广西2021年早晚籼优质稻主要品种品质测报分析（网络首发、推荐阅读）

通过对广西2021年度推广种植的野香优、广粮香2号、百香、丝香四个主要品种系列的早晚籼优质稻谷品种进行采样，按照《优质稻谷》《中国好粮油 稻谷》《广西好粮油 广西香米》标准中规定质量品质指标进行检测，并依据检测数据对四个主要稻谷品种在不同季节、不同种植区域以及同一种植区域不同种植季节品质变化情况进行对比分析研究，寻找优质稻因品种、产地、种植季节不同对其品质的影响规律，为优质稻谷品种的选育和推广种植工作提供科学依据和数据支持，促进广西优质粮食产业和“广西香米”产业进一步发展。     

不同生态条件下烟草品种产量与品质的变化

对红花大金元、K326、G28、NC82、V2、云烟317、云烟85、云烟87、K346、K358、RG11、RG17和Coker371在云南省8个生态区的产质变化进行了研究,结果表明:①参试品种在不同生态区种植,烟叶品质的变化大于产量变化,说明生态因素主要是影响烟叶的品质。②不同品种在同一生态区种植,品种间烟叶品质的差异大于产量差异,说明品种间的差异主要是品质上的差异。③不同品种在同一生态区种植,品种间的产质量差异小于同一品种在不同生态区种植生态间造成的产质量差异,说明生态因素间造成的产质变化大于品种间的变化。④各品种有其特定的适应区域,一些品种适应区域较广、适应性强,有些品种适应区域较窄,其中:云烟85和K326适应性强,K358和K346适应性较强,云烟317和RG11适应性一般,红花大金元、G28、NC82、V2、云烟87、RG17等其它品种适应性较弱。     

农产品增值小技巧

<正>增加花色同一品种的多样性能满足消费者的不同需求。像花生,可以种植黑花生、白花生、红花生。菜豆除种绿荚品种外,还可种黄荚品种、红荚品种。玉米可种植黑玉米、糯玉米、甜玉米、高油玉米、高蛋白玉米。多样性可以更好地满足不同需求,收入自然不菲。     

地域对小麦品种品质的影响

铜川市地处陕西省中部、关中盆地和陕北高原交接地带,具有关中平原、渭北旱塬和山茆沟壑地形地域,对铜川市近5年来适宜种植的小麦4个品种进行了调查与分析,结果表明小麦不同品种及其不同的种植地域对其主要品质有较大影响。     

印度人与香蕉

香蕉是印度最为重要的农作物。人们不仅在田地里种植香蕉。而且在房前屋后的空地上种植它。印度的香蕉有许多的品种,每一种都有其独特的口味、香气和特殊的用途,且不同地区的人们对香蕉品种有不同的偏爱。     

适应甘蔗机械收获的不同种植行距和品种试验

为探讨适宜机械化收获宽行距种植的品种适应性,从2011年始对广西的主推品种进行了不同种植行距试验。结果表明,粤糖55号、粤糖00-236、桂糖32号、桂糖31号、ROC22等甘蔗品种对宽行距种植都具有良好的适应性。当种植行距增大到适宜大中型机械收获的1.3-1.4 m时,甘蔗产量比行距1.1 m的略有提高。     

不同质量类型香料烟品种在云南保山香料烟产区的适应性研究

对国内外种植面积较大的几个不同质量类型的香料烟品种在云南保山香料烟区进行了2年的适应性研究,结果表明:芳香型品种在云南保山种植质量表现均较好,吃味型品种Samsun表现中等,Canic在产量和单体烟评结果两方面表现较好,可适当开发,中性型品种Kabakoulak表现较差,不适于在云南保山香料烟区种植。      

不同水稻品种抗镉富集能力研究

采用田间实验,选取3块稻田种植创优华占、Y两优957、Y两优911、旺两优958、旺两优950等5个水稻品种,通过对土壤pH值、土壤和稻谷重金属Cd含量的测定,分析不同品种水稻重金属Cd吸收积累特性。结果表明:土壤在实验水稻种植期间pH值和重金属Cd含量未发生变化;水稻在三个稻田种植实验组中重金属Cd含量差异较大,Y两优911品种重金属Cd含量最低(0.101～0.228mg/kg);对不同品种稻谷重金属Cd含量进行3个聚类分析,第Ⅲ类的Y两优911和创优华占稻谷重金属Cd含量最低;在不同品种稻谷重金属Cd富集能力分析中,Y两优911重金属Cd富集能力低于其他品种(P0.01)。综上所述,水稻Y两优911品种重金属Cd吸收积累相对吸收较小,可以在中、低重金属污染农田中安全种植。     

微波消解—流动注射化学发光法测定小麦中铬及其生物吸收比

研究小麦及其土壤中微量铬的相关性,为富铬小麦品种的选育和富铬功能性食品的开发提供科学依据。用微波消解样品,建立流动注射化学发光法测定彩色小麦、普通小麦以其土壤中铬含量的方法。结果表明:在五个地区种植的六个品种小麦,铬含量在0.126 3~0.451 6μg/g之间。不同品种小麦的铬含量有所不同,普通紫麦的铬含量较高;同一品种小麦在不同地区种植,其铬含量也不同,商丘地区小麦铬含量较高。在同一生长环境下,不同品种的小麦铬的生物吸收比不同,普通紫麦的生物吸收比较大,商丘地区种植的普通紫麦的生物吸收比高达27.62%,是补充铬的理想原料,有一定的培育前景。     

云南烤烟主要推广品种适宜种植区域划分

对11个参试品种在云南省11个地州60个试验点的综合表现进行了分析,将参试品种的试验点划分为6个生态相似区,并提出了不同品种在不同生态相似区的品质特征和适种程度,建议云南烟区以云烟85、云烟87和K326为主栽品种,搭配种植红花大金元、K346、G28等,局部烟区搭配种植云烟317、V2、RG11等品种。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the