电工冷轧冲片退火热处理工艺探讨分析

电工冷轧冲片的导磁性能受冲剪边缘效应的影响而恶化，本文通过探讨电工冷轧冲片的退火热处理工艺流程，从而挖掘和利用冷轧冲片被破坏了的导磁性能，为提高电机性能和降低材料成本方面进行有益探索。     

Phase Correction for High Precision Measurement of Iron Loss Using H‐coil Method

The accurate magnetic properties of electrical steel sheets are important for the development of high‐efficiency electromagnetic devices. In particular, the H‐coil method is a useful technique for accurately measuring magnetic field strength in a single sheet tester. Therefore, we developed a tester for magnetic field properties using the H‐coil method, referred to as the stress load type single sheet tester (S‐SST), and a problem was found in iron loss measurement at a high flux density of 1.6 T or more. In this paper, it is shown that the cause of this problem is the phase difference between the induced voltage in the H‐coil and the B‐coil. Because the phase difference makes the B–H loop slightly twisted near the tip point, the iron losses are evaluated low. Thus, we propose a method of determining the phase correction values. These values are measured in the absence of a specimen in the S‐SST measurement system, and the phase correction method for induced voltage in a coil is investigated. Finally, ideal results for the correction of iron loss in nonoriented electrical steel sheets are shown. The proposed method is effective for the calibration of a single sheet tester using the H‐coil method.     

基于二维磁特性测量的电工钢片矢量磁滞模型

提出一种模拟电工钢片复杂磁特性的矢量磁滞模型。该模型考虑频率、磁化历史等因素对磁滞特性的影响,模型中磁滞系数与磁阻系数的确定是基于双激励二维磁特性测量实验获得的,在实验中通过对磁通密度变化轨迹的控制实现对磁场强度波形的测量。所提出的模型既避免了传统磁滞模型数学表达的复杂性,又提高了模拟的准确度,更适用于工程应用。通过与传统模型及实验测量结果的比较,证明了所提出的模型能更有效、更准确地模拟电工钢片的复杂磁特性。     

Fe-6.5wt%Si硅钢薄带的制备工艺及发展前景

Fe-6.5wt%Si高硅硅钢薄带具有优异的软磁性能,是高频电机铁芯的理想材料。但当硅含量超过3wt%后,由于高硅钢的脆性很难采用常规的轧制工艺制备而成为制约高硅硅钢薄带应用的瓶颈。综述了Fe-6.5wt%Si高硅钢的特性和制备工艺,并展望了其发展前景。     

Spiral core made of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet

Spiral cores made of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets (GO) were developed to be used as a high performance motor core. All teeth directions are coincident with the GO rolling directions (easy magnetization axis) in the spiral cores. The GO spiral cores have excellent properties because the GO has very low iron loss and very high permeability in the rolling direction. In the GO spiral cores, the iron losses decrease to a quarter and the inductions are 0.2 T higher at 800 A/m as compared with conventional spiral cores made usually of SPCC. Because the thickness of conventional spiral cores generally varies, applications are limited to automobile alternator cores. The thickness of GO spiral cores changes little during a spiral deformation because the core sheets are deformed transversely to the rolling direction of GO, that is, <110>{011}; the <110>{011} deformation of Fe does not create sheet thickness. As the stiffness and packing factor of a GO spiral core are high in the order of no thickness change, GO spiral cores have high performance for motor cores. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 118 (3): 58–66, 1997     

基于弱交流磁化的钢材应力检测方法研究*

定期对工业领域中的铁磁性构件进行应力检测可确保工业设备安全工作。提出了一种弱交流磁化条件下的基于磁弹效应的钢材应力检测方法。首先通过有限元仿真研究了弱交流磁化条件下的钢板力磁关系,并优化了测点位置。其次针对不同热磁处理钢板开展了弱交流磁化条件下的钢板应力磁测实验。结果表明,钢板表面法向弱交流感应磁场在不同频率下均具有良好的应力敏感特性;弹性应力变化范围为0～167 MPa时,钢板表面法向弱交流感应磁场幅值与应力之间具有近似线性单调的关系;消磁和热处理可以有效改善相同尺寸钢板的力磁关系的一致性;弱交流磁化条件下的应力磁测方案具有非接触、良好的一致性和抗背景磁场干扰等优势。     

Numerical analyses of high‐beta spherical tokamaks with varied elongation

The effect of plasma elongation on the second‐stable spherical tokamak (ST) was numerically studied using the experimentally measured pressure and current profiles of ultrahigh‐beta STs. The maximum beta of ST over 50% was obtained in the TS‐3 ST/CT experiment by applying an external toroidal field to an FRC. It was found that the marginal beta for the ballooning instability increased with the plasma elongation κ of ST. The elongated STs with κ > 2 have the magnetic shear (S)–pressure gradient (α) profiles located in the second‐stable regime for the ballooning mode and the stability margin increased with κ. The close relation between the absolute minimum‐B profile and the second stability was documented. The effect of elongation on maximum beta was observed to saturate when κ exceed 3, indicating that the optimized elongation for high‐beta STs is located around 2 < κ < 3. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(4): 1–6, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20132     

化学气相沉积法6.5%Si硅钢的性能及应用

介绍了日本JFE京浜厂新改进的水平专用化学气相沉积法生产6.5%Si硅钢的渗Si生产线,给出了6.5%Si硅钢的主要特性,强调了防止6.5%Si硅钢板边裂的方法(即,应控制边部的Si浓度比中间的Si浓度低),并介绍了日本JFE超级铁芯的应用领域。     

Strain–magnetization properties and domain structures of silicon steel sheets

The effects of tensile stress and strain on magnetization and magnetic domains in silicon steel sheets were investigated. In the elastic deformation region, magnetization decreased with an increase in strain, while in the plastic deformation region, strain–magnetization properties under stress showed a peculiar characteristic, namely, an increase of magnetization when strain was decreased. We observed lancet and other domains in the specimens after removing the stress applied in the plastic deformation region, especially near grain boundaries. This phenomenon can be explained by changes in the domain structures, which were observed in this study. The features observed in this investigation can be applied to the nondestructive detection of fatigue in metal magnetic materials. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 149(2): 10–17, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20002     

电工冷轧冲片退火热处理工艺探讨

电工冷轧冲片的导磁性能受冲剪后边缘效应的影响而恶化，通过电工冷轧冲片的退火热处理工艺，恢复或提高其导磁性能，为提高电机性能和降低材料成本进行有益探索。     

各向异性取向硅钢片的多方向磁性能模拟

为了研究取向硅钢片不同方向的磁特性,采用标准的爱泼斯坦方圈磁特性测量方法,对取向硅钢片(30P120)试样进行实验研究,试样的剪切方向分别与轧制方向成不同角度的夹角。基于试样磁化曲线的实验数据和传统的椭圆磁导率模型,考察取向硅钢片的磁性能随夹角变化的情况,得到了抛物线磁导率模型和混合磁导率模型。理论分析和实验结果表明,抛物线磁导率模型适用于模拟取向硅钢片不饱和区的磁化曲线,混合磁导率模型适用于模拟取向硅钢片饱和区的磁化曲线,有助于提高工程电磁场问题的计算精度。     

Analysis of nano-scale MOSFET including uniaxial and biaxial strain

In this paper, we focus on uniaxial and biaxial strain technologies, and we also investigate an optimum combination of strain method and channel direction. We linked the first principles band calculation program to the FUJITSU ensemble full band Monte Carlo simulator FALCON directly, which enables to incorporate arbitrary Si band structures such as uniaxial and biaxial strained-Si into device characteristics analysis. We show that the combination of biaxial tensile strain and <100> current for NMOS, and compressive uniaxial strain and <110> channel for PMOS are optimum methods for current enhancement. However, considering technological difficulties and process cost, it is one of the candidate methods to use the combination of uniaxial tensile strain and <100> channel direction for NMOS and that of uniaxial compressive strain and <110> channel direction for PMOS.     

机械应力作用下电工钢片静态磁滞特性模拟方法研究

准确快速模拟磁性材料在不同应力下的磁滞特性对设计承受机械应力的电气设备铁心有重要意义。用BROCKHAUS-MPG200电工钢测试系统,测量了电工钢片样本在不同应力下的磁滞回线,发现其在应力作用下,磁滞回线会产生局部畸变的现象,且磁密越高,这种畸变越严重。为此,首次将2种常用的简化Preisach模型拓展至应力下的电工钢片磁滞特性模拟,发现仅有一种Priesach模型适用。根据该模型的基本特征,仅需利用具有畸变特性的实测极限磁滞回线,即可辨识不同应力值下的Everett函数。提出立方插值法提取以应力为变量的逆Everett函数,建立了应力下电工钢片的静态逆Preisach模型。实验及仿真结果表明,该模型计算精度较高,可用于实际工程中应力下磁性材料的磁滞特性模拟及磁滞损耗计算。     

机械应力作用下电工钢片静态磁滞特性模拟方法研究

准确快速模拟磁性材料在不同应力下的磁滞特性对设计承受机械应力的电气设备铁心有重要意义。用BROCKHAUS-MPG200电工钢测试系统,测量了电工钢片样本在不同应力下的磁滞回线,发现其在应力作用下,磁滞回线会产生局部畸变的现象,且磁密越高,这种畸变越严重。为此,首次将2种常用的简化Preisach模型拓展至应力下的电工钢片磁滞特性模拟,发现仅有一种Priesach模型适用。根据该模型的基本特征,仅需利用具有畸变特性的实测极限磁滞回线,即可辨识不同应力值下的Everett函数。提出立方插值法提取以应力为变量的逆Everett函数,建立了应力下电工钢片的静态逆Preisach模型。实验及仿真结果表明,该模型计算精度较高,可用于实际工程中应力下磁性材料的磁滞特性模拟及磁滞损耗计算。     

Nd_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe双层膜和多层梯度膜磁反转过程的微磁学模拟

利用微磁学有限差分计算方法,详细研究了软/硬磁层总厚度固定不变,结构的变化对Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe双层膜和Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe/Nd2Fe14B多层梯度膜的磁性能和磁反转过程的影响。结果表明,从双层膜变化到多层梯度膜的过程中,不同的结构具有不同的磁性能和磁反转过程;当结构优化为Nd2Fe14B(10 nm)/α-Fe(5 nm)/Nd2Fe14B(10 nm)多层梯度膜时,磁滞回线台阶消失,矫顽力大幅度降低。此结论对交换耦合梯度介质的实验设置具有一定的指导意义。     

消除冲剪边缘效应恢复冷轧硅钢片的高导磁性能

冷轧硅钢片的高导磁性能受"冲剪边缘效应"的影响而恶化,为降低其影响,分析了将冲片退火、优化槽形结构等消除效应影响的方法,分析认为将冲片退火最能恢复冷轧硅钢片的高导磁性能.     

磁阀型可控电抗器的直流偏磁与谐波特性分析

介绍了磁阀型可控电抗器(MCR)无功调节的原理,使用ANSYS电磁场仿真软件对MCR磁路特点与直流偏磁特性进行描述,通过直流磁化实验获取电工钢片的磁化曲线数据,利用Matlab软件编写程序,使用三次样条插值函数求出MCR的输出电流,同时对不同直流偏磁下的输出电流进行傅里叶变换得到MCR磁饱和度与谐波之间的关系,为实际工程应用提供参考价值。     

Effect of oxygen gas on the decomposition of dye by pulsed discharge in water droplet spray

The influence of stresses on the magnetic properties of nonoriented electrical steels was studied. The dependence of iron loss on compressive stress was affected by grain size. The magnetic polarization J in strong magnetic fields such as 5000 and 10,000 A/m increased due to compressive stresses and decreased due to tensile stresses in samples with low Si content. Using Kerr‐effect domain observation, it was found that the reduction in J caused by tensile stresses was attributable to residual striped domains. Magnetostriction measurements in strong magnetic fields indicated that the increase in J under compressive stresses originated from the Villari effect (inverse magnetostrictive effect) due to negative magnetostriction in low‐Si materials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 182(4): 10–18, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.22320     

谐波对感应电机振动影响研究

为了研究实际工况下感应电机的振动情况,对不同谐波参与下硅钢片的磁化特性和磁致伸缩特性进行测量。基于测得的本构关系,建立电机铁心的电磁-机械多场耦合模型。考虑电磁力和硅钢片的磁致伸缩效应,进行感应电机在不同谐波参与下电磁场和机械场的数值计算,以得到磁密、应力和振动的分布情况,进而分析谐波对电机铁心振动的影响,为减少感应电机的振动噪声提供有力的理论依据与计算方法。     

Iron Loss Characteristics of Electrical Steel Sheet under Inverter Excitation by Power Semiconductor with Extremely Low On‐Voltage Property

In this study, it is demonstrated that the iron loss from the SiC‐MOSFET, which represents a new power semiconductor with an extremely low on‐voltage for electric machine drives, is almost the same as that from an Si‐IGBT, which is a conventional power semiconductor. In order to evaluate the iron loss characteristics when an SiC device is used, two single‐phase pulse width modulation inverters were built and used for the excitation of a ring made up of electrical steel sheet. One of the inverter employed an SiC‐MOSFET, and the other inverter employed an Si‐IGBT. The iron losses for the two inverters are compared.