水下航行器冷水机组设计优化研究

溴化锂冷水机组噪声低,运行稳定性高,耗能少,且可减轻二回路海水排热负荷,是水下航行器冷水机组的最佳选择。本文对水下航行器溴化锂冷水机组进行设计优化研究。首先建立溴化锂冷水机组的设计模型,确定机组设计条件,热力设计原理和传热设计原理;然后通过MATLAB编程,对溴化锂冷水机组的设计过程进行计算,确定机组各设备换热面积及机组能效等级;最后根据水下航行器的运行特性,对机组进行优化设计。原名义工况下冷水机组COP为1.2,单位冷量蒸汽耗量为1.39 kg/kWh,为能效3级产品。温湿度独立控制和大温差低温送风技术设计优化后,冷水机组COP分别为1.3和1.25,单位冷量蒸汽耗量分别为1.20 kg/kWh和1.25 kg/kWh,相对优化前分别减少13.7%和10.1%。     

1000MW机组加装真空提高装置后节能效益分析

为了进一步优化1000MW机组真空系统,提高1000MW机组真空,从而降低机组运行能耗,华电国际邹县发电厂先后对2台百万机组真空系统进行了节能改造,加装了真空提高装置,改造后机组凝汽器真空提高0.7kPa以上,机组煤耗下降约1.8g/kWh,机组年节约标准煤6000t以上,创造了良好的经济效益,可为同类型机组的节能技术改造提供参考.     

125MW热电联产湿冷机组带吸收式热泵试验研究

针对带吸收式热泵回收利用循环水余热供热的125MW热电联产湿冷机组进行性能试验,并分析其运行经济性.试验结果表明当全厂发电功率为204.46MW,采暖供热量为221.83MW,其中热泵回收的余热量为49.73MW,全厂试验供电煤耗率为276.0g/kWh.若回收的循环水余热量用于新增市政供热,则与单纯抽汽供热工况相比,供电煤耗率下降33.8g/kWh;若回收循环水余热量排挤原抽汽供热即供热面积一定时,与单纯抽汽供热工况相比,供电煤耗率下降7.3g/kWh.     

泰州电厂二期机组汽轮机冲转中的问题及解决措施

泰州电厂二期2台百万超超临界二次再热机组是我国自主开发研究制造的,其二次再热技术不是20世纪技术的翻版,而是在机组参数、机组容量、系统优化等方面都有了很大的突破。在现有成熟材料技术的基础上,采用二次再热技术并有针对性地进行热力系统的优化,可以在目前600℃等级一次再热超超临界机组基础上大幅度地将发电热效率提高约2～3个百分点,发电煤耗降低约15 g/kWh～16 g/kWh,同时大幅度降低温室气体和污染物排放。该文介绍了我厂二期二次中间再热凝汽式汽轮机的特点,并总结了我厂二期机组调试至今遇到的冲转问题及解决办法。     

300MW锅炉运行诊断及燃烧优化试验研究

针对某300MW锅炉排烟温度高、出力不足、煤耗高、NOx排放量高等诸多问题,进行诊断试验,结合锅炉实际提出整体优化方案,并在改造后对锅炉进行燃烧调整试验,使得锅炉效率提高0.8％,煤耗降低2.2g／kWh,NOx排放量降低381mg／m3,机组的整体经济性和环保性明显提高。     

工业抽汽机组煤耗率异常升高分析及优化

某公司共有2*300MW汽轮机组,正常运行中2台机组均对外供工业抽汽。2019年2月份2号机供电煤耗率大幅度上升,比1号机偏高45 g/kWh,机组经济性降低。通过现场进行诊断、排查,查找了供电煤耗率计算方法错误并进行了修正,分析了2号机设备异常影响供电煤耗率的原因,制定了针对性的运行调整、检修治理和优化改造方案,实施后取得了良好的效果,保证机组经济运行。     

新疆某电厂#1机组排烟余热回收系统的设计与运行

论述了新疆某厂一期锅炉增设烟气余热回收系统（LLHS）降低排烟温度的技术路线及节能效果,提出热系统参数的优化原则及纯凝-供热联合系统切换运行模式。增设LLHS后排烟温度降低不小于25℃。机组年均供电煤耗降低2.56g/kWh（含供热期）,每台锅炉年节省标煤2270t,年节水量4.37万t,减少烟囱内净烟气含水率24%,为脱硫系统正常运行提供了保证。     

KZON-200/400型空分设备简介

介绍了邯郸制氧机厂新设计试制的KZON-200/400型空分设备的流程、特点、技术参数、配套机组和运转情况。已经鉴定,实测氧205.6m~3/h、99.8%O_2;氮423.2m~3/h、50ppmO_2;单位电耗1.036kWh/m~3O_2。图1表1。     

基于深冷技术的液化天然气蒸发气提氦流程优化分析

针对中国宁夏银川某一提氦工厂液化天然气蒸发气(LNG-BOG)提氦液化流程,采用Aspen Hysys构建BOG提氦气系统和氦气液化系统的流程模型,首先分析了BOG提氦气流程中关键参数对能耗设备的影响情况。之后采用遗传算法,以系统单位能耗为目标函数,分别对BOG提氦气系统和氦气液化系统中关键能耗参数进行优化。同时采用■分析方法,分析优化前后氦气液化系统的■效率以及■损失情况。结果表明,BOG提氦气系统和氦气液化系统经优化后系统单位能耗分别为8.351 5 kWh/Nm³和0.751 9 kWh/Nm³,相比优化前分别下降7.09%和14.71%,且氦气液化系统■效率较优化前提高了18.54%,■损失下降12.79%,换热器换热总量约上升2.54%。因此整个系统在优化后单位能耗有所降低,系统运行经济性得到提高。     

低压省煤器技术方案分析

乌海热电厂锅炉投产后存在排烟温度高问题,结合现场实际情况,提出并分析了安装低压省煤器方案,每台机组可降低煤耗3．60g／kWh     

A case study on energy and exergy analyses for an industrial-scale vertical roller mill assisted grinding in cement plant

In this study, the analyses of energy and exergy were implemented for an industrial-scale vertical roller mill (VRM) of Kerman Momtazan Cement Company (KMCC) of Iran. The energy and exergy analyses demonstrated the first law efficiency of the VRM is 62.1%, while the second law efficiency of the VRM is 34.6%. Comparing to the widely applied ball milling, the second law efficiency is 16.4% higher for the VRM than the ball mill. Results also showed when the classifier rotor speed increases from 53 to 65 rpm, the particle size of the product decreases from P_90µm = 18.2% to P_90µm = 10.8%, but the power consumption of the VRM unit increases from 19.7 to 22.3 kWh/t of raw materials. Finally, the power consumption of the VRM unit compared with 14 raw mill units around Iran and the international best available technology (IBAT). The results demonstrated that the VRM unit consumes around 81% (9.75 kWh/t of raw materials), and 36% (5.8 kWh/t of raw materials) more energy to grind raw material than the IBAT unit and domestic best raw mill (DBRM), respectively.     

全低压小型空分设备的开发

介绍全低压低能耗小型空分工艺流程的确定 ,单元设备的设计 ,安全措施 ,运行情况。电耗实测 :产品KDON - 80 / 4 0型为 0 72kWh/m3,KDON - 1 70 / 1 0 0型为 0 6 3kWh/m3。     

Energy and exergy analyses for a cement ball mill of a new generation cement plant and optimizing grinding process: A case study

Nowadays, ball mills are used widely in cement plants to grind clinker and gypsum to produce cement. In this work, the energy and exergy analyses of a cement ball mill (CBM) were performed and some measurements were carried out in an existing CBM in a cement plant to improve the efficiency of the grinding process. The first and second laws efficiency of the CBM was specified to be 80.5% and 19.9%, respectively. The electrical energy consumption of the CBM unit was specified to be 37.9 kWh/t. The effects of ball charge pattern, cement fineness and two additive materials (limestone and pozzolan) on the performance of the CBM unit and the quality of cement were investigated. The first and second laws efficiency of the CBM increased (81.8% and 20.6%) and the electrical energy consumption of CBM unit decreased (36.5 kWh/t) after modifying the ball charge pattern. Also, the results demonstrated that cement production rate increases (185–224 t/h) and the electrical consumption decreases (41.1–33.1 kWh/t) when cement fineness decreases (3250 –2820 cm²/g). However, the cement compressive strength (3, 7 and 28 days) decreases and the cement setting time (initial and final) increases by reducing the cement fineness. Besides, when the clinker was replaced by limestone or pozzolan, on the one side, the efficiency of the first and second laws of the CBM unit was increased, but on the other side the cement compressive strength was decreased and the cement setting time was increased.     

基于能耗最低的挤出机温度控制

目的研究挤出机的温度对流涎薄膜生产质量的影响。方法针对流延机组挤出机料筒温度控制具有时变、非线性及大时滞等特性,以单螺杆挤出机为对象,利用PID神经元网络较强的解耦能力,并根据料筒内物料温度变化特点,提出一种分区比例控制方法,设计分区比例式PID神经元网络控制器,最后通过仿真和实验方法对其进行验证。结果分区比例式PID神经元网络控制器的阶跃信号超调量为5.9%,脉冲干扰稳定时间为162.8 s,正常生产时电耗为12.04 k Wh。传统PID控制器的阶跃信号超调量为16.4%,脉冲干扰稳定时间为192.4 s,正常生产时的电耗为13.42 k Wh。结论分区比例式PID神经元网络温度控制系统控制精度高,且优化了料桶内物料温度上升曲线,使系统单位产量的能耗得到了有效降低。     

Seasonal performance of a central air conditioner in Dhahran,Saudi Arabia. A computer simulation studyPerformance saisonnière d'un conditionneur d'air central de Dhahran,Arabie Saoudite. Simulation par ordinateur

Seasonal performance of four standard, residential-sized, central air conditioners in a typical hot and humid climate of Gulf environment was measured. A computer model was developed to stimulate the residential building cooling loads and the resulting seasonal energy consumption. For an average 100 m² residence located in Dhahran, equipped with a 17.6 kW air conditioner, simulations show a consumption of ≈22200 kWh of electricity for space cooling over 2600 operation hours, this being within 13% of the measured value. The seasonal performance of three lower capacity (10.5, 12.3 and 14.0 kW) air conditioners for the same duty was also predicted. With the 14.0 kW capacity unit the electricity consumption is reduced by ≈ kWh and can satisfy the load for 96.6% of the time. The smallest (10.5kW) of the four systems can supply the house cooling load for only ≈78% of the time with a seasonal energy consumption of 17 350 kWh.     

An energy flow analysis in a paper-based industry

Industrial sector is the largest user of energy in India and many parts of the world. More than half of the total energy is used in industries to operate various energy-using machineries. Energy conservation is a cost-effective approach in any energy optimization program that can be implemented in industrial activities. Energy-intensive industries in developing economies offer significant energy-saving potential owing to the technology gap as well as lower operating efficiency. A detailed energy flow analysis was conducted in a paper carton manufacturing unit in India to quantify the energy-saving potential. The study revealed that the compressed air leakage is responsible for about 50% of the total energy loss. The specific electrical and thermal energy consumption was estimated and found to be 91.85?kWh/ton and 1,619?MJ/ton of biomass, respectively. Annual energy saving potential was found to be 5.9% of the total annual energy consumption. The cost of DG power is found to be 389% higher than the grid power. The share of self-generated DG power is estimated to be 41% of the total power consumed. Electrical energy intensity of the plant could be reduced by 6.36% implementing energy conservation measures proposed in this study.     

Seasonal performance of a central air conditioner in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. A computer simulation study

Seasonal performance of four standard, residential-sized, central air conditioners in a typical hot and humid climate of Gulf environment was measured. A computer model was developed to stimulate the residential building cooling loads and the resulting seasonal energy consumption. For an average 100 m² residence located in Dhahran, equipped with a 17.6 kW air conditioner, simulations show a consumption of ≈22200 kWh of electricity for space cooling over 2600 operation hours, this being within 13% of the measured value. The seasonal performance of three lower capacity (10.5, 12.3 and 14.0 kW) air conditioners for the same duty was also predicted. With the 14.0 kW capacity unit the electricity consumption is reduced by ≈ kWh and can satisfy the load for 96.6% of the time. The smallest (10.5kW) of the four systems can supply the house cooling load for only ≈78% of the time with a seasonal energy consumption of 17 350 kWh.