裂纹位置对强度失配焊接接头极限载荷的影响

采用有限元方法对平面应变条件下含裂纹的强度失配焊接接头极限载荷进行了计算,研究了裂纹位于焊缝不同位置时对接头极限载荷的影响.结果表明,裂纹尺寸和焊缝宽度增大时,接头极限载荷接近均质焊缝的极限载荷,此时失配系数的影响很大;裂纹尺寸和焊缝宽度减小,不同失配系数接头的极限载荷逐渐趋于一致.当焊缝强度失配程度一定时,裂纹偏置量在裂纹尺寸较大且焊缝较宽时对接头极限载荷的影响较大,裂纹偏置量增大可使低匹配接头极限载荷提高,对高匹配接头则相反,随着裂纹尺寸和焊缝宽度的减小,裂纹偏置量对接头极限载荷的影响程度减弱.     

裂纹深度和强度组配对焊接接头断裂性能的影响

利用弹塑性有限元计算和三点弯曲试验对不同裂纹深度，不同强度组配焊接接头试样的断裂性能进行了研究，着重讨论了裂纹深度和组配的不同对焊接接头试样加载过程中塑性区形状及大小，深浅裂纹分界点，抗断性能，裂纹尖端张开位移ＣＴＯＤ，Ｊ积分的影响。结果表明，裂纹越浅。加载时塑性区域大，断裂韧性值越高，高组配焊接接头试样加载时由于塑性区扩展到母材而具有较大的塑性区，低组配焊接接头试样加载时塑性区被抑制在焊缝中，尺     

热轧态镍基高温合金电子束焊接接头裂纹容限

对GH4169合金电子束焊接接头进行了裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)试验分析,试验温度为20℃和650℃,评价GH4169合金接头的抗断裂性能.在CTOD试验的基础上,开展GH4169合金电子束焊接接头裂纹容限评定.试验结果表明,不论是在常温下(20℃)还是在高温下(650℃),母材的CTOD值高于其焊缝值,即母材的抗断裂能力优于焊缝值,并且焊缝的CTOD值较低,易发生脆性断裂.裂纹容限的计算结果表明,在同一应力水平下,母材的裂纹容限比焊缝值高,但母材与焊缝的裂纹容限差值随着应力水平的升高而减小.     

断裂应变对含损伤焊接接头裂纹扩展驱动力影响的数值

利用弹塑性损伤-应变耦合有限元方法，对含有损伤的焊接接头三点弯曲裂纹试样进行了模拟计算，讨论了母材区的断裂应变εfB的变化对焊缝区裂纹的扩展驱动力J积分的影响规律。结果表明，焊缝中裂纹的断裂行为受到焊缝两侧母材断裂应变的明显影响。对于无论何种强度匹配的接头，在焊缝区各项力学性能参数保持不变的条件下，随着母材区断裂应变的减小，损伤率的增加，损伤区的扩大，焊缝中裂纹韧带区塑性应变及裂纹扩展驱动力J积分均有明显的提高；随着接头强度匹配比M的降低(即母材屈服强度的升高)，母材区断裂应变的变化对J积分的影响作用逐渐减弱；随着焊缝宽度的逐渐增加，母材断裂应变的变化对J积分的影响作用逐渐减弱，焊接接头试样的计算J积分值逐渐趋向于全焊缝材料试样计算得到的J积分值；当焊缝宽度增加到2H／a约为0．6时，母材断裂应变的变化对焊缝区裂纹扩展驱动力J积分的影响作用完全消失。     

力学失配对电子束焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响

研究了高温合金电子束焊接接头区的疲劳裂纹扩展行为,深入分析了接头区力学失配对疲劳裂纹扩展方向及疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响规律。结果表明,由于力学不均匀性的影响,电子束焊接接头的疲劳裂纹扩展具有不稳定性,位于高匹配焊接区的疲劳裂纹偏离原裂纹扩展方向,跨越焊接区与母材,呈复合型扩展;焊接区疲劳裂纹的集团使得裂纹尖端有效应力强度因子减小,因而焊缝区裂尖局部有效裂纹扩展驱动力下降,导致接头的疲劳裂纹扩展速率下     

焊接接头损伤条件下的断裂力学参量数值模拟

利用弹塑性损伤-应变耦合有限元方法研究了不同强度匹配焊接接头中母材区断裂应变的变化对焊缝区裂纹断裂力学参量J积分的影响规律.结果表明,对于强度高匹配、等匹配和低匹配的焊接接头,在焊缝区各项力学性能参数保持不变的条件下,随着母材区断裂应变的减小,焊缝区的塑性应变及裂纹扩展驱动力J积分均有明显的提高;随着接头强度匹配比M的降低(母材屈服强度的升高),母材区断裂应变的变化对J积分值的影响作用减小.     

焊接接头延性裂纹扩展的数值模拟

用GTN损伤模型对30Cr2Ni4MoV转子钢焊接接头延性裂纹的扩展进行了有限元模拟.模拟得到的焊缝、母材和热影响区断裂韧性试样的载荷—位移曲线和J-△a阻力曲线与试验曲线吻合良好,以此确定了GTN模型中的材料损伤参数.结果表明,焊缝的裂纹扩展阻力最低,热影响区最高,母材居中;当初始裂纹位于母材和热影响区界面时,裂纹偏向强度和扩展阻力较低的母材一侧扩展,其阻力曲线和母材相似;当初始裂纹位于热影响区和焊缝界面时,裂纹向焊缝一侧偏离且沿着界面扩展,阻力曲线较焊缝稍有降低.     

电子束焊GH4169合金高温裂纹尖端张开位移试验

根据国标GB／T2358-94,对GH4169合金电子束焊接接头的高温（650℃）裂纹尖端张开位移（CTOD）进行了测试。取SE（B）试样进行三点弯曲试验,然后由所得到的650℃下母材和焊缝的P-V曲线来计算CTOD值,并对试验结果进行了讨论和总结。     

焊缝的非匹配对含表面裂纹管道接头J积分的影响研究

采用有限元方法对几种匹配情况下管道接头表面裂纹的J积分值进行了计算,结果表明焊缝强度匹配以及应变硬化参数匹配的影响随载荷加大而加大,但应变参数匹配影响比强度匹配影响小。对强度匹配对J积分值的影响进行了详细讨论,其结果表明对于高匹配接头来说,J焊缝金属相似文献   

Influence rule of HAZ geometrical dimension to aluminum alloy joint＇ deformation and strength

用有限元软件ABAQUS对平板对接铝合金焊接接头进行拉伸模拟,研究了HAZ几何尺寸对焊接接头变形及强度影响规律.结果表明,随着HAZ长度的增加,铝合金焊接接头的屈服强度和抗拉强度均逐渐降低,应力三轴度在母材与HAZ交界处和焊缝与HAZ交界处存在突变,应力三轴度最大值的位置从母材与HAZ交界处转变为焊缝与HAZ的交界处;随着接头厚度的增加,屈服强度和抗拉强度基本上是逐渐增大的,接头中的应力三轴度取决于试样的厚度、焊缝区尺寸及HAZ尺寸;随着接头宽度及标距长度的增加,屈服强度、抗拉强度和焊缝及HAZ范围内的应力三轴度基本上是逐渐增大的.当试样标距长度增加到某一值时,这三个参数将不再发生变化,为一恒值.     

高组配焊接接头表面裂纹J积分试验研究

实际构件中大量存在着半穿型的焊接表面裂纹,对于这种力学性能不均匀三维裂纹体的弹塑性断裂力学参量的探讨还比较缺乏,利用Ｊ积分直接测试方法以及适当的理论弹性修正,对存在不同组配比的高组配焊接接头焊缝区的三维表面裂纹的Ｊ积分进行试验研究,着重讨论了接头组配比对焊接接头试样加载过程中裂纹扩展驱动力（Ｊ积分、裂纹嘴张开位移ＣＭＯＤ）、应变沿积分路径分布的影响。结果表明,焊接接头试样上应变的分布趋势取决于裂纹     

Study on fracture mechanics parameters of surface crack in overmatched weldments

In this paper, the J-integral of surface cracks in overmatched weldments with different matching ratio has been investigated using direct evaluation method. The influence of matching ratio of joints on the crack driving forces (J-i ntegral, crack mouth opening displacement CMOD) and strain distributions along the contour have been discussed in detail. The results indicate that the comprehe nsive effects of crack position and the matching ratio of welded joint dominate the distribution of strain along the contour. Moreover, the crack driving force increases with the decrease of the matching ratios in overmatched weldments.     

高匹配焊接接头裂纹的J积分研究

本文研究了含有纵向裂纹或缺陷的高匹配焊接接头材料不均匀性和焊缝宽度对弹塑性断裂表征参量J积分的影响规律.高匹配焊缝被理想化为含有一平行裂纹的一个硬夹层,其屈服应力高于母材.在平面应力条件下利用弹塑性有限元计算得到数值解.研究结果表明,材料不均匀性和焊缝宽度对J积分值有显著影响,特别当名义应力或名义应变较高时影响更大.因此,估算高匹配接头的裂纹推力时必须对此加以考虑.     

ON FATIGUE CRACK PATH DEVIATION AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE IN ELECTRON BEAM REPAIRED WELDMENTS OF TURBINE DISK

Fatigue crack growth behaviors in electron beam weldments of a nickel-base superalloy are. studied. The objective of this paper is to discuss effects of the inhomogeneity of mechanical performance on fatigue crack growth (FCG) rate and crack path deviation (CPD). The base metal served in a turbine disk of aerospace engine was selected to fabricate bead-on-plate weldments by using electron beam welding. Some wedge-type opening loading specimens, notched in three different zone of weld metal, HAZ and base metal, were employed and performed fatigue crack growth tests at 650℃. The results show that the fatigue crack growth of electron beam welded joints is instable due to the influence of mechanical heterogeneities. Owing to the crack deviation at the weld metal and heat-affected-zone (HAZ), the effective growth driving force at the tip of fatigue crack was reduced with the reduction of the effective stress intensity factor (SIF) which finally causes fatigue crack rate decrease. Fatigue crack was strongly affected by size and the symmetrical characteristics of the plastic zone at the crack tip, which means that the integrity of the welded structure containing the fatigue crack mainly depended on the toughness of the low strenqth zone.     

含横向裂纹的力学不均匀焊接接头的J积分研究

利用MARC有限元程序提供的Delorenzi虚拟裂纹扩方法计算了平面应力条件下不同强度匹配的含横向裂纹的焊接接头模型在不同载荷下的广义J积分并对其进行了修正。通过对焊缝与母材的强度差别及积分路径中包含的焊缝与母材界面长度的修正,得到了适用于含横向裂纹的力学不均匀焊接接头的修正J积分。     

Integrated fracture mechanics approach to analyse fatigue behaviour of welded joints

Abstract

Current fracture mechanics methods for fatigue assessment, including those that consider thresholds for crack propagation, are based on long crack behaviour. The present work is concerned with an attempt to predict the fatigue strength of welded joints using a fracture mechanics approach that takes into account the fatigue behaviour of short cracks. The methodology estimates the fatigue crack propagation rate as a function of the difference between the applied driving force and the material threshold for crack propagation, which is a function of crack length. The fatigue strength of butt welded specimens stressed transversely was analysed. Experimental results from the literature were used for comparison. Estimations are obtained by using only the fatigue limit and the fatigue propagation threshold for long cracks, and the applied stress distribution along the crack path obtained from simple finite element models. The influence of plate thickness, initial crack length, and reinforcement angle on fatigue strength of butt welded joints was analysed. Results show good agreement with experimental trends.     

A J-INTEGRAL ANALYSIS OF CRACKS IN OVERMATCHED WELDED JOINTS

The effects of material inhomogeneity and weld width of the overmatched welded joints with alongitudinal crack or flaw upon the J-interal,a characterizing parameter for elastoplasticfracture,have been studied.The overmatched weld is idealized to be a parallelly cracked andsandwiched hard layer,the yieht stress of which is higher than that of the base metal.Numeri-cal solutions were obtained by using elastoplastic finite element method under the assumptionof plane stress.The resuits show that the values of J-integral are remarkably affected by thematerial inhomogeneity ant the weld width especially when the nominal stress or nominalstrain is comparatively high,which,therfore,should be taken into account when evaluatingthe crack driving force for an overmatched joint.