一种适用于无线网络的流媒体传输机制

为保证无线网络中多媒体数据的传输质量,提出了一种适用于无线网络的流媒体传输机制（WMTCC）。该机制通过发送探测报文区分网络拥塞丢包和链路误码随机丢包,准确判断网络的拥塞状况,实施发送速率调节,保证了流媒体服务质量(QoS)。由于准确区分出无线链路误码丢包,该机制在链路误码率较高时能维持较高的网络吞吐量。仿真实验结果显示在高误码率无线网络中,该机制可以获得更高的吞吐量和更大的拥塞窗口,并且发送速率的变化更加平滑。     

基于Fuzzy丢包区分的TCP拥塞控制算法

针对传统传输控制协议(TCP)应用于异构网络的局限性,在研究灰色关联度基础上,分析网络参数,提出一种基于往返延迟抖动积区分丢包的TCP-N算法.根据测得的往返延迟抖动积构建隶属函数,区分无线误码丢包和网络拥塞丢包,并依据隶属度进行相应的拥塞控制.仿真实验结果表明,与传统TCP协议相比,TCP-N算法在异构网络中能够较准确地区分无线误码丢包和网络拥塞丢包,提高带宽利用率和吞吐量.     

一种与IPSec兼容的基于有线/无线混合网络的TCP性能优化机制

传统的TCP协议,假设丢包都是由网络拥塞造成的,这不适用于错误丢包比拥塞丢包更容易发生的无线链路,而且现有的很多改进方案无法用于加密通讯中.在分析现有改进算法的基础上,提出一种适用于有线/无线混合网络IPSec兼容的端到端的优化机制.通过接收端数据包到达时间间隔的变化累积来判断无线链路的状况,用ACK标记ELN通知发送端,避免不必要的拥塞控制而导致性能下降.通过NS2仿真实验表明该机制能有效提高TCP传输性能还与现有的安全机制兼容.     

基于TCP友好的无线网络拥塞控制机制研究

网络实时多媒体业务的广泛应用对传统传输层协议提出了新的挑战:拥塞控制机制的缺乏使得UDP严重抢占TCP应用的共享带宽,从而降低网络的公平性,甚至导致网络拥塞.针对无线网络的高误码特性,将传输延时抖动引入到TFRC控制机制中,提出了一种基于速率控制的TCP友好拥塞控制算法TFRC-JI.该算法基于传输延时抖动有效区分无线链路的拥塞和误码,并以此反馈至发送端,实现不同的速率控制机制.实验结果表明,与传统的TFRC相比,改进的TFRC-JI在保持对TCP业务友好性的同时实现了链路的高效使用,并降低了传输时延抖动,从而较好地适应多协议共存的无线网络实时业务传输.     

基于模糊综合评判的网络认知模型

针对传统传输控制协议(TCP)应用于异构网络的局限性,提出了一种基于模糊综合评判的网络认知模型。该模型通过建立隶属度函数和不同网络环境下的动态权重分布,运用模糊综合评判的方法来区分无线误码丢包和网络拥塞丢包。仿真实验证明：与传统TCP协议相比,该模型在不同的网络条件下,能够较准确地区分无线误码丢包和网络拥塞丢包,提高了TCP的吞吐量,改善了网络性能。     

一种丢包区分方法及其在Linux下的实现

针对传统拥塞控制机制在无线链路丢包的情况下出现的盲目降低拥塞窗口、TCP吞吐量下降的问题,研究无线/有线混合环境下基于该机制的一种丢包区分方法——WECN,在Linux操作系统下进行实现。搭建混合网络实验床仿真WECN与TCP Reno, TCP Westwood 2种协议相结合的网络模型。测试结果表明,WECN能扩展到已有的TCP协议中,提高含无线链路网络中TCP的吞吐量。     

基于ECN与ELN提高无线网络TCP性能的方法

在有线网络中,TCP认为网络中分组丢失的原因只是拥塞,并调用相应的拥塞控制算法,减小发送速率。但是在无线网络中,由于传输链路的不可靠性,分组丢失的另一个主要原因是误码,如果不对这两种丢包情况加以区分,都采取拥塞控制,会无效地降低网络吞吐量。通过综合底层反馈机制ECN和ELN来显式通知上层,明确告知分组丢失的原因是由拥塞还是链路故障引起的,并根据反馈信息给出具体解决丢包措施,以最大程度来增强无线网络性能。     

LTE中基于协作AODV协议的拥塞控制机制研究

针对LTE网络已有的拥塞控制算法无法适应分布式网络拓扑和复杂的网络环境以及自身效率低、开销大等问题,分析了LTE网络无线信道质量对AODV协议性能的影响,建立了基于路径损耗门限值的协同合作方式下的AODV路由机制,在此基础上,提出了一种基于队列长度和跳数的拥塞控制策略,分别通过LTE网络链路级仿真实验验证了改进后的基于协作路由协议的无线TCP拥塞控制机制的性能。数学分析和仿真结果表明,所提协作拥塞控制机制与传统的TCP拥塞控制机制相比,在平均丢包数、队列长度抖动、时延、时延抖动和吞吐率等方面均具有良好的性能。     

基于Wardrop均衡的DSR路由协议研究

动态源路由协议(Dynamic Source Routing Protocol,DSR)是无线Ad Hoc网络中比较典型的一种按需路由协议。DSR路由协议没有针对链路上数据拥塞问题的调控机制,容易造成链路上局部拥塞,从而导致链路传输速率降低,丢包率、时延增大等问题的出现。本文引入Wardrop均衡理论,提出W-DSR(Wardrop-DSR)路由算法,能够有效的减轻链路局部拥塞问题。实验表明,W-DSR路由算法的性能与DSR路由协议相比较有较大的提高。     

基于CTCP的动态调整拥塞控制算法

空间网络具有传播延时长、信道丢包率高等特点,使得传统的地面路由协议TCP协议难以适应于空间网络。CTCP是一种结合网络编码技术的新型传输协议,实验表明在高丢包率的空间网络环境中的性能要优于传统的TCP协议。但由于CTCP的拥塞控制方式类似于TCP-Reno,拥塞窗口的调整是静态设定的,使得CTCP的拥塞控制机制在多变复杂的空间网络环境效果并不理想。本文提出一种基于CTCP的动态调整拥塞控制算法H-CTCP,通过对空间网络中的可用带宽进行实时估算,动态设定拥塞窗口。实验证明,改进后的拥塞控制算法更能适应高丢包率的空间网络环境,大大提高CTCP的传输性能。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。