450t／h循环流化床锅炉床温控制改造分析

循环流化床锅炉是一种新型产品,本文介绍了其结构构成和各设备的工作原理。详细介绍了床温控制系统,分析了床温控制的几个特性。针对影响循环流化床锅炉床温的几个变量,提出床温控制中的一些现象,探讨床温控制调节的几种方法,并对床温控制系统改造的相关问题作一些具体的分析。     

三相三线电能表几种典型错误接线的分析及类比

本文通过分析电能表的电压、电流相量图,计算功率表达式及更正系数的方法,分析了几种典型的错误接线情况,并对这几种情况进行分类比较,总结出分析错误接线的几个步骤。     

对低应变动测技术在基桩检测中的应用研究

低应变动力检测技术作为一种成熟的桩身质量检测方法正在被越来越多的应用到工程实践中去,本文通过对几个典型检测信号的分析对低应变检测技术作了探讨。     

关于罐顶气录井影响原因及其应用状况的分析

罐顶气录井是一种科学的钻井检测工作方法,它称之为轻烃气相色谱录井法,这种方法的应用范围比较狭窄,主要是应用于储集层油气的水平价工作。为了更好的进行罐顶气录井的工作,需要从几个方面探讨它的影响因素,特别是钻井液的性质,样品的类型,原油性质等几个方面,进行罐顶气录井的影响评价分析。     

常用基坑支护方法介绍与案例分析

本文对于几种常用的基坑支护方法进行了简单的介绍,并浅要地分析了两个案例。     

继电保护可靠运行的控制分析

继电保护能反应电力系统中电气元件发生短路故障或异常状态，是一种能够发出信号的一种自动装置，提高其运行的可靠性具有重要的现实意义。本文首先分析了继电保护的概念和作用，分析了影响继电保护可靠运行的几个主要因素，并针对继电保护系统的几个主要因素，确保继电保护可靠运行的控制做了研究分析。     

浅析数控设备回参考点过程及常见故障

回参考点操作是数控设备在加工之前需要执行的一种特殊操作。本文以西门子数控系统为例,阐述了数控设备回参考点的过程,并结合工作中的几个维修实例分析了故障的原因及处理方法。     

Ky Fan矩阵特征值定理的进一步推广

对矩阵特征值估计的Ky Fan定理进行了推广，得到了它的几个推广形式，并提出了矩阵特征值估计的一种方法，对几个算例进行评估，认为较已有方法稍好。     

二氧化碳地质处置简介

现阶段，节能减排已经成为整个社会的主题。本文通过对几种二氧化碳地质处置的简介并进行初步的分析来介绍当今科学界对二氧化碳地质处置的几个方法。     

介绍一种短边小于100mm的宽座角尺内外角检定方法

本文对直角尺检定规程中几个检定项目的检定方法通过误差分析进行了讨论，并介绍一种在万能工具显微镜上用影象法对短边小于１００ｍｍ的宽座角尺内外角进行检定的更为合理的方法。     

管线、容器、储罐中残留瓦斯气的准确定量

炼油化工厂的检修中,都要进行管线的切割和容器、储罐的焊接作业,这些作业中要求容器中的瓦斯含量要非常小(一般要小于0.1%),而且检修要求分析一定要快速、准确。本文很好地解决了这两个问题。     

Design and implementation of an information system for performance assessment of management and organization in a gas refinary

Abstract

The objective of this study is to present an information system for assessment of management and organization in a gas refinery. To achieve the objective of this study, Balanced Score Card (BSC) methodology was utilized to categorize management and organization indicators into four categories. The data related to a five year period was then collected to provide a benchmark for the refinery. Furthermore, the data from 19 developed and developing countries were collected for the purpose of benchmarking. A t‐test was then introduced to benchmark the refinery's management and organization indicators. Moreover, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to analyze and further assess the violated indicators. Finally, an integrated information system was designed in .Net environment by C#. It was introduced to facilitate the assessment of management and organization indicators. This is the first study that introduces an information system for performance assessment of management and organization in a gas refinery by integration of BSC, DEA and t‐test.     

插层法制备聚合物基纳米复合材料研究进展

聚合物基纳米复合材料具有常规聚合物基复合材料所没有的结构、形态以及较常规聚合物基复合材料具有更优异的力学性能、耐热性能和气体液体阻隔性能等而显示出重要的科学意义和应用前景。本文综述插层法制备聚合物基纳米复合材料近几年的研究进展情况，总结了层状硅酸盐结构、插层剂选择、制备方法等问题。对制备过程进行了热力学和动力学分析，介绍了纳米复合材料表征方法，并对纳米复合材料的性能和应用进行了讨论。     

Numerical simulation of high-pressure gas atomization of two-phase flow: Effect of gas pressure on droplet size distribution

This paper deals with the physics of high-pressure gas atomization in metal powder production. To gain understanding of the effect of gas pressure on droplet size distribution, a numerical two-phase flow study is performed using Eulerian-Eulerian Volume of Fluid (VOF) interface tracking method. Annular-slit, close-coupled gas atomizer is considered to atomize molten aluminum using nitrogen as the atomizing gas. Four cases with different gas pressures are considered, while geometry and other operational parameters are fixed. Characteristics of several interfacial instabilities have been identified at different stages of the atomization process. Despite the increment in the rate of the atomization with the increasing gas pressure, deformation characteristics and the breakup mechanisms remain unchanged. Droplet size and the cumulative volume distributions indicate that the effectiveness of the atomization process increases with the elevating gas pressure. Cumulative volume obtained from the numerical simulations at low gas pressures display similar trends to the experimental results.     

炼厂气标准气体气相色谱比对方法的研究(上)

叙述了炼厂气标准气体气相色谱的比对方法和条件并对气相色谱分析方法的精密度进行了考察,该方法用于国际计量委员会(CIPM)物质量咨询委员会(CCQM)组织的CCQM-K77炼厂气标准气体的国际比对中,取得了理想的实验结果,达到了国际的等效性。     

大口径毛细管柱在石油化工领域的应用

介绍了大口径毛细管柱在炼油厂液化石油气组成分析方面的应用,该方法简便、快捷、准确。     

炼厂气标准气体气相色谱比对方法的研究(下)

叙述了炼厂气标准气体气相色谱的比对方法和条件并对气相色谱分析方法的精密度进行了考察,该方法用于国际计量委员会(CIPM)物质量咨询委员会(CCQM)组织的CCQM-K77炼厂气标准气体的国际比对中,取得了理想的实验结果,达到了国际的等效性。     

油气田天然气流量计量系统的校准

介绍油气田天然气孔板流量计量系统的校准方法。根据实际情况,提出在油气平台现场进行天然气流量计量系统整体校准的新方法。操作过程简单,可以得到系统在结算状态下的误差,并能快速发现系统产生误差的主要原因。     

Least cost SO2 emission minimization for a petroleum refinery by optimum use of source reduction, tail gas treatment and flue gas desulphurization

With the growing awareness on the necessity to preserve the environment, pollution standards are turning more stringent and minimization of waste at the source has become the first choice option rather than the end-of-pipe treatment. The objective of the present research is to identify the optimum combination of source reduction (SR), tail gas treatment (TGT) and flue gas desulphurization (FGD) to minimize the total cost of overall SO₂ emission from a petroleum refinery to various desired limits. It has been found that for the typical refinery considered, the TGT is the lowest cost option than either SR or FGD; however, only a maximum of ~12.5% reduction is achievable through the TGT. After full utilization of TGT, for the next range of SO₂ emission reductions from ~12.5% to ~64%, the SR is more economical than FGD. For a still stringent SO₂ emission limit, i.e. SO₂ emission reduction higher than ~64%, the full utilization of the TGT and the optimum use of SR and FGD are the best options.     

液氢管路绝热设计与效果分析

通过总结液氢管路绝热设计和使用的经验,着重分析了夹层气体压强与漏热和表观导热系数以及气体压强回升与时间的定量关系,提出了工程设计中绝热性能及真空寿命的确定方法.