应用海水热泵系统存在的问题及解决措施

论述了海水热泵取、排水口置及管道敷设、海水的腐蚀性、冬季海水温度过低等问题对应用海水热泵的影响,探讨了解决问题的主要措施,提出了适合海水热泵的冷凝器（夏）或蒸发器（冬）型式。     

滚齿机热误差补偿技术研究

通过对滚齿机的热误差源进行综合分析及温度测点的优化布置,充分利用齿轮加工过程中测得的误差数据,采用最小二乘法建立了滚齿机的热误差数学模型,研制了滚齿机热误差补偿的硬件系统,利用该系统在Y3150K型滚齿机上进行了误差补偿实验,实验结果表明,实施热误差补偿后,齿轮加工精度提高2级以上,补偿效果明显。     

往复运动Y形密封圈温度场的结构优化

通过使用ANSYS软件对往复运动Y形密封圈的温度场进行仿真研究,通过对Y形密封圈增加散热孔而改善密封圈的温度场分布,对Y形密封圈结构进行了优化和受力分析,对优化后的Y形密封圈做了相应的结构应力学分析,降低了密封圈最高温度。比较了不同散热孔径的大小对密封圈等效应力的影响,分析了温度场对密封圈密封性能和使用寿命的影响,得到了优化后的Y形密封圈的温度场分布,保证了密封圈的密封性能并且密封圈温度场得到改善,达到了降低温升的效果。     

立方体层合瓦楞复合纸板的三向静态压缩性能研究

为考察瓦楞复合纸板方向对所制作的层合结构柱脚静态压缩性能的影响,制作了重叠式和交错式两种立方体结构,采用平压性能测试方法从两种结构的三个方向分别进行了测试。研究结果表明:重叠式和交错式层合结构的压缩性能在Z向上大于X和Y向约15%,而两种不同的层合方式在X和Y向上的压缩性能差别并不是特别明显,而且在两个方向上若纸板被压溃会发生面纸剥离导致的层合结构分解。总体上交错式Z向瓦楞复合纸板更适合于作为托盘的柱脚结构。     

基于Fluent 的管壳式换热器数值模拟及优化

文中针对当前管壳式换热器结构特点及特性,提出了T型折流板和Y型折流板2种新的折流板结构.利用ANSYS Workbench平台,创建了T型折流板和Y型折流板管壳式换热器的几何模型及有限元模型.同时,利用Fluent分析了换热器在不同流体入口速度下的壳程流动及换热性能.针对Y型折流板管壳式换热器,研究了折流板侧板夹角对Y型折流板换热器壳程换热性能的影响.利用DesignExploration多目标优化工具,对T型折流板的结构参数进行了优化.     

空铁Y形立柱金属结构多层轻量化设计

空铁作为新型交通方式得到了迅速发展,为实现空铁线路中Y形立柱金属结构的轻量化设计,对线路中的Y形立柱进行了参数化建模,并充分考虑其结构刚度、强度及支腿稳定性对线路安全性的影响,利用ANSYS有限元分析软件分别运用零阶优化方法与多层优化设计方法对Y形立柱金属结构进行优化设计。由优化结果可知,在满足设计要求下,与优化前相比采用零阶优化方法与多层优化设计方法的金属结构重量分别减轻了11.3%和13.8%,在支腿稳定性校核中分别降低了12.1%和24.4%,使结构更加趋于安全。综上所述,多层优化设计方法更适合对Y型立柱进行优化,基本满足降低金属结构重量,提高支腿稳定性的要求。     

沥青搅拌楼振动筛改进设计

针对目前直线振动筛分辨效率不高、实用性不强的缺点,对LB 2000型直线振动筛的工作原理进行了研究,在此基础上结合实践经验对筛网布置及筛层角度的布置进行改进设计,得出了合理的筛网布置及筛层角度布置。实践证明改进后的LB2000型直线振动筛筛分效率高、使用性强、结构优化、成本低。     

基于ANSYS的Y形圈温度场分析

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS研究20 t挖掘机铲斗油缸用Y形圈在一个往复运动周期内、不同热源作用下的温度分布;采用控制变量法分析各因素(介质压力、往复运动速度、介质温度等)对Y形圈温度场的影响。结果表明:只考虑摩擦生热时,最高温度出现在Y形圈密封唇口处,考虑机械滞后生热时,最高温度出现在Y形圈根部较厚的部位,且在一定环境温度下摩擦生热对Y形圈最高温度的影响较大;相比于介质压力,活塞杆往复运动速度对Y形圈最高温度的影响更为显著,在只考虑机械滞后生热时,油液温度对Y形圈最高温度的影响较大,介质压力和往复速度对Y形圈最高温度的影响较小。     

水介质单体液压支柱Y型密封圈的CAE优化分析

介绍了水介质单体液压支柱采用的密封元件———Y型密封圈的结构与成型;针对注射成型过程中Y型密封圈出现的主要成型缺陷———缩痕,分析了其产生的原因,提出了解决措施;运用Moldflow对Y型密封圈的注射成型过程进行CAE分析;从改进注射成型工艺参数和模具结构2个方面着手,提出3种优化方案进行CAE优化分析,并将所得之最优方案付诸于实际成型过程。依据最优方案成型的Y型密封圈其缺陷得以消除,符合水介质单体液压支柱对密封元件的要求。     

基于免疫算法的全断面岩石掘进机刀盘滚刀布局设计理论研究

全断面岩石隧道掘进机(TBM)刀盘滚刀布局对掘进性能有显著影响。文中针对滚刀受力与刀盘滚刀布局方法进行分析,针对刀盘径向载荷最小、刀盘倾覆力矩最小、质量分布均匀、破岩差异量最小4个优化目标进行层次分析法加权统一,建立了刀盘滚刀布局优化模型,采用具有非退化优势的免疫算法对刀盘滚刀布局进行了优化设计。以大伙房隧道的刀盘模型为工程实例,利用刀盘滚刀布局优化模型对MB264-311TBM型掘进机滚刀的优化布置进行了实践,针对米字型、螺旋线型破岩协调耦合布局及不具有耦合关系的随机型滚刀布局分别进行优化计算,优化效果显著。其中,随机型滚刀布置的优化结果明显减小了刀盘径向载荷与倾覆力矩,优化程度高达91.475%,提出基于随机型滚刀布局方式的TBM刀盘布局设计新理论。在兼顾刀盘的非性能指标约束条件下,该布局理论对于提升滚刀破岩效率、提高刀盘刀具的使用寿命具有重要的工程应用价值。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.