三参数区间交叉效率DEA评价方法

基于交叉效率概念,遵循自评与互评相结合的原则,提出三参数区间交叉效率DEA评价方法。运用不同的赋权策略,获得用最优效率值、最劣效率值和最可能效率值描述的决策单元三参数区间交叉效率值。该效率值能更全面合理地反映决策单元效率值可能的取值情况和实际评价问题的特点,利用三角模糊数期望值排序方法可以对该效率值进行比较排序。算例说明该方法具有可行性和有效性。     

基于混合改进TOPSIS的装备供应商选择方法

针对评价值为混合信息、专家权重未知的装备供应商选择问题,提出一种新的供应商选择决策方法。将语义评价信息转化为有犹豫度差异的直觉模糊数,根据专家评价犹豫度和相似度确定专家权重,并利用混合改进TOPSIS方法集结评价值,克服了数据类型的不可公度性,使评价结果更为客观。算例表明该方法具有良好的稳定性和合理性,同时考虑了专家评价差异性和不确定性对排序结果的影响,能够为装备采购决策提供有效参考。     

考虑决策信息变化的多属性群决策方法研究

动态变化的实际决策环境使得决策者的决策偏好发生变化,进而使决策者在不同时间点的决策信息发生变化,从而影响决策结果。因此,考虑决策者信息变化的多属性群决策问题是一个值得关注的问题。进而提出了考虑决策信息变化的多属性群决策方法,以获得更加符合实际的评价结果。首先,基于专家共识最大化的原则,根据专家对决策单元属性的评价信息构建非线性规划模型求解专家权重,根据专家对决策单元属性评价信息的变化调整专家权重;其次,基于结构熵权法,根据专家对属性的排序信息确定属性权重,根据专家对属性重要性排序的变化调整属性权重,采用EDAS方法对决策单元进行排序。最后,采用供应商评价的算例验证了所提出方法的可靠性及有效性。     

基于DEA的汽车工业企业投资有效性分析

运用数据包络分析方法，建立了我国主要汽车制造企业投资相对有效性的评价模型。该模型测算了各企业的总体效率、纯技术效率、纯规模效率及其规模效益状况，并且利用“投影”分析，对非DEA有效的决策单元(DMU)的投入产出值进行了调整，使之达到相对有效。文章进而结合DEA改进值，对非DEA有效的企业提出使其达到DEA有效的可行措施，同时分析了企业经营效率与资源配置效率之间的关系，为企业管理者进行科学决策提供依据和参考。     

基于DEA的电子废弃物回收点选址

逆向物流网络设计中的回收点选址决策是一个多目标决策问题,涉及成本和回收率等多种目标.现有研究大都基于距离或成本等单一目标,以回收点为研究对象,建立非线性的混合整数规划模型,设计复杂的算法完成相应的选址决策.从实际问题出发,基于DEA理论,改变现有研究方法中以回收点为研究对象的传统思维,以决策方案为决策单元建立相应的回收点选址决策的DEA模型,大大简化了计算的复杂性.最后,采用一个算例分析说明了所提方法的合理性和优越性.     

考虑不完全语义信息的风险型供应商选择方法

考虑供应商选择中决策者的风险态度,提出了一种考虑不完全语义决策信息的风险型供应商选择方法。结合二元语义模型和D数获取并处理决策者给出的不确定性和不完全的供应商评价信息,基于D数信息融合模型获取集结后的群决策信息。基于累积前景理论对候选供应商进行评价,考虑市场竞争获取前景价值函数,基于综合前景值最大化优化模型获得的指标权重对供应商进行排序。最后以挖掘机救援与现场维修服务供应商的评价与选择为例,验证了所提方法的有效性。     

含偏好的DEA方法在石油企业评价中的应用

将DEA方法应用于石油企业管理,使用含有偏好的DEA方法,可以反映决策者对决策单元输入输出调整比率的偏好,本文使用这一方法对石油企业进行了有效的评价,并通过确定合理的权重寻找到满意的投影点,可以为管理者提供能为其接受的改进工作目标。     

基于DEA灵敏度分析的物流系统综合评价研究

首先针对多目标系统建立了评价模型,将DEA和交叉系数矩阵法相结合,对模型进行求解,对所有的决策单元进行排序,避免了AHP排序的主观性;考虑实际数据采集误差对评价结果的影响,在评价模型的基础上建立了DEA灵敏度分析模型,对评价结果的可靠性进行了剖析,通过复合形法确立了评价结果的稳定区间.与传统求解DEA模型的单纯形法相比,其更灵活易变,并可求解非线性规划问题,收敛精度较好,能够有效地处理不等式的优化设计问题.最后通过对物流系统综合评价的实例,验证了上述模型和方法的可行性、实用性及有效性.     

输入输出具有模糊数的供应商评价——基于DEA博弈交叉效率方法

在供应商全部输入输出值中,模糊数出现比例不大的情况下,提出首先将个别出现的模糊数进行去模糊化处理,然后基于DEA博弈交叉效率模型对供应商进行评价。所提出方法不仅克服了已有相关文献解不唯一的问题,考虑了供应商之间的竞争,还能处理非准确值,因此与已有文献相比,结果更具有说服力。所提出方法最后被应用于一个第三方物流服务供应商评价实例。     

基于DEA的我国房地产业效率研究

本文通过运用DEA的C2R模型和DEA交叉评价方法对上市的具有比较典型代表意义的15家房地产公司进行评价,发现其中大部分位于中间规模的房地产行业都具有比较高的DEA效率值,而规模很大的企业则存在着一定的资源浪费,规模小的几家企业则远没取得行业平均收益率,本文对此展开分析并提出了些解决问题的建议。     

DEA cross-efficiency evaluation based on satisfaction degree: an application to technology selection

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been extended to cross-efficiency evaluation to provide better discrimination and ranking of decision-making units (DMUs). However, the non-uniqueness of optimal weights in the traditional DEA models (CCR and BCC models) has reduced the usefulness of the DEA cross-efficiency evaluation method. To solve this problem, we introduce the concept of the satisfaction degree of a DMU towards a set of optimal weights for another DMU. Then, a new DEA cross-efficiency evaluation approach, which contains a maxmin model and two algorithms, is proposed based on the satisfaction degrees of the DMUs. Our maxmin model and algorithm 1 can obtain for each DMU an optimal set of weights that maximises the least satisfaction degrees among all the other DMUs. Further, our algorithm 2 can then be used to guarantee the uniqueness of the optimal weights for each DMU. Finally, our approach is applied to a real-world case study of technology selection.     

DEA cross-efficiency aggregation method based upon Shannon entropy

Existing approaches for DEA cross-efficiency evaluation are mainly focused on the calculation of cross-efficiency matrix but pay little attention to the aggregation of the efficiencies in the cross-efficiency matrix. The most widely used approach is to aggregate the efficiencies in each row or column in the cross-efficiency matrix with equal weights into an average cross-efficiency score for each Decision Making Unit (DMU) and view it as the overall performance measurement of the DMU. This paper focuses on the aggregation process of the efficiencies in the cross-efficiency matrix and proposes the use of Shannon entropy for cross-efficiency aggregation. In the study, we propose an entropy model to generate a set of weights for aggregating and determining the ultimate cross-efficiency instead of the traditional average cross-efficiency. We prove that the set of weight is a unique global optimal solution which can reflect the goodness of this method. Finally, two examples of a flexible manufacturing system and 27 industrial robots are illustrated to examine the validity of the proposed method.     

Multicriteria fuzzy optimization of structural systems

This paper proposes an efficient, systematic and generalized multicriteria fuzzy optimum design method for the structural systems, using the suboptimization concept, introduction of measure membership functions and fuzzy decision‐making techniques. Each objective function is suboptimized first for all discrete sets of common design variables and design parameters. In order to make the relative evaluation of suboptimized data of objective functions rationally and systematically, and involve the fuzziness or tolerance in the decision‐making process and design emphases, the measure membership functions are introduced for all objective functions. The membership functions of the suboptimized objective functions are determined systematically using the corresponding measure membership functions as datum. A hybrid decision‐making process is developed combining the weighted operator method, comparison processes of maximum membership values and backward interpolation processes for the determination of the global optimum solution. The weighted operator method can also involve the relative emphases of each objective function simply. A design example of a practical prestressed concrete bridge system, in which the total expected cost after an earthquake and the aesthetics of the bridge system are the primary objectives, clarifies the applicability to any convex and non‐convex design problems, rationality, systematic design process and efficiency of the proposed design method. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Practical common weight multi-criteria decision-making approach with an improved discriminating power for technology selection

A practical common weight multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology with an improved discriminating power for technology selection is introduced. The proposed MCDM methodology enables the evaluation of the relative efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs) with respect to multiple outputs and a single exact input. Its robustness and discriminating power are illustrated via a previously reported robot evaluation problem by comparing the ranking obtained by the proposed MCDM framework with that obtained by the cross-efficiency analysis, which is a well-known data envelopment analysis-based methodology. The results indicate that the proposed methodology enables further ranking of data envelopment analysis-efficient DMUs with a notable saving in computations compared with cross-efficiency analysis. Finally, the proposed MCDM framework is extended to incorporate ordinal as well as exact outputs, and an application is presented to illustrate the methodology.     

多目标决策分析在暖通空调方案决策中的应用研究

将现代决策理论中的多目标分析应用于暖通空调工程的决策尤其是方案决策。介绍了多目标决策的方法,讨论了暖通空调决策问题的多目标特征,针对我国北京地区供热方案的选择这一多目标问题,采用线性加权法进行求解,获得了与工程实际相符的优化方案结果。     

Reliability inference for VGA adapter from dual suppliers based on contaminated type‐I interval‐censored data

Type‐I interval‐censoring scheme only documents the number of failed units within two prespecified consecutive exam times at the larger time point after putting all units on test at the initial time schedule. It is challenging to use the collected information from type‐I interval‐censoring scheme to evaluate the reliability of unit when not all admitted units are operated or tested at the same initial time and a majority of units are randomly selected to replace the failed test units at unrecorded time points. Moreover, the lifetime distribution of all pooled units from dual resources usually follows a mixture distribution. To overcome these two problems, a two‐stage inference process that consists of a data‐cleaning step and a parameter estimation step via either Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm or profile likelihood method is proposed based on the contaminated type‐I interval‐censored sample from a mixture distribution with unknown proportion. An extensive simulation study is conducted under the mixture smallest extreme value distributions to evaluate the performance of the proposed method for a case study. Finally, the proposed methods are applied to the mixture lifetime distribution modeling of video graphics array adapters for the support of reliability decision.     

工程管理熵学及其应用

介绍了管理学、决策论和信息学的一个新交叉研究领域——工程管理熵学,从它诞生的必要性、科学性出发,进而阐述其理论基础、方法与模型,特别介绍了复熵决策法、群决策熵模型和多因素耦合决策熵方法,最后给出的工程管理应用案例表明,所提出的熵模型能够有效地解决实际工程管理中的决策难题。     

基于碳足迹信息模型的产品低碳创新设计

为进一步缓解全球气候变暖,从源头降低产品生命周期碳排放的低碳设计日益成为产品设计的重要方向。基于对产品低碳设计过程中决策信息的构成及对应设计策略的研究,构建了一种融合碳足迹的产品低碳设计信息模型,并在分析低碳设计决策信息内涵的基础上提出了一种基于产品结构树和详细设计参数的双重递进碳足迹根源特征定位方法。该方法基于定性/半定量矩阵的简约式生命周期评估(streamlined life cycle assessment,SLCA)法对碳排放关键结构单元进行初筛,并采用赋权关联图方法定位低碳设计的关键特征和设计参数。针对设计参数矛盾,利用TRIZ冲突解决理论进行求解从而实现低碳设计目标。以手持吸尘器作为低碳创新设计案例,对所提方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。     

A subjective and objective integrated multiple attribute decision making method for material selection

The selection of an optimal material for an engineering design from among two or more alternative materials on the basis of two or more attributes is a multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problem. The selection decisions are complex, as material selection is more challenging today. There is a need for simple, systematic, and logical methods or mathematical tools to guide decision makers in considering a number of selection attributes and their interrelations and in making right decisions. This paper proposes a novel MADM method for material selection for a considered design problem. The method considers the objective weights of importance of the attributes as well as the subjective preferences of the decision maker to decide the integrated weights of importance of the attributes. Furthermore, the method uses fuzzy logic to convert the qualitative attributes into the quantitative attributes. Three examples are presented to illustrate the potential of the proposed method.     

Externalizing the design process

This paper describes a design method which aids the externalization of the designing activity. The method assumes that better building solutions will be provided by more informed design decision making. It suggests that a key to informed design decision making is the externalization of the design process. Externalization is the conscious communication of appropriate information between all those concerned with a building project during its design. The paper further suggests that one principal benefit of externalization is that it helps other people, such as clients and users, to understand the designer's task and help contribute to it thier own information and insights. This paper therefore emphasizes the design method's ability to promote the participation of all those concerned with a building project in the design decision making process.