镀锌黑钝化工艺

通过氯化物镀锌黑钝化在装饰和防蚀产品上的应用，对其工艺配方和技术条件作了具体介绍。     

食盐镀锌工艺的发展前景

从镀锌工艺的发展入手,通过考察,介绍食盐镀锌工艺的优点,指出这是高效而又具有经济效益很有发展前景的工艺。     

新一代氯化钾镀锌添加剂LAN-930

氯化钾镀锌作为取代氰化镀锌的较成功工艺之一，得到广泛应用。经30多年应用，越来越多的应用者逐渐认识到传统氯化钾镀锌工艺存在几大难题难以攻克：     

电解铜箔镀锌工艺的研究

本文讨论了电解铜箔采用硫酸盐工艺镀锌的方法,并对工艺配方及工艺条件进行了优化研究,表明采用该工艺对电解铜箔进行镀锌,能达到质量要求,且工艺稳定,操作方便,成本低则一种理想的镀锌铜箔生产工艺。     

镀锌中的绿色技术

传统的镀锌工艺在防止金属遭受腐蚀同时不可避免地带来严重的环境污染，各学科的交叉和边缘科学的发展为彻底改变传统镀锌工艺的面貌提供了可能性，研究和开发无公害的新颖的镀锌工艺已成为本行业专业人员的共同目标，被誉为表面工程中的“绿色技术”，列举了一些镀锌工艺中的成功实例，展现了镀锌“绿色技术”的美好前景。     

镀锌白钝化工艺实践

几年来,在镀锌白钝化工艺方面作了大量的实验工作。在生产中对传统的镀锌钝白艺,氢氧化钠漂白工艺,氢氧化钠和硫化钠组合的漂白工艺都进行了尝试,认为它们各有自己的不足。为了满足用户的需要,我们进行了大量的试验工作,摸索了一种新的漂白工艺。该工艺成份简单,溶液稳定,容易调整。经漂白的锌表面白净光亮。两年来的生产实践表明该工艺行之有效。产品深受用户好评。工艺流程如下:     

镀锌波形护栏表层出现不均匀黑色产物原因分析

目前我国高速公路大多采用热浸镀锌波形护栏。在正常工艺条件下制造的护栏可得到较高的强度、耐磨性能及优良的耐蚀性,同时具有一定的装饰效果。某公司承接安装在合肥地区高速公路上的护栏,在安装后仅2～3个月,其表面便出现不均匀的黑色产物,失去了表面明亮的光泽,不再具有装饰作用。为查明其原因,进行了如下分析。     

碱性锌酸盐镀锌工艺的改进

介绍一种适合于矿山采煤机械要求镀锌/磷化/喷涂(二硫化钼)覆合防腐层中的锌镀层工艺技术。通过对常规锌酸盐镀锌工艺的改进,其锌镀层厚度在35μm以上,镀层经200℃,2小时的烘烤后不起皮,不起泡。     

机械镀锌工艺在油箱体内表面的应用试验

采用机械镀锌工艺在热轧板焊接油箱内表面形成完整镀锌层，经中性盐雾腐蚀试验、耐油性试验、结合强度试验等检测表明，油箱内表面机械镀锌镀层完全合格。从而避免了传统电镀锌板直接焊接成型油箱内表面漏镀、焊缝及热影响区锌层烧损等缺陷。     

电镀技艺诀窍(二)

2电镀工艺 2.1镀锌 常规的镀锌工艺主要有氰化物（高、中、低氰）镀锌、碱性锌酸盐镀锌、氯化物镀锌，这些工艺都比较成熟稳定。     

The method of production of damask steel

The Russian term is "bulat" steel and to bulat is related the understanding of steel with high elastic and cutting properties, for which a unique microstructure, a patterned surface, is characteristic. To it was imparted special value and it was assumed to be a compulsory component of damask steel. The word "bulat" is of Iranian origin (pulad).In the modern understanding steel is a material with a certain chemical composition and damask steel does not fit under it.     

时间分割渐开线插补新算法

渐开线是机器零件中重要轮廓曲线之一。普通数控系统没有渐开线插补功能，故无法加工。时间分割是典型的数据采样插补算法，它较之脉冲增量插补法有一系列优点。渐开线要实现时间分割插补算法，其关键是要在很短的插补周期内，计算出各坐标轴的进给增量，因此要找到既简单而又精确的插补计算公式，特别是要避免复杂的、耗时的三角函数运算。文章提出了一个基于圆弧插补的渐开线时间分割插补的新算法。而所用的圆弧插补也有别于现有文献记载的方法：因此这个方法计算简单，结果精确．可以用于数控加工。     

Effect of strain rate on solidification crack susceptibility of different metals

In this paper,a slow bending speed varestraint test method with con-tinuously adjustable deformation rate for testing hot cracking sensitivity is de-veloped and its working principle is described.From great amounts of tests,itis known that strain rate affects the sensitivity of solidification crack because ofits influnce on material ductility in BTR directly.The smaller the strain rate,the better the ductility and the lower the solidification crack sensitivity.The ex-tent of this effect varies with different materials,for LF-6 aluminum alloy,it isgreat,but for 16Mn,19Mn5 and 20G steels,it is small.Through systematicinvestigation,it is concluded that strain rate of a metal during welding can belowered and the resistance to solidification crack can be enhanced by reducingstructrual restraint and by adjustment of welding parameters.     

辅助阳极在电弧离子镀和磁控溅射技术中的应用和研究进展

按照位置分类,概述了3类辅助阳极。第1类布置在阴极附近,能起到吸引电子,增大离化率,并降低沉积温度的效果,同时若有带负电的离子,也会被吸引至阳极;第2类布置在基片的背面,在吸引电子达到阳极的过程中,会增大基片附近工艺气体和沉积物的离化率,正离子在负偏压的引导下会和基底发生碰撞,达到基底活化或者提高膜层质量的目的;第3类为特殊工件类,如管内壁镀膜时通过辅助阳极的布置,提高管腔内等离子体的均匀性,从而增加膜层厚度和质量的一致性。辅助阳极的增加只需在真空室特定位置布置特定形状的阳极即可,即使需要额外引线,只需一个接线法兰口就能完成,非常方便。辅助阳极加载的正电压一般在0至几百伏之间,如果是0,则直接和真空腔室连接即可,必要时串联电阻。辅助阳极技术具有改变离子能量和方向的特点,能起到对大颗粒的抑制作用,能改变到达膜层表面离子的能量,对膜层质量的提高具有重要意义,值得推广。     

均匀化处理对3004铝合金铸轧板坯组织性能的影响

3004铝合金板带材是汽车制造业、制罐工业的主要材料。目前主要采用热轧生产,因此用铸轧法生产3004铝合金带坯具有重要的创新意义。3004铝合金在熔铸过程中易产生偏析,轧制前必须进行均匀化处理。均匀化处理的效果主要取决于均匀化温度和均匀化时间。本文研究了580℃的均匀化温度下,不同均匀化时间对铸轧板坯组织性能的影响。     

Study of wind-toughness of metal arc welding with reference to multi-pass weld metal quality

The maximum cause to make mechanical toughness of a weld metal reduce in process management is known to be a mixture of nitrogen including in the atmosphere by breaking the shield condition. Mixture of the atmosphere is prevented by blowing the shielding gas such as carbon dioxide, argon, and this mixture to the arc and the molten pool in gas metal arc welding, but it is easily affected by wind. Therefore, it has been recommended conventionally that wind velocity should be controlled to less than 2.0 m/s. But it is thought that this recommendation value is unsuitable to produce multi-pass weld metal with high mechanical and porosity toughness properties because this was provided from examination results by only consideration of porosity toughness of single-pass weld metal but non-consideration mechanical toughness. In this paper, the shielding condition is evaluated not only chemical analysis and mechanical properties of multi-pass weld metal in some velocity wind environment but also visualizing varied shielding gas behaviour by the Schlieren method. As a result, it is necessary to control the wind velocity to less than 0.5 m/s to produce multi-pass weld metal with good properties. And the calculated velocity of shielding gas should be controlled to more than twice the wind velocity.     

差动变压器式位移传感器的结构优化及其数字接口电路设计

差动变压器可以将机械位移转换成与它成正比的电信号,因此,可以方便地用来测量机械位移。本文在分析差动变压器工作原理的基础上,提出采用结构优化方法来提高传感器的测量范围,并通过施加不同的励磁信号,可以对其它相关的机械参数同时进行测量,最后给出了数字接口电路,进行了实验验证。     

两片罐的拱底形状对于拱底耐压性能影响的研究

拱底耐压能力是两片罐的一项重要性能指标,通常要求拱底耐压性能达到90psi以上.随着DI材厚度的减薄,拱底耐压性能会下降,因此,需要分析罐底形状对拱底耐压性能的影响,以便于对罐底形状进行设计,提高两片罐的抗拱底翻转能力.本文在对两片罐的拱底失稳过程有限元模拟的基础上,计算出两片罐的拱底失稳压力值,分析了主要的拱底形状参数如拱底直径、拱顶圆弧半径、拱底内侧角等对两片罐拱底抗翻转性能的影响.结果表明,较小的拱底直径和拱底内侧角对于提高拱底抗翻转能力是有利的;适当增大拱顶圆弧,可以一定程度上提高拱底抗失稳能力,但如果拱顶圆弧过大,反而会导致拱底耐压性能的急速下降.     

A critical review of the protection of metals by paints

The literature has been reviewed in order to categorize the reasons why paint films protect metals, and how they eventually degrade. The early work is examined which showed that the rate-controlling process in the corrosion degradation of some painted metals was the diffusion of ions through the paint film. The processes of water and oxygen permeation, being faster than on unpainted samples, were not rate controlling for these paint films. Later work is then discussed which indicates the importance of other factors, e.g. oxygen permeation may well be rate determining with some paint films; in some cases ionic diffusion rates are so low that, although they may be the slowest process, they cannot be rate controlling; and although water permeability in most cases cannot be the rate-controlling step because it is too fast, it may well be the rate-controlling factor in the loss of adhesion. It is demonstrated that the rate-controlling factor for one type of painted metal is not necessarily the same as for another and therefore it can be sometimes misleading to extrapolate the results of one system to that of another.     

轧制工艺对热轧钨板材组织和性能的影响

比较了一火一道，一火两道和一火三道的热轧工艺制度对钨板材质量的影响，结果表明：采用传统的一火一道工艺轧制的板材无开裂，工艺可靠，但板材纤维组织粗大，有部分再结晶组织出现，切削和磨削过程中出现掉渣现象；采用一火两道工艺轧制时，通过减少两道次轧制之间的时间，可以充分保证板材轧制温度和塑性，轧制的板材中纤维组织细小均匀，保留部分亚晶粒组织。通过适当延长板材最终退火时间可提高后续加工性能；采用一火三道次轧制时，板材加工温度明显降低，加工后出现明显的边裂，加工性能明显降低。因此，可以采用一火两道次工艺轧制磨光钨板材，从而实现加工工艺的优化。