fe-Mn-Al合金的ρ反常还难以作出确切的解释,负电阻温度系数的产生可能与形成反铁磁能隙有关.所得结果对发展Fe-Mn-Al-Cr系反铁磁Invar合金及超低温无磁钢有一定的参考价值.     

La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3体系中电荷有序及磁性质研究

采用固相反应法制备了钙钛矿锰氧化物La0 3Ca0 7Mn1-xWxO3(x=0.08,0.12)样品,通过M-T曲线、M-H曲线、ESR曲线研究了在Mn位掺W对La0 3Ca0 7MnO3电荷有序相的影响以及磁结构的变化过程.结果表明:当x=0.08时,体系存在电荷有序(CO)相,相变温度TcO=275 K,在T＞275 K时体系表现为PM;当温度从275 K下降到230 K,体系在CO相下从自旋无序的顺磁态向自旋有序的反铁磁态转变;在230 K至5 K形成长程反铁磁态,AFM/CO态共存;低温区在AFM/CO态本底中存在一定的铁磁成分.当x=0.12时,体系的CO相已基本融化,150 K以下还残留少量CO相.在高于150K温区表现为顺磁;在低于150K温区从顺磁向铁磁转变.     

La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3体系中电荷有序及磁性质研究

采用固相反应法制备了钙钛矿锰氧化物La0 3Ca0 7Mn1-xWxO3(x=0.08,0.12)样品,通过M-T曲线、M-H曲线、ESR曲线研究了在Mn位掺W对La0 3Ca0 7MnO3电荷有序相的影响以及磁结构的变化过程.结果表明当x=0.08时,体系存在电荷有序(CO)相,相变温度TcO=275 K,在T＞275 K时体系表现为PM;当温度从275 K下降到230 K,体系在CO相下从自旋无序的顺磁态向自旋有序的反铁磁态转变;在230 K至5 K形成长程反铁磁态,AFM/CO态共存;低温区在AFM/CO态本底中存在一定的铁磁成分.当x=0.12时,体系的CO相已基本融化,150 K以下还残留少量CO相.在高于150K温区表现为顺磁;在低于150K温区从顺磁向铁磁转变.     

Metamagnetic phase transitions in perovskite manganites

A detailed study of step-like metamagnetic transitions in polycrystalline Pr_0.75Na_0.25Mn_1 − xFe_xO₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.30) is reported. It shows that the charge-orbit ordering antiferromagnetic (COOAF) phase in the phase-separated materials is responsible for the step-like metamagnetic transition with extremely sharp steps (width <0.01 T). The fraction of antiferromagnet II (AFII) with larger antiferromagnetic exchange interaction than COOAF is proved to be the effective factor of critical fields (H_c). A model of anisotropy barrier for up/down thermal blocking spins has been proposed to explain the sharp step-like transitions in polycrystalline manganites for the first time. The metamagnetic transitions at 2 K (below the spin blocking temperature T_B) and high temperatures are compared. Both sorts of metamagnetic transitions originate from COOAF phase. And the temperature is responsible for the difference between them.     

Nuclear structure and magnetic properties of perovskite compounds La1−xNdxFe0.5Cr0.5O3 (x = 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2)

Perovskite oxides with the composition La_1−xNd_xFe_0.5Cr_0.5O₃ (x = 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) have been studied. The samples have been prepared using the standard solid-state reaction method in air. The X-ray and neutron diffractograms indicates that the samples crystallize in the orthorhombic perovskite structure with space group Pnma (No. 62). The Nd-substitution causes minor changes in the cell parameters and bond lengths but the nuclear structure remains orthorhombic in the whole range of substitutions and in the temperature range of 10–700 K. The magnetic structure of the samples at room temperature and below is G-type antiferromagnetic with an average magnetic moment of the Fe/Cr ions of 3.29(3) μ_B/atom at 10 K independent of the Nd content. At room temperature the average magnetic moment of the Fe/Cr ions reduces to 1.23 μ_B/atom. At temperatures below 250 K a weak but increasing uncompensated spontaneous magnetic moment develops that reaches a magnitude of about 0.5 emu/g (or 0.02 μ_B per Fe/Cr site) at 10 K. This moment saturates rather rapidly in the magnetization versus magnetic field curve and is at higher field superposed on the response of the antiferromagnetic spin system.     

Structure and unusual magnetic properties in the itinerant electron system Hf0.8Ta0.2(Fe1−xCox)2

The crystal structure and magnetization of Hf_0.8Ta_0.2(Fe_1−xCo_x)₂ are investigated by X-ray powder diffraction and magnetization measurements. The compounds exhibit the Laves C14 structure for x=0.0–0.2 and the C15 structure for x≥0.3. The structural transition from C14 to C15 leads to an anomaly of the unit cell volume between x=0.2 and 0.3. When x=0.0, the compound undergoes a magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic state via the antiferromagnetic state, in which a field-induced metamagnetic transition is observed. When x=0.1 and 0.2, the compounds exhibit unusually small saturation moments, which are considered as antiferromagnetism (with weak ferromagnetic impurities) and weak ferromagnetism or ferrimagnetism, respectively. The formation of the AFM state is associated with a small bond length of Fe atom in the 6h site. When x≥0.3, the compounds exhibit a ferromagnetic to paramagnetic transition, which can be explained by itinerant electron metamagnetism.     

Gd3+掺杂La2Mo2O9的相稳定性及热导率

La2Mo2O9具有极低的热导率,但其在580℃左右会发生α-β相变,严重影响其性能和应用。本实验以Gd203掺杂La2Mo2O9制备了一系列La2-xGdxMo2O9 (x=0.0~0.5)固溶体,研究了掺杂Gd3+对La2Mo2O9相稳定性和热导率的影响。结果表明,随着Gd3+掺杂量的增加,相变得到有效抑制,当x≥0.2时样品以β相存在。样品的热导率随Gd3+掺杂量的增加先减小后增加,室温下在x=0.2时达到最低,此后缓慢上升,但所有样品的热导率均小于1 W/(m·K)。     

Electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetically modulated microwave absorption experiments on κ-(BEDT—TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Cl

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and magnetically modulated microwave absorption (MMMA) measurements were taken on differently prepared samples of the quasi two-dimensional organic conductor κ-(BEDT—TTF)₂Cu[N(CN)₂]Cl to study the interesting pressure dependent phase transition of this charge-transfer compound. The MMMA results undoubtedly confirm that the substance becomes a superconductor below 12.5 K, if a moderate pressure, e.g. just by embedding the substance in silicon grease during cooling, is applied. At an onset temperature of 25 K an additional microwave absorption is observed, which is about a factor of 100 weaker than the superconducting MMMA signal. We relate this microwave absorption to an antiferromagnetic ordering resulting in weak ferromagnetism by spin-canting occurring at this temperature. The result corresponds to the EPR measurements, where considerable changes in the main EPR parameters, i.e. linewidth, signal amplitude and susceptibility, are observed, giving evidence for an antiferromagnetic ordering below 50 K and a change to weak ferromagnetism below 25 K.     

Kinetic arrest behavior in martensitic transformation of NiCoMnSn metamagnetic shape memory alloy

High-field magnetic measurements were carried out in order to investigate behaviors of field-induced reverse martensitic transformation and kinetic arrest of NiCoMnSn metamagnetic shape memory alloy. In the thermomagnetization curves, it was confirmed that the reverse martensitic transformation temperature decreases 67 K by applying magnetic field of 5 T, while in the magnetic field cooling process under 5 T, martensitic transformation does not occur down to low temperatures. Equilibrium magnetic field, defined from the critical magnetic fields of the metamagnetic evidence in the magnetization curves, exhibits almost constant below about 100 K, suggesting that the entropy change becomes zero, which is considered to cause kinetic arrest behavior.     

Insight into the magnetism of a distorted Kagome lattice,Dy3Ru4Al12, based on polycrystalline studies

The layered compound with distorted Kagome nets, Dy₃Ru₄Al₁₂, was previously reported to undergo antiferromagnetic ordering below (T_N=) 7 K, based on investigations on single crystals. Here, we report the results of our investigation of AC and DC magnetic susceptibility (χ), isothermal remnant magnetization (M_IRM), heat-capacity, magnetocaloric effect and magnetoresistance measurements on polycrystals. The present results reveal that there is an additional magnetic anomaly around 20 K, as though the Néel order is preceded by the formation of ferromagnetic clusters. We attribute this feature to geometric frustration of magnetism. In view of the existence of this phase, the interpretation of the linear-term in the heat-capacity in terms of spin-fluctuations from the Ru 4d band needs to be revisited. Additionally, in the vicinity of T_N, AC χ shows a prominent frequency dependence and, below T_N, M_IRM exhibits a slow decay with time. This raises a question whether the antiferromagnetic structure in this compound is characterized by spin-glass-like dynamics. In contrast to what was reported earlier, there is a change in the sign of the magnetoresistance (MR) at the metamagnetic transition. A butter-fly-shaped (isothermal) MR loop (interestingly spanning over all the four quadrants) is observed at 2 K with distinct evidence for the magnetic phase co-existence phenomenon in zero field after travelling through metamagnetic transition field. The results on polycrystals thus provide additional information about the magnetism of this compound, revealing that the magnetism of this compound is more complex than what is believed, due to geometric frustration intrinsic to Kagome net.     

Step-like and first-order characters of Tb0.2Pr0.8(Fe0.4Co0.6)1.93 with low interstitial carbon content

In this study we report detailed magnetic property of the 4f-3d pseudo-quaternary Tb_0.2Pr_0.8(Fe_0.4Co_0.6)_1.88C_0.05 compound by detailed magnetization measurements. Very sharp magnetization jumps across the antiferromagnetic–ferromagnetic transition are observed below 3.0 K, and the number of jump-like transitions increases with decreasing temperature. The time-dependent magnetic relaxation, field sweep rate and cooling field dependence of magnetization jumps resemble the martensitic scenario. The number and occurrence of magnetization jumps are mainly determined by the competitions between the thermal fluctuation energy, elastic energy and Zeeman energy, and the field-induced antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition at low temperatures is of first-order in nature.     

磁一级相变La(Fe,Si)13基化合物的研究进展

对NaZn13型La(Fe,Si)13化合物在磁性、相变特性及磁熵变规律和制备方法等方面的研究进展进行总结和论述.低Si含量的La(Fe,Si)13化合物具有良好的软磁特性,表现出特殊的磁相变特征:在居里温度处的热诱导一级磁性转变和高于居里温度时的磁场诱导巡游电子变磁性转变,并伴随着巨大的磁熵变和磁致伸缩.随Si含量增高,化合物的这种特殊磁相变特征逐渐减弱,呈现二级相变特征.总结了元素替代和添加对La(Fe,Si)13化合物性能的影响,一定的合金化可以改变居里温度并保持巨大的磁熵变,这对于近室温磁致冷有着重要意义.快速凝固技术的应用解决了化合物合成困难的问题,降低了材料的制造成本,使得NaZn13型La(Fe,Si)13化合物成为最有应用前景的近室温磁致冷工质之一.本文还探讨了这种化合物用做磁致伸缩材料的可能性.