ZA-5型与ZA-5-H型氨合成催化剂的生产及性能

介绍了ZA - 5型与ZA - 5 -H型氨合成催化剂生产工艺。ZA - 5型是一种多助剂Fe1-xO基熔铁氨合成催化剂 ,具有易还原的特性。同等条件下的检测结果表明 ,ZA - 5型催化剂活性高于A110 - 1型、74- 1型及AC型催化剂 ;ZA - 5 -H型预还原催化剂活性高于A110 - 1-H型及 74- 1-H型催化剂     

焙烧条件对Fe-Mo/ZSM-5催化剂上NO选择性催化还原性能的影响

采用共浸渍法制备了m(Fe):m(Mo)=1的Fe-Mo/ZSM-5催化剂,并对其在不同焙烧条件所得样品上NO选择性催化还原反应活性进行了测试。结果表明,焙烧条件对Fe-Mo/ZSM-5催化性能影响明显,600℃焙烧6 h的样品在低温范围具有较好的催化性能,随着焙烧时间或焙烧温度的增加,其NOx转化率依次向高温方向移动,在800℃焙烧后的样品催化活性明显下降。采用XRD和BET对Fe-Mo/ZSM-5样品的体相结构和表面性能进行了研究。结果表明,不同焙烧条件下Fe-Mo/ZSM-5催化剂的晶胞参数和比表面积产生了差别,特别是焙烧温度达到800℃时,其比表面积显著减小,这可能是导致Fe-Mo/ZSM-5催化性能突然下降的主要原因。焙烧过程中残留在的表面含氮物种对Fe-Mo/ZSM-5催化剂上NO选择性催化还原反应活性影响较大。     

CuO催化剂对氢氰酸氧化的催化性能

通过催化剂制备、氢氰酸的检测方法、催化氧化活性评价以及催化剂热重测试(TG),考察了CuO催化剂对氢氰酸的催化氧化性能,讨论了载体对Cu催化剂的催化活性的影响。研究结果表明,CuO催化剂在较低温度下对氢氰酸有较好的催化活性,载体对催化剂活性的影响较大,负载铜质量分数5％的催化剂活性最高,在实验温度范围内催化剂有较好的热稳定性。     

环己烯水合反应的ZSM-5催化剂的稳定性研究

采用低温N2吸附、IR、XRD和ICP-AES等对用于环己烯水合反应的ZSM-5催化剂的催化活性和稳定性进行研究。结果表明,有机吸附物覆盖ZSM-5催化剂的表面,造成活性和稳定性降低,用H2O2氧化再生法可以有效脱除表面吸附物,恢复活性。当反应时间超过26 h时,由于ZSM-5催化剂脱铝和结晶度降低等原因使催化活性显著降低,沉降分离性能和稳定性变差。     

CNTs负载TiO2对茜素红溶液的降解研究

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,冰醋酸为水解抑制剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO₂/CNTs复合催化剂。测定复合催化剂对不同浓度茜素红溶液的光降解活性,并对光催化降解动力学进行研究。结果表明,在CNTs负载质量分数7.5%、焙烧温度450 ℃和焙烧时间3.5 h条件下制备的TiO₂/CNTs复合催化剂光催化活性得到提升。相同条件下,TiO₂/CNTs对150 mg·L^-1茜素红溶液的最终降解率达67%,而TiO₂的最终降解率只有56%。复合催化剂光催化活性提升的原因是CNTs负载后光催化粒子在紫外光照射下生成更多的氢氧根活性自由基。光催化降解动力学符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood方程,催化剂对污染物的表观吸附是整个反应的“瓶颈”。随着反应浓度的增大,光催化降解反应的反应级数由一级反应逐渐下降为零级反应。     

多孔ZSM-5沸石负载Ni2P催化剂对苯乙炔的选择性加氢性能

以酸性多孔ZSM-5沸石(HZSM-5-M)和高比表面积的氧化硅(SiO2)为载体，采用等体积浸渍法制备了负载Ni2P催化剂(Ni2P/HZSM-5-M和Ni2P/SiO2)，对比研究了它们在苯乙炔选择性加氢反应中的催化性能。采用XRD、N2吸附-脱附、NH3-TPD、H2-TPR、SEM和TEM对载体及其负载的Ni2P催化剂进行了表征。催化剂活性结果为：当反应时间为2 h，苯乙炔在Ni2P/HZSM-5-M催化剂的转化率为98.5%，而在Ni2P/SiO2催化剂上仅为45.6%。说明Ni2P/HZSM-5-M催化剂的加氢活性显著高于Ni2P/SiO2催化剂。这是因为，与Ni2P/SiO2催化剂相比，在Ni2P/HZSM-5-M催化剂上形成了小颗粒的Ni2P活性相。同时，Ni2P/HZSM-5-M催化剂的活性具有良好的重复性。     

钇对甲烷芳构化催化剂Mo／HZSM—5性能影响的研究

研究了稀土钇的含量对Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５催化剂的活性和选择性的影响，发现稀土钇的加入，不同程度上提高了Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５的活性和选择性。特别是，当Ｙ／Ｍｏ＝０．０４时，活性最佳。甲烷在１０２３Ｋ芳构化反应，转化率达１９．６％，苯的选择性达９６．５％，且活性较稳定。     

球形高效催化剂在间歇式聚丙烯装置的应用

介绍了DQ Ⅱ型球形高效催化剂在间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯装置上应用情况，从聚合反应特性、催化剂活性和产品质量等方面进行了讨论，并与非球型高效催化剂进行了对比。结果表明，DQ Ⅱ型催化剂在间歇式聚丙烯装置上具有可靠的适用性，该催化剂活性高，氢调敏感性及操作性能好。聚丙烯产品为直径1～5 mm的球形颗粒，质量优良。     

Co-ZSM-5分子筛催化合成烷基吡啶

Co-ZSM-5分子筛催化剂是一种具有较强催化活性的醛氨缩合催化剂，具有反应条件温和、择形选择性高和副产物较少等优点。研究了在Co-ZSM-5分子筛催化剂上的醛氨缩合反应，考察了反应温度、催化剂用量、原料配比（甲醛/乙醛，摩尔比）、n值（氨/原料，摩尔比）、反应时间以及催化剂使用次数等因素对醛氨缩合反应的影响，系统地研究了醛氨缩合反应的规律，优化了反应条件。研究发现Co-ZSM-5分子筛催化剂的失活过程经历四个阶段：高水平活性稳定期、活性衰退期、低水平活性稳定期和二次活性衰退期四个阶段。升高温度、增大催化剂用量、一定的原料配比和n值、延长反应时间均对提高醛氨缩合反应性能有积极的影响。在温度450 ℃、常压、原料配比为2/3、n值为2和反应时间1～2 h的条件下，反应对烷基吡啶的选择性较高，烷基吡啶的产率可达85％以上。     

Fructose dehydration to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural: Remarkable solvent influence on recyclability of Amberlyst-15 catalyst and regeneration studies

Dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) using Amberlyst-15 catalyst showed significant loss in activity upon reuse in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) while no activity loss in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) even up to seven cycles. The activity variation was monitored through HMF yield, pH and acidity of the catalyst. The loss in activity is attributed to neutralization of amine groups of DMF with acid sites as supported by FT-IR and elemental analysis measurements. Simple dilute acid treatment on the dead catalyst restored activity in DMF. Incidentally, the initial activity increased upon simple mechanical scrubbing of catalyst particles.     

Transformation of olefin over Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst

Olefins in the cracked naphtha can be transformed into aromatics and isoparaffin to reduce the olefin content as well as to improve the octane number. In this work, Ni/HZSM-5 bifunctional catalyst was prepared and was characterized by nitrogen adsorption, FT-IR analysis with adsorbed pyridine as well as by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The activity of the catalyst was investigated with the transformation of 1-hexene. The experimental results show that the main reactions occurring over Ni/HZSM-5 at relatively low temperature are cracking and isomerization of 1-hexene, which results in the high concentration of olefin in the hydrotreated product. The double-bond isomerization of 1-hexene is dominant at low temperature (<220 °C) while the skeletal isomerization is elevated at high temperature, and the aromatization activity of the Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst is promoted by high temperature. The sulfided Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst shows higher aromatization activity than the reduced one and the zeolite supported Ni catalysts show comparatively better stability than that without metal components.     

Liquefaction of municipal waste plastics in VGO over acidic and non-acidic catalysts

Co-processing of municipal waste plastics (MWP) with vacuum gas oil (VGO) over HZSM-5, DHC-8 (commercial silica-alumina catalyst) and cobalt loaded active carbon catalyst has been comparatively studied. Co-processing experiments were carried out under hydrogen atmosphere at temperatures between 425 and 450 °C. The composition, sulphur and chlorine amount of liquid products were determined. The product distribution and the composition of liquids were changed depending upon the temperature and the catalyst type. As expected temperature led to increase in cracking activity of catalysts. DHC-8 and HZSM-5 showed substantially different activities in co-processing due to the difference in their acidity. HZSM-5 gave highest gas yield at all temperatures and highest liquid yield (38.3) at low temperature. Although Co-AC was a neutral catalyst, it showed the cracking activity as well as HZSM-5 and more than DHC-8. No chlorine compound was observed in liquid products. The sulphur amount in liquid products varied with the catalyst type. Although HZSM-5 showed good cracking activity at low temperatures, it gave the liquid product containing highest sulphur amount. By considering both the quantity and quality of liquid fuel obtained from co-processing, it may be concluded that Co-AC gave the best result in the co-processing of the MWP/VGO blend. To observe the effect of metal type loaded on active carbon on catalyst activity, a series of co-processing experiments was also carried out.     

用PG型催化剂生产聚丙烯

在气相法聚丙烯装置上使用PG型催化剂生产聚丙烯1102K,并与装置原来使用的进口催化剂进行了比较,对比评价了催化剂配制情况、催化剂活性、催化剂单耗,对氢气的敏感性、熔体流动速率可调性、对原料适应性、聚丙烯粒径分布.结果表明:PG型催化剂的活性较高,达到23.736 5 kg/g(以.每克催化剂生产聚丙烯的质量计),比进口催化剂高40％;装置操作稳定,所产聚丙烯1102K树脂颗粒形态好,产品质量达到进口催化剂生产1102K树脂的水平.     

TiO2/海泡石负载型催化剂的制备及其光催化活性

采用混合焙烧方法,制得TiO2/海泡石负载型催化剂,研究了在该催化剂催化作用下,水溶液中邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）的光催化降解行为.结果表明：催化剂的用量和TiO2的负载量对光催化降解速率都有影响.对于负载型催化剂,TiO2的负载量对其催化活性及DEP的降解速率有较大影响.当使用A101/海泡石催化剂,用量为2 g/L和4 g/L时,TiO2负载量的较佳值均为5%.并对负载型催化剂的形貌及晶型进行了X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析.     

分子筛负载V_2 O_5催化剂在NH_3选择还原Nox反应中的性能

以分子筛为载体,采用低温浸渍法制备负载V_2O_5催化剂。采用XRD、FT-IR和SEM等手段对催化剂进行表征,并在固定床微型反应器中对催化剂活性进行评价。结果表明,以PSRY为载体的V_2O_5/PSRY催化剂活性较好,金属助剂Cu(Cu与V物质的量比为0.1)的加入使V_2O_5/PSRY催化剂活性提高,T(85)为231℃。     

Synergic effect of Pd/γ-alumina and Cu/ZSM-5 on the performance of NO x storage reduction catalyst

NO _x reduction with a combination of catalysts, Pd catalyst, NO _x storage reduction (NSR) catalyst and Cu/ZSM-5 in turn, was investigated to elucidate for the high NO _x reduction activity of this catalyst combination under oxidative atmosphere with periodic deep rich operation. The catalytic activity was evaluated using the simulated exhaust gases with periodically fluctuation between oxidative and reductive atmospheres, and it was found that the NO _x reduction activity with this catalyst combination was apparently higher than that of the solely accumulation of these individual activities, which was caused by the additional synergic effect by this combination. The Pd catalyst upstream of the NSR catalyst improved NO _x storage ability by NO₂ formation under oxidative atmosphere. The stored NO _x was reduced to NH₃ on the NSR catalyst, and the generated NH₃ was adsorbed on Cu/ZSM-5 downstream of the NSR catalyst under the reductive atmosphere, and subsequently reacted with NO _x on the Cu/ZSM-5 under the oxidative atmosphere.     

在改性HZSM-5和氧气气氛下氧化二苯并噻吩

以氧气为氧化剂,使用14种金属离子改性的HZSM-5为催化剂,对含二苯并噻吩(DBT)的模型硫化物进行氧化脱硫实验,筛选最佳催化剂,并考察了最佳催化剂的金属负载量、催化剂用量、反应温度、氧气流速、反应时间对二苯并噻吩转化率的影响。实验结果表明,经钨原子改性的HZSM-5活性最好。最佳反应条件为:以WO3/HZSM-5(W原子质量分数为8%)为催化剂,反应温度90℃,氧气流速100 mL/min,反应时间5 h时,DBT转化率可达100%。催化剂经离心分离、干燥、煅烧后循环使用5次,活性没有明显下降。     

乙苯氧化脱氢制苯乙烯催化剂

制备了二氧化碳选择氧化乙苯（EB）制苯乙烯的催化剂。实验结果表明,VAPO-5分子筛是一种适宜的催化剂载体,且本身已含有高分散的活性组分钒,具有较好的催化活性。VAPO-5负载Ni、Ce、Mo后催化剂的催化效果比较好,其中负载Ni的效果最好,苯乙烯收率可达38.5％;此外,添加碱土金属助催化剂如Mg或稀土元素La后,乙苯转化率明显提高,前者的苯乙烯收率高达44.1％。     

Enhanced activity of an In–Fe2O3/H-ZSM-5 catalyst for NO reduction with methane

Selective reduction of NO by CH₄ on an In–Fe₂O₃/H-ZSM-5 catalyst was investigated in the presence of excess oxygen. Compared with In/H-ZSM-5, the In–Fe₂O₃/H-ZSM-5 catalyst with high Fe₂O₃ contents showed higher activity in a wide range of reaction temperatures. It was found that the addition of Fe₂O₃ yielded a promotion effect on CH₄ activation. The influence of water vapor on NO conversion was also investigated. The activity of the In/H-ZSM-5 catalyst has been found to be strongly inhibited by water vapor, while the In–Fe₂O₃/H-ZSM-5 catalyst remained fairly active in the presence of 3.3% steam.     

均匀设计在负载型酯化催化剂制备中的应用

:以离子交换树脂为载体 ,用均匀设计方法考查了负载型酯化催化剂制备中负载金属盐用量 ,负载温度 ,负载时间和载体粒度等因素对催化剂活性的影响。获得的回归方程能较好地反映各因素与催化剂活性的关系。在优化的实验条件下制备的负载型催化剂 ,对乙酸和乙醇的酯化反应具有较高的催化活性。在用量为反应体系中醋酸量的 5%时 ,反应 1 h,酯的转化率达 36.56%。比没有进行负载处理的离子交换树脂 ,在同样的条件下酯的转化率提高 1 7.32个百分点。