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介绍导电橡胶复合材料的导电机理、导电性能影响因素和导电稳定性。导电机理主要分为宏观渗流理论及微观量子力学隧道效应和场致发射效应理论。导电性能主要受导电填料种类、形态、用量,加工工艺和橡胶基体的影响,其中导电填料的影响最为突出。导电稳定性主要受外部应力的影响。在提高导电性能的前提下,降低导电填料用量和成本,提高复合材料的导电稳定性,是目前导电橡胶复合材料领域的关注重点。 相似文献
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可加工导电高分子材料的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了可加工导电高分子的研究进展,着重叙述了制备可溶导电高分子及导电高分子复合材料的方法,并介绍了加工工艺对结构和性能的影响。 相似文献
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填料的形状对导电性复合材料性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以填料的形状和尺寸控制复合材料的性能是一个重要方法.选用了三种镍粉和不锈钢纤维,研究了它们对复合材料的导电性和力学强度的影响.结果表明,当填料的体积含量达到某临界值时,电阻率会发生突变,粒度愈小,形状愈不规则,该临界值愈小;同时,随着填料含量的增加,拉伸强度和冲击强度都是先升后降,转折变化时的体积含量都大于相同填料的材料电阻率陡峰时的临界值,这种变化规律都取决于材料的结构。 相似文献
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采用不同品种、粒径的导热填料和基体树脂,以熔融共混方法制备聚合物/填料体系导热功能复合材料。研究了复合材料热导率λ和体积电阻率ρv随不同填料、粒径等因素的变化规律及其内在原因。不同填充体系的热导率均随填料粒径的减小而降低,而电导率则相反;复合体系热导率随填料含量的增加始终呈逐步上升趋势,未表现出电导率那样的急剧变化。研究表明:复合体系热导率和电导率变化的差异主要是由于二者具有不同的传导机理;复合材料热导率的变化规律可以用热弹性复合增强机制进行合理解释。 相似文献
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Lowering the percolation threshold of conductive composites using particulate polymer microstructure
The percolation thresholds of carbon black–polymer composites have been successfully lowered using particulate polymer starting materials (i.e., latex and water‐dispersible powder). Composites prepared using carbon black (CB) and commercial poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) latex exhibit a percolation threshold near 2.5 vol % CB. This threshold value is significantly lower than that of a comparable reference composite made from poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone) (PNVP) solution and the same CB, which exhibits a sharp rise in electrical conductivity near 15 vol % CB. This dramatic difference in critical CB concentration results from the segregated microstructure induced by the latex during composite film formation. Carbon black particles are forced into conductive pathways at low concentration because of their inability to occupy volume already claimed by the much larger latex particles. There appears to be good qualitative agreement between experimental findings and current models dealing with conductive behavior of composites with segregated microstructures. Lack of quantitative agreement with the models is attributed to the polydispersity of the polymer particles in the latex. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 692–705, 2001 相似文献
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Conductive polymer composites used as candidates for positive temperature coefficient (PTC) materials are faced with performance decay characterized by gradually increased room‐temperature resistivity and decreased PTC intensity. Considering that deterioration of the properties is mainly related to the capability of conductive networks established by conductive fillers to recover from the effect of repeated expansion/contraction in a timely manner, the present work introduces chemical bonding into the filler/matrix interphase. The experimental results indicate that in the composites consisting of conductive carbon black (CB), low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), and ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer, CB particles can be covalently connected with LDPE through melt grafting of acrylic acid. As a result, the composites are provided with reduced room‐temperature resistivity and significantly increased PTC intensity. Compared with the composites filled with untreated CB, the present composites possess reproducible PTC behavior and demonstrate stable electrothermal output in association with negligible contact resistance at the composites/metallic electrodes contacts. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2438–2445, 2003 相似文献
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