米酒对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠抗氧化作用的研究

通过建立D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠模型,研究米酒对衰老小鼠的抗氧化作用.实验测定了各组小鼠血清中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)、总超氧化歧化酶(SOD)指标的变化.结果表明,米酒能显著提高衰老小鼠血清中CAT(P＜0.05)和总SOD(P＜0.05)的活力,降低MDA(P＜0.01)的含量.米酒通过抗氧化作用,有效抑制了衰老小鼠衰老症状的发展.     

葡萄籽原花青素提取物对衰老模型小鼠抗氧化作用

目的：研究葡萄籽原花青素提取物对衰老小鼠心脏、肝、脑和血清抗氧化功能的影响。方法：采用纤维素酶辅助浸提葡萄籽原花青素,经大孔树脂吸附纯化后灌胃由D-半乳糖连续皮下注射诱导的亚急性衰老模型小鼠,以各组小鼠心脏、肝、脑和血清中的总抗氧化能力（total antioxidant capacity,T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px）活力和丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）含量为指标,全面评价葡萄籽原花青素提取物在小鼠体内的抗氧化能力。结果：与空白对照组相比,模型对照组小鼠心脏、肝、脑和血清中T-AOC、SOD、GSH-Px活力均有不同程度的降低,MDA含量有不同程度的升高,其大多变化差异显著,说明小鼠衰老模型构建成功。与模型对照组相比,葡萄籽原花青素提取物各剂量组能增强模型小鼠心脏、肝、脑和血清中T-AOC、SOD、GSH-Px活力,同时降低MDA值,其中大多变化差异显著,而血清中各值变化差异极显著。结论：葡萄籽原花青素提取物能够显著增强亚急性衰老小鼠的抗氧化能力,具有延缓衰老的作用。     

大米多肽对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠抗氧化作用的研究

通过建立D-半乳糖（D-galactose,D-gal）诱导的衰老小鼠模型,研究大米多肽（Rice peptide,RP）对衰老小鼠的抗氧化作用。实验测定了各组小鼠血清中过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）、总超氧化歧化酶（SOD）指标的变化。结果表明,400mg/kg RP能显著地提高衰老小鼠血清中CAT（p<0.05）和总SOD（p<0.05）的活力,极显著降低MDA（p<0.01）的含量。RP通过抗氧化作用有效地抑制了衰老小鼠衰老症状的发展。      

金银花叶黄酮对衰老模型小鼠的体内抗氧化作用

目的:研究金银花叶黄酮对衰老小鼠体内抗氧化系统的调节作用。方法:采用颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖法构建衰老小鼠模型,用不同剂量(低、中、高剂量分别为50、100、200 mg/(kg·d))的金银花叶黄酮灌胃小鼠,观察小鼠体质量变化,并计算肝脏、脑、肾脏、脾脏及心脏指数,测定小鼠血清及肝脏、脑、肾脏及心脏组织中总抗氧化能力(total antioxidant capacity,T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活力及丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MAD)、谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)含量。结果:与空白组相比,模型组小鼠体质量和脏器指数显著下降,血清和各脏器组织中的T-AOC、SOD、GSH-Px、CAT活力及GSH含量均有所降低,MDA含量升高,且大部分差异显著(P0.05),说明衰老小鼠模型构建成功。与模型组相比,金银花叶黄酮各剂量组小鼠体质量和脏器指数均有所升高,血清和脏器中的T-AOC、SOD、GSH-Px、CAT活力及GSH含量均有不同程度的回升,MDA含量降低,高剂量组效果最显著。结论:金银花叶黄酮能有效提高衰老小鼠的抗氧化能力,其抗氧化机制可能与提高机体抗氧化酶活性和还原性保护物质含量、降低脂质过氧化物含量有关。     

含胶原蛋白肽饮品对衰老小鼠皮肤改善作用和抗氧化作用研究

目的 研究3款含胶原蛋白肽饮品对衰老小鼠的皮肤改善作用及抗氧化作用。方法 采取D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠模型, 正常对照组每天腹腔注射生理盐水, 模型组和产品组每天对小鼠腹腔注射D-半乳糖120 mg/kg。各组小鼠每天按0.1 mL/10 g体积灌胃, 模型组及对照组灌胃生理盐水, 产品组灌胃相应体积样品, 连续8周, 各实验组剂量16.7 mL/(kg·d)。分别检测皮肤羟脯氨酸和透明质酸含量, 血清、肝脏、心脏中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)活性和丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量, 小肠和结肠的pH、短链脂肪酸含量。结果 相对于模型组, 3款胶原蛋白肽饮品均能提高衰老模型小鼠皮肤透明质酸和羟脯氨酸的含量、提升衰老小鼠的抗氧化能力(P<0.05), 表现为提高血清、肝脏、心脏的SOD和GSH-Px活性, 以及降低MDA浓度, 且3款饮品中以UKDNA胶原蛋白肽饮品的效果最好。对小肠、结肠内容物pH和短链脂肪酸(short chain fatty acids, SCFAs)含量检测显示, 3款饮品能提高结肠环境pH并对异丁酸、正戊酸以及总短链脂肪酸有显著影响(P<0.05)。结论 含胶原蛋白肽饮品可能通过提高机体抗氧化能力来改善衰老皮肤中透明质酸和羟脯氨酸含量。     

紫苏迷迭香酸对D-半乳糖衰老模型小鼠的抗氧化作用

目的:通过衰老小鼠体内试验探究紫苏迷迭香酸的抗氧化功效.方法:持续皮下注射D-半乳糖42 d以此构建昆明小鼠亚急性衰老模型.将其中的50只衰老模型小鼠随机分成5组:模型组、阳性对照组和紫苏迷迭香酸高、中、低剂量组,每组10只.给药42 d后解剖取出脏器,测定各组小鼠的肝脏、脾脏、脑与胸腺系数;根据试剂盒检测小鼠血清与各...     

扇贝抗氧化肽对衰老小鼠体内抗氧化活性研究

目的研究扇贝副产物抗氧化肽对衰老小鼠体内抗氧化活性。方法采用D-半乳糖构建小鼠衰老动物模型,分别以不同性别小鼠肝脏中特征酶超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD),过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)活性及丙二醛(alondialdehyde, MDA)含量为指标,评价扇贝抗氧化肽的体内抗氧化功能。结果与模型组比较,灌胃剂量为0.5 mL/kg的样品组能够显著提高模型小鼠(雌性和雄性)中肝脏中SOD、CAT、GSH-Px等特征酶的活性,并降低MDA含量水平。同时以脾脏指数、胸腺指数、吞噬指数为指标评价扇贝抗氧化肽对小鼠免疫能力的影响。结果显示灌胃剂量为0.50mL/kg和1.0mL/kg的扇贝抗氧化肽能够提高小鼠的脾脏指数、胸腺指数和吞噬指数。结论扇贝抗氧化肽具有良好的增强机体抗氧化功能作用。     

水牛乳多肽对衰老模型小鼠机体抗氧化作用的研究

采用小鼠D-半乳糖致衰老模型,研究水牛乳多肽对亚急性致衰老小鼠机体抗氧化的作用,测定各模型组小鼠全脑、肝、心组织脏器指数以及小鼠血清、脑组织、心、肝中的丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化物酶(CAT)活性。结果表明:水牛乳多肽对小鼠脏器以及血清中SOD活性水平的升高有明显作用,其中,对小鼠心脏、全脑以及血清中SOD活性水平有显著影响(P<0.05),能明显降低小鼠脏器以及血清中的MDA含量,说明水牛乳多肽在一定程度上能够提高D-半乳糖模型衰老小鼠的抗氧化能力。     

江蓠藻膳食纤维对衰老小鼠免疫功能与抗氧化作用的影响

目的:研究江蓠藻膳食纤维对衰老模型小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化作用的影响。方法:小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、燕麦膳食纤维组（400mg/kg体重）及江蓠藻膳食纤维高、中、低剂量组（800、400、200mg/kg体重）。在给药的同时,除空白对照组外,其余各组小鼠每天颈背皮下注射10%D-半乳糖0.25mL,连续给药40d后,测定迟发性变态反应（DTH）,腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,胸腺、脾脏系数,血清及脾脏中超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）的活性、过氧化氢酶（CAT）及丙二醛（MDA）的含量。结果:江蓠藻膳食纤维能够明显促进迟发型超敏反应的发生,增强巨噬细胞的吞噬能力,提高脾脏和胸腺的脏器系数,激活小鼠血清及脾脏中抗氧化酶的活性,降低MDA的含量。结论:江蓠藻膳食纤维可增强衰老小鼠的免疫功能。      

Antioxidant effect of peony seed oil on aging mice

Food Science and Biotechnology - d-galactose was injected into mice of ages 4–5&nbsp;months, and peony seed oil was administered using an oral gavage to assess its possible anti-aging...     

洋葱槲皮素对脂多糖诱导的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞炎症反应抑制作用

为探讨洋葱槲皮素的抗炎作用,本研究以小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞为模型,采用MTT法检测洋葱槲皮素单药组、洋葱槲皮素与LPS复合药组对巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响;采用ELISA法检测洋葱槲皮素单药组、洋葱槲皮素与LPS复合药组对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌细胞因子和炎症介质的影响。结果显示,洋葱槲皮素能够提高巨噬细胞的吞噬功能;洋葱槲皮素单药、洋葱槲皮素与LPS复合药组刺激巨噬细胞,均能够抑制巨噬细胞IL-1β和COX-2的产生。结论:洋葱槲皮素可能通过提高巨噬细胞的吞噬功能、影响细胞因子和炎症介质的分泌,而发挥抗炎作用。      

蚕蛹多肽提高D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠的抗氧化及免疫能力

目的:研究蚕蛹多肽对D-半乳糖衰老模型小鼠抗氧化、提高免疫作用。方法:将昆明小鼠随机分为9组,包括空白组,衰老模型组,蚕蛹多肽（SPP）低、中、高剂量组,蚕蛹蛋白组,VC组,谷胱甘肽组和鱼胶原蛋白肽组。除空白组外,其余8组腹腔注射D-半乳糖建立衰老模型,42d后眼球取血,颈椎脱臼处死小鼠,测定脑、肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和丙二醛（MDA）含量,测定胸腺指数,脾指数,血清中白细胞数（WBC）。结果:与衰老模型组相比,SPP中、高剂量组肝和脑中CAT、SOD、GSH-Px和T-AOC活力提高显著（p<0.05或p<0.01）,同时SPP组肝和脑中MDA含量均有不同程度降低（p<0.05或p<0.01）。此外,SPP能提高胸腺指数、脾指数与WBC,可以缓解小鼠衰老导致的免疫低下症状。与阳性对照蚕蛹蛋白组和鱼胶原蛋白肽组相比,SPP表现出更强的减缓小鼠衰老的作用,相当于等体外抗氧化效果的谷胱甘肽组。结论:SPP有较强的体内抗氧化活性和提高免疫功能,也为蚕蛹资源的回收利用提供思路。      

洋葱的抗氧化能力及发酵对其的影响

利用二苯代苦味酰基自由基(DPPH)清除试验,抑制亚油酸氧化试验和还原能力试验评价白皮洋葱、红皮洋葱、黄皮洋葱的抗氧化能力.此外对红皮洋葱加入盐糖进行发酵,检测其DPPH清除能力的变化.结果表明,不同洋葱抗氧化能力从大到小依次为红皮洋葱＞黄皮洋葱＞白皮洋葱,发酵可以使红皮洋葱抗氧化能力提高.     

石榴籽油在D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠体内的抗氧化作用

研究了石榴籽油(PGSO)在D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠体内的抗氧化作用。将60只昆明小鼠随机分为6组:健康组、模型组、维生素E(V_E)阳性对照组以及PGSO低、中、高剂量组,持续给药45 d后,测定各组小鼠的体重,分析PGSO对小鼠肝、肾、脑与血清中抗氧化系统的作用;检测各组小鼠肝、肾中G6PD的活性和NADPH含量。结果表明:与模型组比较,PGSO可拮抗小鼠体重的减轻,降低肝、肾、脑及血清中MDA含量,增加GSH含量,提高T-AOC活性以及抗氧化酶SOD和GSH-Px的活性;且PGSO各剂量组小鼠肝和肾中G6PD的活性均增强,NADPH含量均增加。研究表明PGSO对D-半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠体内的氧化应激具有明显的拮抗作用。     

Subcritical water extraction of flavonol quercetin from onion skin

Subcritical water could be an excellent alternative to organic solvent as a medium for extracting flavonol quercetin, due to its temperature-dependent selectivity, safety, efficiency of recovery, and lower cost. This study investigated the application of subcritical water extraction (SWE) of quercetin from onion skin and evaluated the effect of key operation conditions by varying the temperature (100-190 °C), extraction time (5-30 min), and mixture ratio of onion skin and diatomaceous earth (DE) (0.5:3.5-2:2) under high pressure (90-131 bar). The maximum yield of quercetin (16.29 ± 0.75 mg/g onion skin) was obtained at extraction temperature of 165 °C, extraction time of 15 min, mixture ratio of 1.5:2.5 for onion skin and DE. The SWE was compared with three conventional extraction methods in terms of the efficiency. The quercetin yield by SWE was over eight-, six-, and fourfold greater than those obtained using the ethanol, methanol, and water-at-boiling-point extraction methods, respectively.     

蒜油、洋葱油及葱油对小鼠免疫系统的作用

正常小鼠的溶血空斑实验及淋巴细胞转化实验显示：葱油对小鼠的体液抗体（ＩｇＭ）的生成和Ｔ细胞的转化无影响；蒜油对两者均有较强烈的抑制作用；洋葱油对小鼠的Ｔ细胞转化有明显的抑制作用，而对ＩｇＭ生成有促进作用。     

Antioxidant properties of major metabolites of quercetin

Dietary flavonoids have been related to health promotion, which has been attributed in part to their antioxidant properties as demonstrated in many in vitro studies. However, in the human organism most flavonoids are little bioavailable and largely transformed to different metabolites that are crucial to explain the health effects associated with their dietary intake, although little is known about their biological activities. Quercetin is a majority flavonoid in the human diet that has been commonly used in studies on the flavonoid and health relationships. In this study, the antioxidant activity of different conjugated metabolites of quercetin (quercetin 3′-O-sulphate, quercetin 4′-O-sulphate, quercetin 3-O-glucuronide and isorhamnetin 3-O-sulphate) prepared in the laboratory, and of some phenolic acids that may result from its colonic degradation, was investigated by two in vitro assays (ABTS and FRAP assays). As expected, substitution of the hydroxyl groups of quercetin by the conjugating substituents resulted in a decrease in the antioxidant activity with regard to the parent compound. Despite this, the conjugated metabolites still retained significant antioxidant activity and behave as significantly better radical scavengers and reducing compounds than usually recognized antioxidants like α-tocopherol. Greater antioxidant activity of the metabolites was found in the ABTS assay, conducted at pH 7.4, suggesting that quercetin derivatives could act as potential radical scavengers in physiological conditions. Similarly, antioxidant activity significantly higher than α-tocopherol was also found in the ABTS assay for 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic and 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acids, described as products of the colonic degradation of quercetin. Phenylacetic acids were more active than benzoic and phenylpropionic acids, and the activity increased with the number of phenolic hydroxyls in the molecule; methoxylated derivatives showed, in general, lower activity than the equivalent O-dihydroxylated forms but greater than that of the monohydroxylated precursor. The results obtained are expected to contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the biological effects associated with the intake of flavonoid-rich diets.     

Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of quercetin from onion solid wastes

The extraction of quercetin with aqueous ethanol solutions from onion solid waste under sonication conditions was investigated using rational experimental design methodologies. It was found that the ethanol concentration (40–80%, v/v) and the temperature (40–60 °C) of extraction are the most influential parameters in the recovery yield, whereas pH (2–6), liquid/solid ratio (30–60 mL g^?1) and extraction time (15–35 min) do not significantly influence the completeness of the extraction. The optimal extraction conditions were determined to be an ethanol percentage of 59% and extraction temperature of 49 °C, yielding a total quercetin content of 11.08 mg per g dry weight of onion solid waste. An empirical relationship between extraction parameters and the extraction yield was suggested and verified.