纺织品及纺织化学品中的高关注度物质(SVHC)

通过结合REACH法规的最新73种候选物质清单和附件要求,主要介绍了纺织品及纺织化学品中可能涉及的邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂、阻燃剂、挥发性有机化合物(VOC)、致癌芳香胺重金属、其他类型环境荷尔蒙等高关注度物质的来源、相关标准的限制要求。这将有利于企业了解生态环保的国际技术要求,及早制定策略,改进产品环保性能,积极应对各类贸易技术壁垒。     

纺织供应链化学品管理

随着标准法规的更新和有害化学物质零排放(Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals,ZDHC)缔约品牌组织的推动,纺织供应链中越来越多的企业加入了绿色制造行列。本文从纺织供应链生态管控历程、纺织供应链限用物质管控重点以及纺织供应链化学品生态评估及化学品管理审核等3方面阐述了纺织供应链限用物质清单(Restricted Substance List,RSL)管控对象的变化与进展,以及源头化学品管理的重要性和需加强的方面。     

禁限用纺织化学品新动态(一)

当前纺织化学品的安全性问题仍是影响纺织化学品行业和染整行业发展的主要障碍之一。阐述了2015年以来国际市场上禁限用纺织化学品的最新动态,包括欧洲化学管理局的第13批、第14批高度关注物质(SVHC)候选清单,有害化学物质零排放(ZDHC)生产限用物质清单1.1版及化学品管理系统指导手册(纺织、鞋类、皮革),Oeko-Tex Standard 100的2016版内容,美国服装和鞋履协会发布的第16版限制物质清单,以及欧盟发布的2015年有害物质管理标准等。     

欧盟第三批REACH授权物质建议清单列入13种高关注度物质

欧洲化学品管理局（ECHA）已向欧盟委员会建议．增加13种高关注度物质为授权物质，这些物质因具敛癌性、致突变性，或生殖毒性（或综合上述）而被分类为具危害性的物质。欧盟委员会经过审查决议后，     

昂高收购巴斯夫纺织化学品业务

昂高是一家生产用于纺织、造纸和乳液的特种化学品的全球领先企业．是私人投资公司SK资本（SK Capital Partners）旗下的一家公司。昂高近日宣布和巴斯夫就收购巴斯夫的全球纺织化学品业务达成了协议。     

2022年禁限用纺织化学品最新进展

2021年,全球新冠肺炎疫情不但仍在持续蔓延,而且还出现了多种新的变异体。纺织化学品行业和染整行业的人除了要与新冠病毒抗争之外,还要不断强化对各种有害纺织化学品的管控。从REACH法规中3个限制物质清单的新变化、STANDARD100 by OEKO-TEX的新规定和AAFA限制物质清单的新要求等3个方面阐述2022年国际市场上禁限用纺织化学品的最新进展。     

昂高完成收购巴斯夫纺织化学品业务

美国私人投资公司SK Capital Partners旗下的投资组合公司昂高（Archroma）近日宣布,该公司已完成了对巴斯夫的全球纺织化学品业务的收购。昂高公司是纺织特种化学品、造纸解决方案和乳剂产品领域的全球领先企业,该项收购进一步巩固了昂高在行业内的领先地位,以更好地为全球纺织与造纸行业提供化学品和染料。     

纺织化学品管理刻不容缓

正全球纺织化学品年产量约640万吨,其中42%被我国消耗;在国际化学秘书处发布的上市公司的极高关注物质危险图中,纺织品和服装位居第三全球纺织化学品包括100个门类,1.6万个品种,我国生产的品种近3000种;全球纺织化学品年产量约640万吨,其中42%被我国消耗,规模世界第一。同时,     

纺织化学品海上运输物质损害的赔偿法律问题研究

为全面落实"十三五"发展规划,2016年,全国各省的纺织品染料生产企业在"一带一路"倡议、"供给侧结构性改革"的指导下,进一步细化了战略发展内容,加强了纺织化学品出口贸易工作的开展。作为纺织化学品进出口贸易的主要途径之一,海上运输在国家政策的引导下输出量持续增长,但与之而来的货物损害问题让不少纺织化学品生产商家感到困扰,为此,结合现行法律赔偿条例,对纺织化学品物质损害赔偿问题进行研究,确保纺织化学品生产厂商的合法利益不受侵犯。     

纺织化学品中有害物质检测方法研究进展

纺织化学品主要指染料和纺织助剂,在赋予纺织品优良特性和特殊功能的同时,也成为纺织品在上游生产过程中有害物质的主要来源。科学合理的管控与检测,即在源头规范及掌握其化学成分组成,可在根本上保障纺织品的质量安全。综述了近年来纺织化学品中有害物质检测中常用的前处理技术及仪器分析技术,同时讨论了不同技术的特性及差异,最后总结提出了该领域尚存在的问题,并对未来的研究重点及新颖研究技术应用进行了展望。     

Changes in smoking prevalence in Ukraine in 2001-5

Objectives

To analyse trends in smoking prevalence in Ukraine from three surveys conducted in 2001–5, and to explore correlates of observed changes, in order to estimate the stage of tobacco epidemic in Ukraine.

Design

Repeated national interview surveys in Ukraine in 2001, 2002 and 2005.

Main outcome measure

Prevalence of current smoking among the population aged ⩾15 years.

Results

The age‐standardised prevalence of current smoking in Ukrainian men was 54.8% in 2001 and 66.8% in 2005. Among Ukrainian women, prevalence increased from 11.5% in 2001 to 20.0% in 2005. ORs for yearly increase in prevalence were estimated as 1.164 (95% CI 1.111 to 1.220) for men and 1.187 (1.124 to 1.253) for women, which implies that, on average, 3–4% of men and 1.5–2% of women living in Ukraine join the smoking population each year.

Conclusions

In Ukraine, smoking prevalence is increasing in most population groups. Among men, the medium deprivation group with secondary education has the highest smoking prevalence. Among women, while the most educated, young and those living in larger cities are the leading group for tobacco use, other groups are also increasing their tobacco use. Tobacco promotion efforts appear to have been significantly more effective in Ukraine than smoking control efforts. The decrease in real cigarette prices in Ukraine in 2001–5 could be the main factor explaining the recent growth in smoking prevalence.Ukraine is a large eastern European country with high smoking prevalence. Tobacco products are widely available at very low prices, and the transnational tobacco industry is extremely successful in promoting its products and lobbying for its interests in the legislative field. Advocacy of tobacco control has only recently achieved some success in the legislative field, with the first tobacco control law being adopted in late 2005. Ukraine ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006, but there is still much cause for concern regarding the enforcement and effectiveness of the adopted legislative measures. Unfortunately, the government is not yet involved in nationwide surveillance of the tobacco problem, and the available data have mostly been gathered with funding from foreign donors. Several attempts have been made to measure the extent of the tobacco epidemic in the countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU).^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7} Most of these studies have shown rather high smoking prevalence among men (50–70%) and comparatively low prevalence among women (5–20%). Most countries in the FSU have similar smoking rates, while certain trends are shown to be related to the differences in how the transnational tobacco industry succeeds in every national tobacco market.⁶ Unfortunately, few studies have been published showing trends in smoking prevalence in the FSU.⁷ In Ukraine, two studies^3,4 provided point estimates of smoking prevalence.The aim of this study was to analyse trends in smoking prevalence in Ukraine, on the basis of three surveys conducted in 2001–5, and to explore correlates of observed changes in order to estimate the stage of the tobacco epidemic in Ukraine.     

2010年河南省部分食品中重金属污染状况分析

了解河南省部分食品中重金属污染的现状。方法 在河南省18个省辖市采集8大类3 657份食品样品,按照国家标准检测食品中铅、镉和汞的含量,检测结果按照GB 2762—2012《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》进行评价。结果 河南省部分食品中铅含量的平均值为0.34 mg/kg,总体超标率为8.8%(320/3 656),其中粮食、肉类和蔬菜中超标率较高,分别为17.2%(95/552)、14.5%(85/587)和10.7%(57/534);部分食品中镉含量的平均值为0.054 mg/kg,总体超标率为3.9%(143/3 657),其中食用菌和蛋类中超标率较高,分别为9.6%(49/508)和8.1%(42/518);部分食品中汞含量的平均值为0.077 mg/kg,总体超标率为8.3%(303/3 657),其中蔬菜和粮食中超标率较高,分别为25.3%(135/534)和12.3%(68/551)。结论 河南省部分食品中铅、汞污染情况较为严重,其中粮食、蔬菜和肉类食品中污染情况尤为突出,需要加强监管。     

Moulds and mycotoxins in sorghum stored in traditional containers in India

Various traditional containers have been used in India for storage of sorghum grains. Sorghum is susceptible to fungal infestation and toxin elaboration. The present study relates to the mould and mycotoxin contamination (aflatoxin B₁ and T-2 toxin) in stored sorghum in different storage containers viz. “Kotlu” (Storage rooms), earthenware pots, gunny bags and reed baskets. Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp. were the prominent genera and the “Kotlu” form of storage was most susceptible to fungal attack. Storage treatment had little effect on fungal contamination, but despite the fungal infestation, the mycotoxin contamination was found to be very low.     

中国固态发酵白酒中功能细菌研究进展

细菌是白酒酿造3大类微生物之一,其在白酒生产中有着重要的作用,如:芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、放线菌和梭菌等,它们能产生酯类、有机酸、吡嗪、萜烯等微量成分,从而影响白酒的风味与品质。基于细菌在白酒中的重要功能以及微生物分离培养技术和分析检测技术的进步,近年来相关研究越来越深入。该文综述了近年来白酒功能细菌的研究进展,介绍了酿酒各个环节中主要功能细菌及其在白酒中的作用,旨在为白酒功能细菌的研究提供参考。     

2010年山西省食品中食源性致病菌监测分析

目的 了解山西省食源性致病菌的污染现状.方法 按照2010年度《全国食源性致病菌监测工作手册》进行.结果 1 576份样品中共检出阳性菌株149株,检出率为9.45％,其中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、副溶血性弧菌污染比较严重,总检出率为9.50％和8.22％,金黄色葡萄球菌、阪崎肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的总检出率分别为3.02％、1.11％和0.87％.不同类别食品中致病菌的检出率差异较大,生肉中致病菌的检出率高居榜首为49.33％,主要污染菌为沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌;沙拉中致病菌的检出率为17.39％,主要污染菌为单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌;生食水产品中致病菌的检出率为16.94％,主要污染菌为单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、副溶血性孤菌;熟肉制品中致病菌的检出率为9.84％,主要污染菌为单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌;中式凉拌菜中致病菌的检出率为8.89％,主要污染菌为金黄色葡萄球菌;鲜榨果汁中致病菌的检出率为6.67％,主要污染菌为金黄色葡萄球菌;鲜冻水产品中致病菌的检出率为5.00％,主要污染菌为副溶血性弧菌;婴幼儿配方粉/米粉/谷粉/豆奶粉中阪崎杆菌的检出率为1.11％.结论 山西省多种食品均存在食源性致病菌不同程度的污染,应加大对散装食品、即食食品和生食水产品的监管.