基于加速退化试验的模拟IC寿命评估研究

为解决高可靠性、长寿命模拟集成电路的寿命评估问题,结合半导体器件退化失效的特点,提出了基于加速退化试验的模拟集成电路寿命评估方法。在此基础上,以某型电压基准模拟IC为研究对象,通过对退化数据的分析研究,获得了其在正常工作应力下的寿命数据。     

基于平均寿命MSE的步进应力加速退化试验优化设计

步进应力加速退化试验常应用于高可靠性、长寿命产品的可靠性评估。为了更加准确的评估产品的可靠性,论文针对退化过程服从Wiener过程的退化型产品,提出了步进应力加速退化试验优化设计建模与分析方法。该方法在试验总费用约束下,利用蒙特卡洛仿真估计产品平均寿命的均方误差(MSE),并通过最小化MSE,确定最优的步进应力加速退化试验应力水平、样品数、参数测量间隔及测量次数等。最后,以某磁性产品为例,对该方法的有效性进行实例验证。     

基于加速因子不变原则的加速退化数据分析方法

加速退化试验技术已经成为评估退化失效型产品可靠性的高效手段,然而,目前对加速退化数据分析时过多依据主观经验,容易造成可靠性评估结果不准.本文提出了基于加速因子不变原则较为客观分析加速退化数据的一种方法.首先,根据加速因子不变原则推导退化模型各参数在加速退化试验中应该满足的变化规律;然后,利用与加速应力无关的参数等式辨识各加应力水平下的加速退化数据是否有效,核心是构建t统计量检验参数估值是否满足等式关系;接下来,确定与加速应力相关的参数从而实现加速退化建模;最后,利用有效的加速退化数据估计出模型参数值,外推出产品在常规应力下的可靠度.以逆高斯退化模型为例对所提方法进行了具体阐述.仿真试验和实例应用表明,本文研究为基于加速退化数据的可靠性评估提供一种更客观、合理的技术途径.     

基于加速性能退化试验的板级可靠性评估

传统的可靠性评估方法一般基于失效寿命数据,而目前对于高可靠长寿命的电子产品,很难通过加速试验获得其失效寿命时间。为解决这一矛盾,将性能退化理论引入到传统可靠性评估中,提出了基于失效数据及加速性能退化的可靠性评估的新方法。应用某型雷达24V/2A稳压电源板加速性能退化试验进行验证,结果表明该方法用于高可靠长寿命电子装备的可靠性评估是正确有效的。     

基于蚁群神经网络的LED灯管寿命预测

针对高可靠性、长寿命复杂产品的可靠性评估过程,在加速寿命退化试验数据的基础上,提出了一种基于试验数据驱动的自适应智能方法,并对某型LED灯管的寿命与可靠性进行预测分析.首先,通过指数模型拟合性能退化曲线,推算出各组应力条件下的伪失效寿命值;再将蚁群算法结合BP神经网络等智能算法应用于寿命预测模型的建立,根据试验证明寿命服从对数正态分布,且检验寿命必须满足置信度区间范围内;最后,预测出正常应力条件下LED灯管的工作寿命.结果表明,基于蚁群神经网络预测LED灯管寿命的方法,预测误差较小,收敛速度快,能够满足工程要求.     

不同的退化模式共存时产品退化失效分析

在高可靠性、长寿命产品的可靠性分析中,当产品的失效为退化型失效时,利用产品的性能退化数据进行可靠性分析是一种更合理的方法。在考虑产品既存在平稳退化,又存在随机退化时,研究了产品退化失效的一般模型并给出了模型参数的估计方法。最后,利用所给的模型对强激光装置所用的某型金属化膜脉冲电容器进行了可靠性分析,并验证了该方法的可行性。     

汽车电连接器加速寿命评估方法研究

以电连接器为研究对象,根据接触失效的特点和威布尔分布的特性,得出汽车电连接器温度-振动综合应力的失效物理方程、失效寿命分布和可靠性统计模型;然后,按照确定的加速寿命试验方案,选取温度应力和振动应力结合的正交试验法,提出了汽车电连接器加速寿命试验方案,对于准确地评估汽车电连接器的加速寿命具有一定的参考价值。     

融合非线性加速退化模型与失效率模型的产品寿命预测方法

针对高可靠性产品寿命数据少、获取成本高的问题,基于充分利用产品在研制、加速试验等不同环境下的退化数据、失效数据等可靠性数据的思想,提出了一种融合非线性加速退化模型和失效率模型的产品寿命预测方法.首先,根据退化数据对非线性退化过程进行分析,估计退化过程的参数;然后,根据加速退化数据及相应的加速退化模型估计加速退化模型的参数,从而得到退化参数与应力之间的关系.进一步,利用比例风险模型融合产品的寿命数据和未失效截尾数据,并基于此计算产品的可靠度函数、预测产品的寿命.实例应用验证了所提方法的有效性,同时说明了所提方法的应用价值.     

基于加速退化模型的加速度开关贮存寿命评估

贮存寿命是长使用周期、高可靠性产品的重要考核指标之一。为评估某型加速度开关的贮存寿命,该文采用温度应力四量级水平恒定应力加速试验方法研究了加速度开关的退化过程,并将阿伦尼斯加速模型与漂移布朗运动相结合,建立了产品的可靠性模型。最后采用极大似然和最小二乘法对试验数据进行了拟合分析。结果表明,某型加速度开关在100℃的加速量级下,其等效贮存年限可达33年,满足产品有效贮存期的要求。     

基于Wiener过程的航天加注泵性能可靠性评估

某型航天加注泵(简称加注泵)属于长寿命、高可靠性产品,失效数据极少.其长期处于备用状态,每次开机工作的时间极短.加注泉性能退化小但和累积工作时间关系紧密,而且和累积备用时间有很人的关系.对加注泵的性能可靠性评估方法展开研究,以Wiener过程模型为基础,提出以累积工作时间和备用时间同时作为自变量的建模方法,最终解决问题...     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks