不锈钢切削加工

不锈钢属于常见的难加工金属材料,因其韧性大、切削热高、导热性差、加工硬化严重等特点,使切削加工十分困难。本文针对不锈钢材料切削加工的特点,简要介绍了不锈钢的种类和切削特点,以及刀具材料、刀具几何参数、切削用量、冷却润滑液的一些基本选择方法。     

不锈钢材料的切削加工技术研究与实践应用

在金属材料中不锈钢属于比较常见的难加工材料之一,不锈钢在切削加工中存在导热性差、切削热度高、韧性大、加工硬度大等问题,给切削加工带来一定难度。本文将详细介绍不锈钢材料的特性及切削加工的主要技术措施,并以把手为例分析不锈钢铣削加工方法。     

不锈钢专用硬质合金立铣刀设计及切削性能研究

不锈钢被广泛应用于机械零件中,因其塑性和韧性大的特点,在切削加工过程中容易出现切削硬化、切削温度高、切削阻力大、切屑不易折断等特点,属于难加工材料。普通硬质合金立铣刀加工此类材料时,刀具会出现剧烈磨损,切屑与刀具容易产生粘连,严重影响刀具寿命。本文对不锈钢的加工特点和加工此类材料的刀具进行研究,介绍了加工不锈钢专用立铣刀的设计要点,并通过试验验证了此类刀具的切削性能。     

瓦尔特新型Xtra·tec Insert Drill可转位钻头

<正>切削加工中提高生产效率的决定性因素通常在于刀具本身,因此刀具使用非常重要。为两者兼顾,瓦尔特公司推出了带有Walter Capto刀柄系统的最新Xtra·tec Insert Drills可转位刀片钻头。这种带可转位刀片的钻头是真正的"多面手",其加工范围从钢、铸铁材料直到不锈钢和难切削材料,链式孔加工、倾斜表面或是球形表面都可以加工。Xtra·tec Insert Drill系列可转位刀片钻头得到进一步升级,装备有Walter     

钛合金TC4与不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti加工比较研究

根据对钛合金TC4与不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti切削加工性的比较分析,提出了从刀具入手解决两类材料切削加工问题的思路和途径,以及合理选择刀具材料,确定刀具几何参数、刃磨刀具、冷却润滑的一般原则及方法。     

用高速钢刀具车削不锈钢

在车削加工不锈钢材料时，尤其是奥氏体不锈钢(1Cr18Ni9Ti)(以下统称不锈钢)，切削力大，切削温度高，不易断屑，表面硬化现象严重，切削性能差。由于硬质合金刀具不能刃磨得非常锋利，切削速度又不能过低。在有些情况下，例如用硬质合金刀具切断，车螺纹等切削比较困难。我在实际操作中摸索认识到，不锈钢材料虽然切削性能较差，但其材料的硬度不高(200HB左右)。利用普通高速钢刀具可刃磨得非常锋利这一特点，用锋利的高速钢刀具在较低的切削速度下切削很轻快，表面硬化现象也很轻，加工过程与加工普通中碳钢差不多。     

自动切削液在普通钻床和攻丝机上的设计和应用

正普通刀具在钻床和攻丝机批量加工过程中,对于不锈钢和其他脆硬材料,加工钻头直径小于5 mm,丝锥小于M5的孔和螺纹,刀具寿命往往不长,需要频繁更换刀具,主要表现为退火、折断以及切削刃磨损严重。刀具寿命直接影响生产效率。经过分析,造成刀具寿命不长的原因很多,诸如进给量、刀具材料和刀具刃磨角度等。还有更重要的一点就是切削液,采用合适的切削液往往可以缓解其他因素的产生,延长刀具寿命。切削液的作用有3种:清洗、冷却和     

手工刃磨麻花钻的方法

麻花钻头是孔加工的常用刀具,针对各种不同类型孔的钻削要求,钻孔前根据需要提前刃磨钻头。另外钻头长期使用也会有不同程度的磨损和钝化,为更好发挥钻头的切削效率,提高钻头的使用寿命,减省操作者的劳动强度,就需要科学地刃磨钻头,钻头因为切削刃较多和各角度复杂,磨削钻头要求高、难度大,本文详细论述了麻花钻头磨削的基本方法和各种注意事项。     

难加工材料的切削及刀具

随着工业现代化,在机械制造业中广泛应用高强度、高硬度、耐磨、耐热等金属材料。为了适应新材料的切削加工,对切削刀具的材料、几何参数、加工工艺提出了新的要求。通过切削实践,选用新型刀片材料、革新刀具结构、合理确定刀具几何参数是解决难加工材料的切削关键。现就我厂加工3Cr2W 8 V、60 SiMnMo、冷硬铸铁三种材料的试验情况,简介如下:     

高效率钻头

苏联查波罗什变压器厂把麻花钻切削部分的几何形状改进为带曲线的主切削刃1。其刃磨半径R=1.05d,式中d为钻头直径,见附图a。切削刃的半径形状是借助刃磨钻头夹具(发明证书867613)得到的。现在已研制成麻花钻切削部分新的曲线几何形状,就是在主切削刃1和辅助切削刃2的连接处有一个带附加倒圆的切削刃3,见附图b。它的半径r<0.5d。该钻头比标准的钻头寿命长。加工钢材时,此刀具寿命比标准磨削的钻头要提高1.6～6倍,而加工铸     

SUS304不锈钢ELID镜面磨削正交化实验研究

SUS304不锈钢具有高耐腐耐磨性和良好的综合性能而被广泛应用,但其高韧性和低导热性使传统的SUS304不锈钢磨削或车削工艺存在一定困难。在线电解修整ELID(Electrolytic in-process dressing)磨削技术能有效地用于SUS304不锈钢镜面磨削加工。本文主要对SUS304不锈钢进行ELID镜面磨削正交化实验研究以获得合理的工艺参数。首先利用#325砂轮进行7个影响因素2水平的正交磨削实验,获得初步的优化参数,然后利用#1200砂轮进行3个影响因素2水平的正交镜面磨削实验。通过改变削件砂轮转速、X和Y平台移动速度、进给率和ELID电源件等各种磨削条件,获得优化后的磨削工艺参数,进行了相应的磨削验证,并讨论了工艺参数对磨削特性的影响。研究了不同砂轮磨粒对表面粗糙度的影响,使用#8000金刚石砂轮对SUS304不锈钢镜面磨削,获得表面粗糙度Ra=3.6 nm。     

不锈钢和钛合金工件的高效深孔钻削工艺

针对不锈钢、钛合金材料的深孔加工问题 ,分析了难加工材料的切削特性。从刀具设计及工艺方面 ,对高效深孔钻削进行了研究 ,并实际进行了切削试验 ,取得了较为满意的加工效果     

不锈钢材料的切削加工

不锈钢具有韧性大、热强度高、导热系数低、加工硬化严重等特性,机械加工困难。为了提高不锈钢切削性能,选择的刀具材料一般为硬质合金和高速钢材料两种,对于形状复杂的刀具,主要采用高速钢材料。刀具几何角度的选择包括前角、后角、主偏角、刃倾角的选择,以车刀为例,分别进行了介绍。另外,合理选择了切削用量和切削液。通过对加工过程中各项参数的优化,可有效提高切削不锈钢零件的加工效率和产品质量。     

硬脆材料超声振动钻磨表面特征试验研究

将超声振动引入普通钻磨中,对不同加工参数时普通钻磨和超声钻磨两种模式下的表面粗糙度进行了试验分析,并对超声与普通钻磨过程中的被加工表面微观形貌进行了试验研究.结果表明,超声振动钻磨加工是适合硬脆材料等的一种高效加工方法.     

超声振动精密砂带磨削0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb不锈钢的试验研究

介绍了超声波振动精密砂带磨削机理,通过超声波振动精密砂带磨削与普通砂带磨削0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb不锈钢的对比试验,弄清了超声波振动在砂带磨削过程中的作用,证明了超声波振动精密砂带磨削是加工不锈钢等难加工材料的一种有效方法。     

Experimental study of grinding fluids for abrasive-belt grinding of stainless steel

A number of ferritic stainless steels with high corrosion resistance have recently been developed, but these steels are known to be difficult to grind in coated abrasive-belt grinding operations. In order to formulate or select an optimum oil-based grinding fluid with which such stainless steels can be successfully ground, an optimum base oil was first experimentally selected, and then additives were evaluated for their effect in improving abrasive-belt grinding performance. A paraffinic mineral oil having a certain viscosity was found to be suitable for the base oil. Chemical grinding oil additives were found markedly effective in improving the abrasive-belt grinding performance for both 19Cr-2Mo ferritic stainless steel and SUS 304 austenitic steel, with those containing sulphur or chlorine being superior to those containing phosphorus, fatty acid or alcohol. Among all the additives tested, chemically active oils, such as sulphurized mineral oil, exhibited the best performance. Effects of chlorinated paraffins on the grinding performance could be perceived but were not so great as those of sulphur-series additives. The addition of TCP (tricresyl phosphate) to the grinding oil containing sulphur reduced metal removal in the case of 18Cr-2Mo ferritic stainless steel (SUS 444). In the case of SUS 430 ferritic stainless steel, however, TCP increased metal removal for a comparatively low sulphur concentration, but, above an optimum concentration of 0.4 wt% S, metal removal was reduced by TCP addition. A comparison of sulphur-series additives added to a sulphurized paraffinic mineral oil showed that nonyl polysulphide was superior to any other additives for improving the grinding performance in 19Cr-2Mo steel (SUS 444) and SUS 430. Excess addition of sulphurized fatty oil to a grinding fluid lowered the cutting ability of abrasive grains.     

钛合金深孔钻削钻头刀片材料和几何参数的选择

这里以难加工材料钛合金为研究对象，针对钛合金材料的加工难点特性，选择目前国内相应的硬质合金材料，并优化组合出不同的钻头几何参数，进行了深孔钻削试验。通过对试验结果进行分析，确定出适合加工钛合金材料的深孔钻用刀片材料和几何参数。     

Improvement of Tool Life and Exit Burr using Variable Feeds when Drilling Stainless Steel with Coated Drills

Variable feed machining is a signifant method for improving the cutting tool life and exit burr height for hard and difficult to machine materials. Four coated drills were tested in the present study, namely, TiN, TiCN, CrN, and TiALN. The results indicate that the amplitude of variation of feed, a = 0.6, is optimum for maximum tool life or minimum burr height. TiN-coated drills were superior to CrN-coated or TiALN-coated drills when drilling stainless steel. The chisel wear and the outer corner wear were the dominant mechanisms of the drill wear.     

A comparative experimental investigation of deep-hole micro-EDM drilling capability for cemented carbide (WC-Co) against austenitic stainless steel (SUS 304)

Microelectro-discharge machining (micro-EDM) has become a widely accepted non-traditional material removal process for machining difficult-to-cut but conductive materials effectively and economically. The present study aims to investigate the feasibility of machining deep microholes in two difficult-to-cut materials: cemented carbide (WC-Co) and austenitic stainless steel (SUS 304) using the micro-EDM drilling. The effect of discharge energy and electro-thermal material properties on the performance of the two work materials during the micro-EDM drilling has also been investigated. The micro-EDM drilling performance of two materials has been assessed based on the quality and accuracy of the produced microholes, machining stability, material removal rate (MRR), and electrode wear ratio. The results show that deep-hole micro-EDM drilling is technically more feasible in WC-Co as it offers microholes with smooth and burr-free surfaces at the rim in addition to improved circularity and lower overcut than those provided by SUS 304. Moreover, WC-Co exhibits better machinability during the deep-hole micro-EDM drilling, providing relatively higher MRR and stable machining.