橄榄叶黄酮类抗氧化物质的分离纯化研究

将橄榄液黄酮粗提取液用聚酰胺柱层析分离,所分离的组分经抗氧化活性筛选得到A5,再由制备型薄层色谱纯化样品A5,经过抗氧化活性筛选得到C3,经过高效液相色谱分析,结果表明,所得到的组分是一个纯物质.     

姜黄素3种单体的分离纯化

以中药姜黄饮片为原料提取姜黄色素,采用乙醇超声波法提取、大孔树脂吸附分离以及硅胶柱色谱法过柱洗脱依次得到3种姜黄色素单体,并通过薄层层析和HPLC对姜黄素3种单体进行纯度检测。以DM301大孔树脂吸附纯化姜黄色素,提取率为58.09%;利用硅胶柱色谱分离法对姜黄色素提取液进一步纯化得到3种姜黄素单体：姜黄素（curcumin Ⅰ）、脱甲氧基姜黄素（demethoxycurcumin Ⅱ）和双脱甲氧基姜黄素（bisdemethoxycurcumin Ⅲ）,薄层层析检测结果显示各单体斑点明显、均一,纯度较高。高效液相色谱法确定色谱条件：色谱柱为Diamonsil■ C18（5 μm,250 mm×4.6 mm）,流动相为乙腈-0.4%冰醋酸体积比48∶52,检测波长为254 nm,在该HPLC条件下,总姜黄素中的3种单体能够实现基线分离,分离度较好。     

大孔树脂-中压柱层析联用分离纯化蓝莓花色苷

以蓝莓果实为原料,采用大孔树脂-中压柱层析联用分离纯化蓝莓花色苷。分别比较6 种不同类型树脂 对蓝莓花色苷静态吸附-解吸效果,优化大孔树脂分离纯化蓝莓花色苷的工艺。结果表明：D101大孔树脂对蓝莓 花色苷的分离效果最佳,对花色苷的吸附属于多分子层吸附。在柱压力为1 MPa、温度25 ℃、上样液质量浓度为 0.073 mg/mL、洗脱剂乙醇体积分数为80%、流速5 mL/min条件下,经D101大孔树脂柱分离后,花色苷纯度从5.53% 增加到75.58%,提高了12.67 倍。采用Sephadex LH-20中压柱层析对蓝莓花色苷进一步分离纯化,主要得到1 种花 色苷组分,通过高效液相色谱和高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱联用对蓝莓花色苷进行定性和定量分析,确定该组分为 矢车菊-3-O-葡萄糖苷,纯度达到90.88%。     

金线莲苷的硅胶柱层析分离

为进一步提高金线莲苷的分离纯化效率,该研究以深度共熔溶剂提取的金线莲苷粗品为基础,比较了大孔树脂法和硅胶柱层析法分离金线莲苷的效果,并优化了硅胶柱层析法分离金线莲苷的条件。实验结果表明,DM130型大孔树脂对金线莲苷的吸附量仅为24.69 mg/g,解吸率为17.89%,且无法选择性的分离金线莲苷,而硅胶柱层析法对金线莲苷的分离效果较好;硅胶柱层析法分离金线莲苷的最佳条件为：洗脱溶剂为乙酸乙酯:乙醇:乙酸=6:4:0.2（V/V/V）,上样量为0.60 g,洗脱速率为1.25 mL/min,在此条件下,金线莲苷的回收率可达79.29%;硅胶柱层析分离组分经半制备型高效液相色谱纯化所得的金线莲苷纯度大于99.00%。该研究建立了一种简单高效的金线莲苷分离纯化流程,有利于金线莲产业的发展,为后续的研究工作提供理论支持。     

树脂法分离纯化桑葚花色苷

分别对12种大孔吸附树脂和6种阳离子交换树脂对桑葚花色苷的吸附性能进行了比较,通过静态吸附和解吸实验筛选出最佳大孔吸附树脂为LX-68,最佳阳离子交换树脂为D001。分别对这2种树脂进行静态和动态条件优化,确定了LX-68树脂最佳纯化条件为:以吸光度值0.991,pH值为3的色素液,8BV/h上样,用pH值为2、体积分数为80%的酸性乙醇作洗脱剂,洗脱流速为1BV/h,纯化后色素色价为114,纯度为39.9%,花色苷收率为91.5%。D001树脂最佳纯化条件为:以吸光度1.411Abs,pH值为2的色素液,6BV/h上样,用pH值为1、60%的酸性乙醇以3BV/h的洗脱流速洗脱,得到色价为65的色素粉末产品,纯度为24.1%,花色苷收率为67.6%。LX-68树脂和D001树脂对桑葚花色苷均具有较好的吸附分离性能,且LX-68树脂的分离效果优于D001树脂。     

栀子中栀子苷的分离纯化

栀子是一味临床常用的中药,主治肝硬化、痢疾,具有消炎利胆、利尿等功效。栀子果实中主要的有效成分为环烯醚萜苷类,而栀子苷（geniposide）为此苷类主要有效成分之一。本实验用大孔吸附树脂X-5柱色谱初步分离、富集栀子提取液中的栀子苷,再经过冷冻干燥得到纯度为65.8%、得率91%的产品A1,再用硅胶柱进一步纯化,得到纯度为92.3%、得率74.3%的产品A2。      

栀子中栀子苷的分离纯化

栀子是一味临床常用的中药,主治肝硬化、痢疾,具有消炎利胆、利尿等功效。栀子果实中主要的有效成分为环烯醚萜苷类,而栀子苷(geniposide)为此苷类主要有效成分之一。本实验用大孔吸附树脂X-5柱色谱初步分离、富集栀子提取液中的栀子苷,再经过冷冻干燥得到纯度为65.8%、得率91%的产品A1,再用硅胶柱进一步纯化,得到纯度为92.3%、得率74.3%的产品A2。     

葡萄籽原花青素的分离纯化及其抗氧化活性研究

本文以脱脂葡萄籽为原料从中提取原花青素,研究用大孔吸附树脂对原花青素分级纯化方法,以及纯化的原花青素产品清除超氧阴离子自由基、亚油酸体系的抗氧化等方面的抗氧化活性。结果显示:ADS-8大孔树脂对葡萄籽原花青素具有较强的吸附能力,得到的产物纯度达95%以上,是分离葡萄籽原花青素较理想的吸附剂;20%和40%的乙醇原花青素洗脱液具有很强的清除O2-·的能力,抑制邻苯三酚自氧化率分别达88.35%和67.2%,说明葡萄籽原花青素为抗自由基的有效活性成分;在亚油酸体系中,OPC’s的抗氧化能力高于VC和VE。     

紫薯花色苷分离纯化及主要成分的研究

以紫薯花色苷为研究对象,研究了5种大孔树脂和洗脱条件对紫薯花色苷的纯化的影响,并且利用液相色谱与质谱联用技术分离鉴定了紫薯花色苷的主要成分。结果表明,采用AB-8型大孔树脂纯化,原料液p H值为3,洗脱剂乙醇体积分数为60%时,能较好实现花色苷纯化;根据质谱分子离子峰和碎片峰等以及光谱信息鉴定为矢车菊素葡萄糖苷、原花青素、芍药素3-槐糖苷-5-葡萄苷、矢车菊素-3-(6'-咖啡酰槐糖苷)-5-葡糖苷、鞣花单宁、芍药素3-(阿魏酰-羟基苯甲酰槐糖苷)-5-葡萄苷等物质。     

稠李花色苷的纯化及体外抗氧化活性

目的：建立AB-8大孔树脂纯化稠李花色苷的方法,并检测稠李花色苷体外抗氧化活性。方法：通过AB-8大孔树脂对稠李花色苷的动态吸附与解吸条件优化,确定最佳纯化条件;采用四唑氮蓝（nitroblue tetrazolium,NBT）光化还原法测定花色苷体外抗氧化活性,2’,7’-二氢二氯荧光素二乙酸酯（2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate,DCFH-DA）法观察花色苷对H2O2诱导的N2A细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。结果：稠李花色苷的最佳动态纯化条件是：吸附流速0.01 mL/s,粗提液质量浓度8 mg/mL,过柱次数2 次;解吸剂乙醇体积分数70%,流速0.01 mL/s,pH 3,纯化之后稠李花色苷的色价为57.1,纯化了16.31 倍;NBT实验结果表明,稠李花色苷具有清除超氧阴离子自由基的能力,且具有较好的剂量-效应关系;0.025 mg/mL的稠李花色苷能够保护H2O2损伤的N2A细胞,0.05 mg/mL的稠李花色苷能够降低细胞内活性氧水平。结论：AB-8大孔树脂是纯化稠李花色苷的一种有效方法,稠李花色苷在一定质量浓度范围内具有较好的体外抗氧化活性。     

地榆多酚分离纯化及其抗氧化性研究

通过比较7种大孔树脂对地榆多酚的吸附率和解吸率的影响,筛选出XAD-8树脂适宜分离地榆多酚。地榆多酚分离纯化的条件为:上样浓度2.5 mg/m L,p H5.0,平衡吸附时间3 h,洗脱液乙醇体积分数60%,上样流速1.0 m L/min,洗脱流速1.5 m L/min,纯化后地榆多酚纯度由20.79%提高到62.97%。地榆多酚具有较强的抗氧化能力,清除羟自由基和还原能力均高于VC,地榆多酚对羟自由基和DPPH自由基的半抑制质量浓度（IC50）分别为0.179 mg/m L和0.691 mg/m L。      

大孔树脂纯化胭脂萝卜花青素及抗氧化活性研究

以重庆市特色蔬菜胭脂萝卜为原材料提取花青素,以吸附率和解析率为指标考察6种大孔树脂对胭脂萝卜花青素的纯化效果,从中筛选出最佳大孔树脂并探讨其吸附性能和纯化工艺,分析最佳树脂纯化前后胭脂萝卜花青素的色价及抗氧化活性。结果表明,AB-8树脂在吸附和解析3h后其吸附率和解析率达到91.2%和96.6%。AB-8树脂的纯化工艺为:上样浓度为0.80 mg/mL,上样液pH 4,上样流速8 mL/min,洗脱流速6 mL/min。经AB-8树脂纯化后的胭脂萝卜花青素色价是粗提液的9倍。0.75mg/mL的胭脂萝卜花青素纯化液抗氧化活性显著高于同浓度的花青素粗提液及维生素C,经AB-8树脂纯化的胭脂萝卜花青素纯化液对羟自由基、DPPH自由基及油脂的清除能力显著提高。以上结果表明,AB-8树脂是胭脂萝卜花青素的最佳纯化树脂。     

Electrochemical behaviour and antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins from Chilean red wine,grape and raspberry

The anthocyanin fractions were extracted from Cabernet Sauvignon red wine, skins of Vitis vinifera grapes and raspberry fruits (Rubus idaeus). In red wine extract, 16 anthocyanins were identified, malvidin-3-O-glucoside being the main anthocyanin, which comprised 53.6% of the total anthocyanin in grape extract. Raspberry extract contained mainly delphinidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was assayed by electrochemical methods. Best resolution of the oxidation peaks for the extracts and diluted wine was obtained by pulse differential voltammetry. The wine diluted 20× presented values of P1 (443 mV) and P2 (676 mV) similar to those corresponding to wine extract, and to the anthocyanin malvidin-3-O-glucoside. The antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins in extracts of wine, grape skin and raspberry fruit was also determined by the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) method.     

黑糯玉米芯花色苷提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性研究

以黑糯玉米芯为实验对象,以花色苷提取液的吸光值作为提取效果指标,采用响应面法优化了黑糯玉米芯中花色苷的提取工艺条件。在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面分析法中的Box-Behnken模式进行三因素三水平的实验设计,结果表明:当乙醇浓度62%,液料比24∶1（m L/g）,提取温度47℃,提取时间为120 min,p H为2时,黑糯玉米芯花色苷提取效果最好;在该条件下,采用p H示差法测得到黑糯玉米芯中花色苷含量为57.29 mg/g。通过高效液相色谱-二极管阵列-电喷雾-串联质谱法鉴定了黑糯玉米芯中花色苷的组成,主要为三种花色苷:矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷、天葵色素-3-葡萄糖苷、芍药色素-3-葡萄糖苷。抗氧化活性实验表明:黑糯玉米芯花色苷提取物具有一定的清除DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的能力,同时也显示了较强的还原能力和铁还原力。      

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins in black rice bran on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice

The benefits of anthocyanin-rich black rice bran extract (ARBE) on the liver of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-intoxicated mice was investigated. Based on the in vivo experiment, the effect of cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cy-3-G) and peonidin-3-glucoside (Pn-3-G), the predominant anthocyanins in ARBE, on CCl₄ insulted hepatocytes L-02 was further evaluated. Mice treated with ARBE for 7 weeks by oral administration showed reduced aminotransferase activities in serum, accompanied by enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, while tiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were significantly decreased compared to CCl₄-intoxicated model group. Histopathological observation showed ARBE administration alleviated the pathological changes in livers of CCl₄-intoxicated mice. Similarly, preincubation of L-02 cells with Cy-3-G or Pn-3-G significantly alleviated CCl₄-induced injury dose-dependently, exhibited higher cell viability, decreased aminotransferase activity and enhanced cellular antioxidant status. Furthermore, Cy-3-G showed much stronger hepatoprotective activity than Pn-3-G at the same concentration. HPLC analysis showed that Cy-3-G accounted for more than 88% of total anthocyanins in ARBE. These results indicate that ARBE is significantly beneficial to liver health, and that Cy-3-G is the predominant anthocyanin in ARBE exerting this effect. The antioxidant activity of anthocyanins is an important mechanism by which ARBE exerts hepatic health benefit.     

甘蔗皮花色苷的提取及抗氧化能力研究

目的:对甘蔗皮花色苷的抗氧化活性进行研究。方法:采用4种体外实验模型对甘蔗皮花色苷清除有机自由基(DPPH·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、超阴氧离子自由基(O2-·)能力和抗脂质过氧化能力进行了实验研究,并与抗坏血酸进行比较。结果:甘蔗皮花色苷具有抗脂质过氧化能力,清除有机自由基、羟基自由基、超阴氧离子自由基能力。甘蔗皮花色苷抗脂质过氧化能力强于抗坏血酸;在清除超阴氧离子自由基能力方面不如抗坏血酸;在清除有机自由基、羟基自由基能力方面,低浓度时二者接近,高浓度时花色苷略强于抗坏血酸。结论:甘蔗皮花色苷作为具有抗氧化功能的天然色素,其应用前景广阔。     

Effect of mixing time, freeze-drying and baking on phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity of raspberry juice during processing of muffins

BACKGROUND: Consumption of baked products constitutes an important part of a daily breakfast considering that people are continually grabbing meals on the go. Among baked products, muffins rank third in breakfast products and attract a broad range of consumers. Incorporation of red raspberry juice into muffins can add value to the product while preserving health benefits to the consumer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mixing time, freeze‐drying and baking on the phenolic and anthocyanin contents and antioxidant capacity of raspberry juice during the preparation of muffins. RESULTS: Freeze‐drying of raspberry batters reduced their phenolic content and antioxidant capacity regardless of mixing time. Non‐freeze‐dried raspberry batter mixed for 5 min had the highest phenolic content (0.88 mg gallic acid equivalent g^?1 dry matter (DM)). Non‐freeze‐dried raspberry muffins had the highest antioxidant capacity (0.041 µmol Trolox equivalent g^?1 DM). Freeze‐dried raspberry batters mixed for 5 and 10 min had the highest anthocyanin content (0.065 mg cyanidin‐3‐glucoside g^?1 DM). Baking reduced the anthocyanin content of both non‐freeze‐dried and freeze‐dried raspberry muffins. CONCLUSION: Despite the reduction in valuable compounds, muffin is a vehicle for the delivery of these compounds. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

响应面耦合遗传算法优化桑葚花色苷的纯化工艺及抗氧化活性

以桑葚为原料,首先比较8种大孔树脂对花色苷纯度和回收率的影响,筛选出纯化花色苷的最佳树脂;然后通过单因素试验和响应面耦合遗传算法优化桑葚花色苷的纯化工艺;采用高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)分析纯化前后花色苷提取物组分,并测定纯化前后花色苷提取物对A...