Sn对AZ61镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过合金制备、微观分析和力学性能测试等方法研究了Sn对AZ61镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,当加入Sn后,在铸态及热处理态合金中均发现了球形颗粒状的Mg2Sn相;0.5%的Sn可以明显提高合金在20℃、150℃、175℃的抗拉强度.合金力学性能的提高一方面是固溶强化,另一方面是高熔点的Mg2Sn相的弥散强化.     

Y、Gd与Ca对AZ81镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过合金制备、微观分析和力学性能测试等方法研究了Y、Gd与Ca对AZ81镁合金组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,适量合金元素的加入使AZ81镁合金的组织明显细化,β(Mg17Al12)相减少,同时析出了针状和粒状的化合物Al2Y和Al2Ca.经时效处理后,随着合金元素含量的增加,从室温到175 ℃时,合金的强度和伸长率基本上呈先升后降的趋势.当Y、Gd与Ca总含量为2.1%时,合金在室温和175 ℃下的抗拉强度达到最大,分别为230 MPa和160 MPa.Y、Gd与Ca主要是通过细晶强化、固溶强化和弥散强化提高了镁合金的室温和高温强度.     

铸态Mg-5Sn-(0～3)Sr合金的组织和性能

利用SEM、EDS和XRD等研究了Mg-5Sn-xSr(x=0、0.3、1.0、1.5、2.0、3.0)镁合金的铸态显微组织,测试和分析了合金的室温力学性能.同时研究了Mg-5Sn-xSr合金在载荷为35 MPa和温度为175℃下的蠕变性能.结果表明,Sr的加入使得Mg-5Sn合金中生成一种新的MgSnSr耐热相,其形貌呈棒状和针状,随着Sr含量的增加,MgSnSr相的数量逐渐增多而MgzSn相的数量却逐渐减少.少量的Sr能细化晶粒,同时由于MgSnSr相的弥散强化作用,使得Mg-5Sn合金的室温力学性能得到改善,其中Sr含量为0.3%时,合金具有最优室温力学性能,抗拉强度达到165 MPa,伸长率达到10.4%;并且Sr含量的增加能不断改善Mg-5Sn合金的耐热性能,当Sr含量达到3%时,合金的稳态蠕变速率降低近50%.     

Mg-5wt％Sn合金铸态和时效态的高温蠕变性能

通过压缩蠕变试验研究了铸态和时效态(T6)Mg-5wt%Sn合金在应力为25MPa,温度为150、175和200℃下的高温蠕变性能,并测试了室温拉伸性能.结果表明,时效处理后的压蠕变性能有很大的提高,时效态合金室温抗拉强度也有明显改善.时效态合金高温压缩蠕变性能的提高和室温强度的改善与Mg2Sn弥散析出强化有关.     

Pb-Sn对压铸AZ81镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

向AZ81镁合金中分别加入0.5%Pb、0.5%Pb+0.5%Sn、0.5%Pb+1.0%Sn合金元素并压铸成型,研究了各成分合金的微观组织和室温、180℃力学性能。结果表明:AZ81-0.5Pb-1.0Sn中存在多边形Mg2Sn,主要分布在晶界;同时,Pb和Sn元素的加入在一定程度上减少了晶界上Mg17Al12的数量,有助于提高镁合金的耐中高温性能;室温下,压铸AZ81-0.5Pb-(0,0.5,1.0)Sn合金抗拉强度和屈服强度随着Sn含量的增加而提高,压铸AZ81-0.5Pb-1.0Sn的抗拉强度为211 MPa、屈服强度为150.5MPa;180℃下,随着Sn含量的增加,抗拉强度和屈服强度均提高,压铸AZ81-0.5Pb-1.0Sn抗拉强度值为200.5 MPa、屈服强度为145.2 MPa;添加元素Pb+Sn使压铸AZ81的180℃断裂机制由塑性断裂向脆性断裂转变。     

稀土Sm对5086铝合金组织和性能的影响

以5086合金为基础,通过加入稀土元素Sm进行合金化,以期获得室温和高温力学性能优良的耐热铝合金。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、电子拉伸试验机等多种分析和测试手段,系统研究了稀土元素Sm对5086合金显微组织及室温和高温力学性能的影响。结果表明,适量稀土元素Sm的加入能够改善5086合金的显微组织,提高其力学性能。随着Sm含量的增加,合金的强度和伸长率先升高后降低,且当Sm的加入量为1.5%时,不论是在室温（20℃）,还是在高温（150℃、175℃）,合金的抗拉强度和伸长率都能取得最大值。     

Sr含量对Mg-7Sn-4Al-2Zn合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

采用OM、SEM、XRD、DTA和材料力学性能试验机研究了Sr含量对Mg-7Sn-4Al-2Zn-xSr(x=0,1,2,3,4,5)合金组织、相组成、熔化行为、常温和高温力学性能的影响。结果表明:铸态Mg-7Sn-4Al-2Zn合金主要由α-Mg、Mg_2Sn以及β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相组成。加入适量的Sr后,合金中形成了弥散分布的SnMgSr相并细化了组织。当Sr含量为3wt%时,合金表现出最佳的常温和高温力学性能,合金的室温抗拉强度和伸长率分别为197 MPa和5.6%;合金的高温(200℃)抗拉强度和伸长率分别为173 MPa和8.6%。合金的常、高温力学性能的提高主要归因于晶粒细化和第二相弥散强化。     

Sn微合金化对Mg-Zn-RE-Zr合金组织及性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、电子探针、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪及电子万能拉伸实验机等设备研究、分析了Sn的微合金化对Mg-Zn-RE-Zr镁合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:由于Sn的加入,合金组织中出现弥散分布球状颗粒相Mg2Sn,具有沉淀弥散强化作用,改善了合金的组织,提高了合金的力学性能.并且当Sn添加量为0.5%时合金的力学性能最佳:抗拉强度达到207 MPa,伸长率达到16.9%.     

Sm对AZ31镁合金力学性能的影响

以AZ31镁合金为基础,通过加入稀土元素Sm(钐)进行合金化,以获得室温和高温力学性能优良的耐热镁合金。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、电子拉伸试验机等多种分析和测试手段,较为系统地研究了稀土元素Sm对AZ31镁合金显微组织及室温和高温力学性能的影响。结果表明,适量的稀土元素Sm的加入能够改善AZ31镁合金的显微组织,提高其力学性能。随着钐含量的增加,合金的强度和伸长率先升高后降低,且当w(Sm)=1.5%时,不论是在室温(20℃)还是在高温(150℃、175℃),合金的抗拉强度和伸长率取得最大值。在稀土元素Sm的加入量一定时,合金的抗拉强度随温度的升高而降低。     

Ca含量对AZ91-2Sm镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和电子万能材料实验机,研究了Ca含量(0%～2.4wt%)对AZ91-2Sm镁合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,适量Ca的加入能细化AZ91-2Sm合金的晶粒,改善合金的组织;同时合金中出现高熔点、稳定性好的亮白色的块状Al2Sm和沿Mg17Al12相分布的Al2Ca相。在室温和高温(150、175℃)下,合金的抗拉强度和伸长率均随Ca含量的变化而变化,其中当w (Ca)=1.6%时,抗拉强度相比AZ91-2Sm增加了15.48%(室温)、8.03%(150℃)、2.66%(175℃),伸长率提高了32.86%(室温)、22.72%(175℃),但在150℃时伸长率相比AZ91-2Sm的下降8.78%。     

Sn对Mg-6Al-1.2Y-0.9Nd镁合金组织和耐蚀性能的影响

用静态失重法、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜等方法研究了不同含量的Sn对Mg-6Al-1.2Y-0.9Nd镁合金的微观组织以及在3.5%NaCl腐蚀介质中的腐蚀速率和表面腐蚀形貌的影响。结果表明,添加1%Sn 时,合金的晶粒得到了明显的细化,组织和成分更加均匀;当Sn含量大于1%时,合金的析出相增多,并出现粗化、偏聚的趋势。在NaCl溶液中,合金的腐蚀速率均随着Sn含量的增加呈现先降低后增加的趋势,其中当Sn含量为1%时合金的腐蚀速率均达到最低,耐蚀性能得到明显地改善。     

Effects of Sb,Sm, and Sn additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-6Al-1.2Y-0.9Nd alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-6Al-1.2Y-0.9Nd magnesium alloy with Sb, Sm, or Sn addition were investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that small amounts of Sb, Sm, and especially Sn can refine the grains of the alloy. High melting point Sb₃Y₅, Al₂Sm, and Nd₅Sn₃ intermetallic compounds can be formed respectively when Sb, Sm, and Sn are added to the alloy. Sb and Sm can improve the tensile strength of the alloy at ambient and elevated temperatures. The tensile strength of the alloy with Sm addition is the highest at 293 and 423 K. However, the tensile strength of the alloy with Sn addition is the highest at 448 K.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-6Al magnesium alloy with yttrium and neodymium

The effects of rare earth (RE) elements Y and Nd on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-6Al magnesium alloy were investigated. The results show that a proper level of RE elements can obviously refine the microstructure of Mg-6Al magnesium alloys, reduce the quantity of/β-Mg17Al12 phase and form Al2Y and AI2Nd phases. The combined addition of Y and Nd dramatically enhances the tensile strength of the alloys in the temperature range of 20-175℃. When the content of RE elements is up to 1.8%, the values of tensile strength at room temperature and at 150℃ simultaneously reach their maximum of 253 MPa and 196 MPa, respectively.The main mechanisms of enhancement in the mechanical properties of Mg-6Al alloy with Y and Nd are the grain refining strengthening and the dispersion strengthening.     

Sm对Mg-6Al-1.2Y-0.9Nd合金组织和性能的影响

采用XRD、OM、SEM和EDS等手段研究Sm对Mg-6Al-1.2Y-0.9Nd合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,合金中加入Sm后,Sm优先与A1形成高熔点Al2Sm弥散颗粒质点,当Sm含量(1.5%～2.0%)较高时,合金内出现针状Mg12Nd相。在研究范围内,随Sm含量的增加,合金的常温和高温力学性能略有升高然后降低;而合金的延伸率呈现不断降低的趋势。合金的拉伸断口为具有塑性特征的准解理断裂。     

Nd对铸态及轧制态Mg-Zn-Y合金组织及性能的影响

在Mg-3.5Zn-0.6Y合金中添加不同含量(0、0.4%、0.8%、1.2%)的稀土元素Nd,研究其对Mg-3.5Zn-0.6Y合金铸态及轧制态显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加0.4%、0.8%的Nd的合金晶粒较细小,呈等轴晶,并且含有Mg41Nd5和Mg24Y5相。镁合金在热轧时第二相被破碎,晶粒变得更加细小。铸态合金经400℃×12h扩散退火,轧制态合金经400℃×0.5h退火后抗拉强度及伸长率最大,分别为234MPa、14.6%和265MPa、11.7%。     

Fluidity,Microstructure, and Tensile Properties of Sub-rapidly Solidified Mg-6Al-4Zn-xSn(x=0,0.6,1.2,1.8) Alloy

In this paper, the infl uence of the Sn element on the melt viscosity, grain size, shrinkage, and tensile properties of the subrapidly solidified Mg-6Al-4Zn alloy was studied. The results showed that the melt viscosity of the Mg-6Al-4Zn alloy was greatly decreased because of the addition of Sn. As the content of Sn increased from 0 to 1.8 wt.%, the grain size of the alloy was refined, and the dendrite microstructure was changed to rose-shaped ones simultaneously. The decreased melt viscosity and refined microstructure were conductive to the feeding of melt, which contributed to the reduction in volume fraction of shrinkage. The volume fraction of shrinkage of the Mg-6Al-4Zn-1.2 Sn alloy was reduced by 30.8%, compared with that of the alloy without Sn addition. Tensile properties of the Mg-6Al-4Zn-x Sn alloys were increased firstly and then decreased with the augmented Sn content. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation of the alloy containing 1.2 wt.% Sn were 21.4%, 39.5%, and 259.0% higher than those of the alloy without Sn addition, respectively. The addition of Sn was considered to reduce the shrinkage of the sub-rapidly solidified Mg-6Al-4Zn magnesium alloy and thus improved its tensile properties. To identify the mechanism, the effect of Sn on the volume fraction of shrinkage was discussed from three aspects of melt viscosity, grain refinement, and volume fraction of eutectic phases.     

Nd对Mg-6Al铸态合金拉伸性能的影响

研究Nd对Mg-6Al铸态合金拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：室温和175 ℃下,Mg-6Al-xNd(x=0,2,4,6,质量分数, 下同)合金的屈服强度随Nd含量增加而增加,在6.0%Nd时达到最大;抗拉强度和延伸率在4.0%Nd时达到最大,当Nd含量上升至6.0%时,两者均有少量下降。组织分析表明,Nd在Mg-6Al中以针状Al11Nd3和多边形状Al2Nd相存在,其中前者含量明显高于后者,为主要析出相。Al11Nd3相析出于枝晶界和晶界,有效细化了枝晶间距和晶粒度。通过建立软硬体复合模型对合金拉伸过程进行力学分析,并结合拉伸断口观察,综合认为Mg-6Al-xNd合金拉伸性能的提高主要归结于Al11Nd3相引起的细晶强化和第二相强化作用。Nd含量达到6.0%时合金抗拉强度和延伸率出现少量下降,主要归结于大块脆性相Al2Nd含量的增加     

Microstructure and strengthening mechanisms of Mg-6Al-6Nd alloy

The microstructure and strengthening mechanisms of as-cast Mg-6Al-6Nd alloy were studied. The results show that the addition of 6 wt.% Nd into Mg-6Al alloy leads to the precipitation of Al11Nd3 and Al2Nd phases and decrease in the content of Al solid soluted in Mg-Al matrix. The volume fractions of Al11Nd3 and Al2Nd phases are 3.64% and 0.34%, respectively. Compared with Mg-6Al alloy, the ultimate strength, yielding strength, and elongation of Mg-6Al-6Nd alloy at room temperature and 175°C are enhanced in some degrees. The strengthening mechanisms of Mg-6Al-6Nd alloy are mainly composed of solid solution strengthening of Al solid soluted in Mg-Al matrix and grain refinement strengthening, dispersion strengthening, and composite strengthening brought by the precipitation of Al11Nd3 phase. The composite strengthening includes the load transfer from the matrix to Al11Nd3 phase and the enhancement of dislocation density due to the geometrical mismatch and thermal mismatch between the matrix and Al11Nd3 phase.     

时效前冷变形对Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金组织及力学性能的影响

对热轧态Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金进行固溶+时效和固溶+冷轧+时效处理,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和万能力学试验机等研究了各状态合金的微观组织及力学性能。结果表明,冷轧可使饱和Al-Zn固溶体分解,并动态析出Zn相,同时冷轧还促使合金晶粒细化以及位错增殖。人工时效可使合金内析出高密度η′相,而冷轧所导致的高密度位错促进了析出过程并加速了η′相向η相的转变。时效前冷轧可明显优化Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金的力学性能,Al-15Zn-0.5Mg-0.5Sc合金经固溶+冷轧+70 ℃人工时效后,其屈服强度和极限抗拉强度分别为413和462 MPa,其强化机理包括细晶强化、位错强化和析出强化。而120 ℃时效会加速位错湮灭,从而削弱位错强化效果。     

含钪Al-9.0Zn-2.5Mg-1.2Cu-0.15Zr合金铸态组织与力学性能

采用铸锭冶金法制备了Al-9.0Zn-2.5Mg-1.2Cu-0.15Zr、Al-9.0Zn-2.5Mg-1.2Cu-0.12Sc-0.15Zr和Al-9.0Zn-2.5Mg-1.2Cu-0.20Sc-0.15Zr三种合金,采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜,研究了三种合金铸态及不同热处理状态下的显微组织,测试了不同热处理状态下合金的力学性能。结果表明,Sc含量增加可以提高Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金的抗拉强度和伸长率,Al-9.0Zn-2.5Mg-1.2Cu-0.15Zr-0.20Sc经固溶和T6处理后,抗拉强度达到774.6 MPa,伸长率为8.3%。其作用机理主要为Sc含量增加,使合金中Al(3 Sc,Zr)引起的细晶强化、亚结构强化和弥散强化更进一步加强。