共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 390 毫秒
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橡子淀粉制备及其理化性质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以橡子粉为原料,制备橡子淀粉以及研究橡子淀粉的理化性质。采用热水脱单宁、H2O2脱色制备橡子淀粉,运用理化检测方法对橡子淀粉的理化性质进行研究。研究表明,橡子粉中淀粉含量为63.58%;橡子淀粉的溶解度和膨胀度都不大,膨胀度随温度的上升出现初始膨胀阶段和迅速膨胀阶段,属限制型膨胀淀粉;橡子淀粉糊的透光率和冻融稳定性相对较好,淀粉糊的透光率为35.9%,析水率为34.69%;橡子淀粉糊具有很强的凝沉稳定性,但凝沉速度较快,易老化;橡子淀粉的黏度随浓度的增加而增加,出现跃变的浓度为25%。 相似文献
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研究了以茯苓、菊花、绿豆、魔芋等提取物为组方的保健食品对染铅动物学习记忆和消化功能的改善作用.通过灌胃给醋酸铅染毒,剂量为40 mg/kg,观察其对小鼠跳台、水迷宫、避暗、小肠推进和大鼠双向回避、食物利用率、消化酶的影响.结果发现这种具有促进排铅功能保健食品可明显减少染铅小鼠跳台实验和水迷宫实验中的错误次数,延长其在避暗实验中的潜伏时间,缩短染铅大鼠双向回避实验中主动回避时间和被动回避时间,可增强染铅小鼠胃肠推进运动及大鼠胃蛋白酶排出量及活性.这种具有促进排铅保健食品能够改善染铅动物学习记忆和消化功能. 相似文献
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为探索高效可行的麻栎橡子单宁脱除工艺,实现其综合开发,以桥山林区麻栎橡子为原料,采用超声辅助乙醇法对影响单宁脱除率的因素进行单因素试验,选择影响显著的4个因素进行响应面分析,并测定单宁对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基和羟自由基(·OH)的清除率,以探索麻栎橡子单宁的抗氧化活性。结果表明,液料比、乙醇体积分数、脱除温度、超声功率对单宁脱除率影响显著,模型拟合效果显著。最优脱除工艺为液料比42∶1(mL/g)、乙醇体积分数53%、脱除温度65℃、超声功率240 W,单宁脱除率为37.27%。麻栎橡子单宁抗氧化性与其质量浓度呈线性正相关,质量浓度为80 mg/L时,其对DPPH自由基的清除率可达75.56%,对·OH的清除率可达62.74%,可作为新型抗氧化剂。 相似文献
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文中主要研究北方蒙古栎不同部位的染色性能及应用,探讨了萃取次数、媒染剂、染色方法对丝织物颜色特征值的影响,并将蒙古栎绿干叶、橡子壳及橡子应用于丝、毛、棉、麻织物的染色,测试染色后织物的色谱及耐皂洗和耐摩擦色牢度。结果表明,蒙古栎7种不同部位单宁含量不同,对丝织物显色效果为:绿干叶黄干叶橡子壳橡子三合一橡外壳树枝,染液提取次数2次为佳。蒙古栎绿干叶、橡子壳及橡子所染丝织物皂矾后媒染价值最大,呈黑灰色调,其次是白矾前媒染,呈灰黄色调;最后是直染法,呈浅灰黄色调;蒙古栎绿干叶、橡子壳及橡子对不同织物媒染显色效果优劣依次为毛织物、丝织物、麻织物、棉织物,色谱范围略有区别,其中丝织物综合效果最好,且不同染色方法下织物耐皂洗色牢度及耐摩擦色牢度均可达到3级及以上。 相似文献
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《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2015,(3)
本文对蓬莱产区3种酿酒葡萄9个品系果实的糖、酸和糖酸比,果皮和葡萄籽的多酚、单宁类物质含量进行了测定。结果表明:赤霞珠和品丽珠具有较好的糖含量、酸含量和糖酸比,而美乐酸含量偏低;葡萄籽中的多酚和单宁类物质含量远高于果皮。3个品种中,品丽珠葡萄籽的单宁和多酚含量较高,而赤霞珠和美乐果皮中拥有含量较高的单宁和多酚。 相似文献
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文中主要研究北方蒙古栎不同部位的染色性能及应用,探讨了萃取次数、媒染剂、染色方法对丝织物颜色特征值的影响,并将蒙古栎绿干叶、橡子壳及橡子应用于丝、毛、棉、麻织物的染色,测试染色后织物的色谱及耐皂洗和耐摩擦色牢度。结果表明,蒙古栎7种不同部位单宁含量不同,对丝织物显色效果为:绿干叶>黄干叶>橡子壳>橡子>三合一>橡外壳>树枝,染液提取次数2次为佳。蒙古栎绿干叶、橡子壳及橡子所染丝织物皂矾后媒染价值最大,呈黑灰色调,其次是白矾前媒染,呈灰黄色调;最后是直染法,呈浅灰黄色调;蒙古栎绿干叶、橡子壳及橡子对不同织物媒染显色效果优劣依次为毛织物、丝织物、麻织物、棉织物,色谱范围略有区别,其中丝织物综合效果最好,且不同染色方法下织物耐皂洗色牢度及耐摩擦色牢度均可达到3级及以上。 相似文献
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作为一种特殊的生物源化学物质,生物毒素对农产品、人畜、环境等有不可忽视的健康隐患,但由于其结构与功能作用的多样性,其对于生物化学、医药学、环境生态学等又具有重要意义。本研究就生物毒素的来源分类、危害、脱毒技术及生物毒素的应用进行综述,以期为进一步生物毒素的监管与开发利用提供理论参考。 相似文献
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Emilia Szabłowska Małgorzata Tańska 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2021,20(1):980-1008
Acorns, the fruit of the oak, have long been an important source of food in different cultures around the world. Despite their long culinary tradition, they have become under-appreciated. Due to their high starch content, acorns are mainly used for flour production, and acorn flour is considered as a replacement for cereal flour in a wide range of applications in food production. This study reviewed the published literature concerning acorn flour production and composition as well as the possibility of using acorn flour in the most popular flour-based products such as bread, cake, and cookies. The study also presents the advantages resulting from acorn flour incorporation to the human diet and acorn flour influence on the quality of bread and pastry products. This review found that acorn flour is characterized by a lack of gluten proteins and a high content of fiber and minerals as well as the presence of polyphenols with antioxidant properties. However, negative impact of its larger amount on the dough rheological features and product physical properties has been emphasized in many studies. The researchers recommend the incorporation of acorn flour up to a level of 15% in formulating composite flour for bread production. However, the literature data indicates that acorn flour substitution for pastry production depends on the product type and ranges from 10 to even 60%. It is also highlighted that the application of acorn flour into gluten-free products is particularly favorable from a nutritional point of view. 相似文献
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栓皮栎橡子果仁多酚抗氧化与抑菌活性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用溶剂萃取秦巴山区栓皮栎橡子果仁,大孔树脂分离纯化、紫外光谱分析、红外光谱分析、高效液相色谱(High performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)分析栓皮栎橡子果仁多酚的成分组成,DPPH自由基清除率、ABTS+自由基清除率等、抑菌圈直径研究了其抗氧化活性及抑菌特性。结果表明:栓皮栎橡子果仁粗多酚得率为20.5%,其多酚含量为345 mg/g没食子酸当量,经D4020大孔树脂纯化后多酚得率为34%,多酚含量提高至702 mg/g没食子酸当量;紫外光谱分析、红外光谱分析表明其结构中均具有酚羟基、羰基和芳烃C=C骨架等结构;HPLC分析纯化的橡子果仁多酚至少含有28种物质,其中包括咖啡酸、原儿茶酸、鞣花酸、阿魏酸、槲皮素和山奈酚6种多酚物质,含量分别为24.9、14.6、3.2、2.2、0.5、0.2 mg/g;橡子果仁纯多酚及对照VC清除DPPH自由基的IC50值分别为2.50、3.20 μg/mL,清除ABTS+自由基IC50值分别为28.67、28.82 μg/mL,ABTS+自由基清除能力与VC相当,对Fe3+还原能力与VC差异较小,但对亚铁离子螯合能力远低于EDTA-2Na,抗脂质过氧化能力与VC相当,说明栓皮栎橡子仁多酚具有较强抗氧化能力;栓皮栎橡子仁粗多酚、纯多酚均对阪崎杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌具有较强抑制作用,对李斯特菌的抑制作用较弱。研究结果表明栓皮栎橡子果仁多酚含量丰富,其多酚具有较强抗氧化性和广谱抑菌活性,是开发保健品和天然抗菌剂的良好材料。 相似文献
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将蒙古栎橡子粉与小麦粉按不同的比例混合,利用布拉本德粉质仪与拉伸仪测定蒙古栎橡子-小麦混粉面团的流变学特性,并对混粉中的理化指标与混粉面团流变学参数之间进行相关性分析,探讨蒙古栎橡子粉对小麦粉品质的影响。结果表明:随着橡子粉含量增加,混粉的吸水率呈先减小后增大的趋势,面团的形成时间与稳定时间缩短,弱化度提高;所有样品的拉伸阻力与拉伸比例随醒发时间的增长而增大,而混粉面团的延伸度与能量均呈下降趋势;在相同的醒发时间下,拉伸参数随橡子粉添加比例的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势。与混粉面团流变学特性呈高度正相关的理化指标是混粉面团湿面筋及蛋白质的含量。提示不同比例的蒙古栎橡子粉可以显著影响面团的流变学特性。 相似文献
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Sara Silva Eduardo M. Costa André Borges Ana Paula Carvalho Maria João Monteiro M. Manuela E. Pintado 《Sensing and Instrumentation for Food Quality and Safety》2016,10(3):584-588
Nowadays, acorns, the fruits of Quercus trees, are mostly associated with animal feed. However they are part of the traditional gastronomical folklore of several Mediterranean countries. Though several uses can be mentioned, one of the most common uses is powdering the acorns in order to produce a flour that can substitute regular corn flour in the manufacture breads and cakes. An example of this is acorn bread, a typical Portuguese loaf. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no information about the nutritional value of these flours. As such, the main goal of this work was to describe the nutritional value of acorn flours from two different subspecies of Quercus abundant in Portugal (Quercus ilex and Quercus rotundifolia) obtained using two different traditional methods (drying and roasting). The results demonstrated that all flours possessed interesting nutritional properties, namely the absence of gluten and elevated values of both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Because of these facts and it’s low production cost, acorn flour poses as an interesting alternative to traditional flours particularly for gluten intolerant individuals. 相似文献
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Mould spoilage of cereals during transportation by sea from Latin America to Europe mechanisms, impact and management 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D A Mossel 《International journal of food microbiology》1988,7(3):205-209
Safe water contents of consignments of cereals to be shipped overseas can be calculated from the relation between mould-free storage time and storage conditions (temperature of the environment, aw of the cereal), corrected for heterogeneity of water distribution, content of damaged kernels and degree of infestation by insects. The validity of this model was substantiated by the inspection of shipments and theoretical data from the literature. This predictive model can usefully be substituted for previously used, ill-defined criteria like average or any portion's water content and should prompt the trade to sell consignments of cereals on the basis of dry substance. 相似文献