时间不确定下再利用逆向供应链激励机制研究

为提高产品回收效率,减少回收所需的时间,针对再利用逆向供应链,在委托-代理理论基础上,构造了再利用逆向供应链主从博弈模型.考虑到回收处理时间的随机性,引入奖励因子,在模型的最优性分析基础上,讨论了回收率、回收处理成本等参数对合同变量设计的影响.最后进行了算例验证.     

不对称信息下逆向供应链契约设计

制造商对废旧产品的回收积极性在很大程度上影响逆向供应链的实施和协调.运用委托代理理论和甄别博弈的显示性原理,探讨不对称信息下逆向供应链契约设计问题.分别基于政府不参与逆向供应链运作、政府对制造商实施奖励、政府对制造商实施奖惩三种前提,建立决策模型,得到不同模型下制造商提供给零售商的契约设计策略.三种契约比较分析显示:政...     

考虑同行公平关注的逆向供应链定价决策

在由1个再制造商和2个回收商组成的逆向供应链中,考虑回收商既关注分配公平,也关注同行公平,基于Nash讨价还价理论构建了供应链成员的公平关注效用体系,研究了该逆向供应链的定价决策问题,并分析了回收商的公平关注行为对决策的影响。结果表明,当再制造商提供给两个回收商的回购价格相同时,具有同行公平关注的回收商会提高其废旧产品回收价,进而增加逆向废旧产品的回收量。此外,具有同行公平关注的回收商在逆向供应链利润分配中处于相对劣势的地位。     

基于博弈论的两级逆向供应链定价策略研究

基于博弈论的思想，针对现实中的制造商委托零售商回收废旧产品以再次加工的逆向供应链定价问题展开研究。首先分别构建了制造商主导的Stackelberg博弈分散式定价模型以及合作博弈的集中定价模型，通过推导得到一些推论，从理论上证明了合作博弈能够给供应链带来更多利润，同时也能让消费者获益。针对合作博弈模型，设计了分配方案来实现合作利润的分配以满足所有供应链成员的要求。最后通过数例计算验证了推论的正确性。     

电子产品三级逆向供应链定价与激励机制研究

研究了由制造商、维修中心和零售商构成的三级逆向供应链模型的定价策略与激励机制.模型扩展了正规维修中心的职能,使其作为回收处理中心参与到逆向供应链中,负责分类处理零售商回收的废旧电子产品,一方面将其中可再利用部分经过维修销售到二级市场中.另一方面将可再制造部分由制造商进行再制造成新产品.应用博弈论得到模型的Stackelberg均衡解和合作机制下的最优解,并设计了线性分成机制和基于不对称Nash协商模型的激励机制.最后,通过数值仿真验证结论并讨论了价格弹性系数和可再制造率.研究结果表明,回收价格和系统收益均与弹性系数成正比,且较高的可再制造率可得到较高的回收价格和收益.该研究对逆向供应链的运营实践具有很好的指导意义和参考价值.     

具有产品再制造的闭环供应链动态运作模型

考虑了一类同时具有再分销、再制造和再利用的闭环供应链,并建立了其动态运作模型.供应链由一个制造商和一个供应商组成,废旧产品的回收及对废旧产品的再处理均由制造商完成.采用离散概率分布描述最终产品废旧的可能性,闭环供应链的运作是动态的且满足诸如供应链成员之间协调、各成员运作收益最大等多个目标.设计了一个数值算例验证模型的有效性,并就回收率对闭环供应链的运作性能的影响进行了分析.结果表明,闭环供应链的整体运作性能随着回收率的增大而增加.     

第三方逆向物流评价决策支持系统探讨

第三方逆向物流对现代供应链管理的影响越来越大,如何科学、合理地评价选择物流服务商,直接关系到物流需求方企业及其供应链管理的效率和效益.文章在分析了传统的供应商评价选择方法的基础上,提出一种基于案例推理(CRB)的第三方逆向物流评价决策支持系统的模型框架.     

产品回收再利用率对闭环供应链利润的影响

针对由单个制造商和单个零售商组成的二级闭环供应链系统,制造商委托零售商回收旧产品,然后制造商生产新产品和再制造产品,零售商销售产品.采用stackelberg博弈方法,对制造商占主导的正向供应链和闭环供应链的利润进行了比较,分析了回收再利用率对闭环供应链利润的影响.研究结果表明:在产品存在最低或强制回收要求的前提下,当其他参数不变时,回收再利用率满足一定的阈值,并且回收再利用率越大,制造商实施闭环供应链管理就越有利.     

考虑附加产品销售的O2O渠道策略研究

基于单个线下企业与线上平台构成的O2O供应链,构建了转售与代理销售渠道下,企业不销售、捆绑销售与独立销售附加产品3种策略下的动态博弈模型,通过逆向归纳法求解出企业与平台的最优合作策略,并探讨了核心产品质量、附加产品成本价值构成及平台佣金对供应链成员最优决策及利润的影响。研究发现：独立销售附加产品对企业来说是最优的,但对平台却不总是最优的;平台选择转售还是代理销售渠道取决于市场中附加产品成本价值比和核心产品与附加产品质量价值比的联合影响;从供应链整体绩效考虑,当平台佣金达到特定阈值时,企业与平台能够实现合作策略偏好的一致性。     

考虑消费者环境偏好的闭环供应链奖惩与补贴机制研究

考虑消费者具有环境偏好差异,构建分散决策下无政府机制、基于产品环保度的奖惩机制、基于废品回收量的补贴机制以及基于奖惩与补贴双机制下的闭环供应链Stackelberg博弈模型,求解模型得出产品的零售价、回收价等决策变量。研究表明:当无政府介入市场时,采取不同闭环供应链战略的企业专注各自的细分市场,定价策略很大程度受消费者环境偏好影响。与无政府机制相比,奖惩与补贴双机制下主动回收的制造商利润增加,不回收的制造商利润减少,但产品环保总量和废品回收量增加,说明奖惩与补贴机制能有效引导制造商的回收积极性,并有利于整个环境的环保,同时,零售商与回收商利润的增加也促使他们积极地参与闭环供应链,从而使得整个闭环供应链得以协调。     

供应链管理集成平台中的CRM系统研究

基于客户关系管理对于供应链的重要性,分析了供应链管理集成平台对客户关系管理系统的要求,在此基础上,建立了集成平台中客户关系管理系统的功能模型.针对客户关系管理系统中的数据分析需求,提出了一种基于数据仓库的客户关系管理系统解决方案.     

Application support to product variety management

Offering a large variety of products at competitive prices and reasonable delivery times is a complex managerial challenge that many companies have to address. Software vendors responded to this challenge by developing and proposing various solutions, such as product configuration (PC) systems, product data management (PDM) systems and customer relationship management (CRM) systems. The relative newness, complexity and mutual interdependencies among these systems make it difficult to understand how they—individually and as a whole—actually support a firm in managing its product variety. Precisely these complexities, ultimately, add to the risks of software selection, leading companies to make inconsistent choices or to implement the wrong systems. Starting from this theoretical and practical concern, the present paper provides a conceptualization of the essential functions of PC, PDM and CRM systems, discussing how these functions help a company to manage its product variety and how they relate to each other. This paper proposes that two core data structures of PC systems—namely the sales and technical configuration models—are essential elements of the information management infrastructure of a company offering a large variety of products, because they enable a number of important product variety management functions also present within PDM and CRM systems.     

PDM中分布式明细表管理的实现

 产品数据管理主要用于帮助工程人员管理信息、处理技术图形、设计模型和控制工作流程，是企业的数据管理和流程管理中心．采用Oracle数据库，提出了分布式明细表管理的技术，对所有有关产品的数据进行动态管理，满足了分布在不同地区的大型企业的需要。     

An operations management perspective on adopting customer-relations management (CRM) software

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are made up of software that chiefly support individual functional areas (e.g., operations management practices and policies), but seeks to share information to support organisation-wide integration goals. In this paper we examine the influences of operations management (OM) customer focus policies and practices, as well as software vendor capabilities in supporting OM, on ERP reasons for adoption of software and vendor selection of customer relations management (CRM) systems. An empirical study utilising structural equation modeling (SEM) is used to determine if an OM customer focus affects the adoption of CRM. The results show that collaboration between OM and marketing managers in the acquisition of CRM software improves business performance and supports the prior research that advocates the need for closer integration of these two functional areas. The results also show that OM reasons for adoption of CRM can have a moderating effect on business performance as well.     

TOPSIS法在电信企业客户关系评价中的应用

尝试将多目标决策中的逼近理想解法(TOPSIS法)应用到电信企业客户关系评价的问题。在建立电信企业客户关系评价模型基础上，利用TOPSIS法对电信企业的各地分公司或不同年度的客户关系管理绩效进行综合评价，从而选出最佳分公司和最佳服务年度，作为电信企业客户关系管理改进的依据。     

客户关系管理系统下企业收益和社会总福利的均衡

分析了CRM系统下企业的营销策略对企业收益和社会总福利的影响，并在此基础上建立了CRM系统下的企业收益和社会总福利的均衡模型。然后通过对模型进行求解分析，得出了企业收益和社会总福利在不同的机会成本区间，随额外营销投入其性态如何变化。通过对变化性态的认识，可以为企业的营销策略和政府的政策制定提供决策支持。     

结合大规模定制生产实施客户关系管理

通过对客户关系管理产生的根本原因和它所包含的朴素思想进行的分析 ,认为要想对客户关系进行有效的管理 ,必须和大规模定制的思想结合起来 ,在大规模定制思想的指导下 ,对企业的业务流程进行合理化的改造 ,两者的有机结合才能使企业获得更大的竞争优势 .本文并对客户关系管理的实施进行了阐述 .     

Towards a better understanding of supply chain quality management practices

This paper reports the results of a comparative study of quality tools and methods adoption by operations and supply chain managers. A survey was administered to both types of managers in the Western United States. Performing a Kruskal Wallis analysis, we found support for the hypothesis that operations and supply chain managers approach quality management differently. We found that operations managers tend to manage supply chains through procedural methods such as ISO 9000 and supplier evaluation. Supply chain managers tend to be more collaborative, emphasising supplier development and complaint resolution. We found that both types of managers adopted on the job training, data analysis, supply chain management, customer relationship management, project management and surveys. This paper represents another step in defining the field of supply chain quality management.     

Intangible capital,knowledge and new product development competence in supply chains: process,interaction and contingency effects among SMEs

Leveraging the strengths of a firm’s supply chain partners for new product development (NPD) has become essential to satisfy rapidly changing customer demands and to remain competitive. Firms are, therefore, aiming to further their NPD competence, which we define as the ability of the supply chain to improve and generate new products and services, based on the processes and relationships established with suppliers and customers. This study examines how intangible capital and knowledge further the development of NPD competence within the context of a supply chain. A theoretical model, based upon resource-advantage theory, is tested via structural equation modelling utilising survey data collected from 195 small- and medium-sized enterprises in the manufacturing industry reporting on their primary supply chain. Our findings indicate that more easily transferable capital manifests itself in explicit knowledge and less easily transferable capital manifests itself in tacit knowledge. We further identify complementarities of the two types of intangible capital as influencing knowledge type development. More importantly, we find that the two types of knowledge differ in their ability to influence NPD competence in the supply chain, and that these links are moderated by relationship length. Supply chain management implications for academics and practitioners are presented.     

Strategies for evaluating performance of flexibility in product recovery system

In view of the increasing business opportunities with changing customer attitudes and stricter legislations, the handling of returns has become a daunting challenge. The need for decision models for evaluating return performance has been observed in the academia and the corporate world. To improve return system performance, integrated flexible reverse enterprise systems have attracted attention from researchers as well as practitioners. This paper addresses these critical issues and proposes a novel integrated and Flexible recovery system decision model. The proposed model aims to facilitate enterprises in assessing their product recovery system capability, and in improving overall performance. The proposed model is a natural extension of several well-grounded policies for conventional reverse supply chains and can be verified on a simulation platform.