地下水中氨氮、铁、锰的同步去除及其相互作用

在中试规模条件下,考察了接触催化氧化过滤工艺同步去除地下水中氨氮、铁、锰的效果,研究了三者在去除过程中的交互作用。结果表明:该工艺对原水中的氨氮、铁、锰具有良好的去除效果;铁优先于锰和氨氮被去除,提高进水亚铁离子浓度会导致除氨氮滤层向下迁移,出水氨氮浓度不达标,而铁离子对去除锰离子不产生影响的界限浓度为2 mg/L;提高进水锰离子浓度可以显著促进对高浓度氨氮的去除,表明锰质滤膜对氨氮的去除可能起到了催化氧化的作用。     

曝气＋一级过滤进行地下水除铁除锰的实验研究

采用曝气＋一级过滤工艺进行高锰含量的地下水除铁除锰实验研究。结果表明：该工艺在适当的运行参数下能够有效地去除铁锰，使出水水质达标。同时对铁锰的去除机理进行了分析。     

地表水中突发性、季节性超标锰的去除应用

铁西水厂选用高锰酸钾作为氧化剂,在pH值为中性的条件下,使二价锰氧化成不溶性二氧化锰,再通过常规水处理工艺将其去除。生产试验结果表明,投加高锰酸钾对锰有很好的去除效果,出厂水锰含量符合国家标准。不改变水厂原有工艺,通过投加适量高锰酸钾,去除源水突发性、季节性的锰含量超标的方法切实可行。     

高锰酸钾预处理微污染地表水研究

通过生产性试验考察了高锰酸钾预处理工艺对地表水中有机物、氨氮、铁、锰等污染物的去除效果,并与预氯化工艺进行了对比。结果表明,高锰酸钾预处理在减少铁锰污染、去除氨氮、降低有机物含量等方面具有比预氯化更好的效果。     

地表水中突发性、季节性超标锰的去除

铁西水厂选用高锰酸钾作为氧化剂，在PH值为中性的条件下，使二价锰氧化成不溶性二氧化锰，再通过常规水处理工艺将其去除。生产试验结果表明，投加高锰酸钾对锰有很好的去除效果，出厂水锰含量符合国家标准。不改变水厂原有工艺，通过投加适量高锰酸钾，去除原水突发性、季节性的锰含量超标的方法切实可行。     

预投加高锰酸钾工艺用于工业用水除锰

上海石化水厂低硅水车间常规处理工艺对锰的去除有限，在一定程度上影响了工业企业生产装置的运行。对预投加高锰酸钾工艺除锰进行了生产性应用，结果表明，根据原水中的锰含量投加适量高锰酸钾对锰有很好的去除效果，可使出厂水的锰含量〈0．1mg／L。     

地下水中铁和锰的危害及去除方法

简要介绍了地下水中铁和锰的危害,以及几种去除铁锰的工艺方法,指出各种去除方法的优缺点,并在此基础上推荐最佳的工艺流程,以便更好地为人类生产和生活服务。     

高锰酸钾直接除锰技术及应用

在水的pH值弱碱的条件下,水中的二价锰可被高锰酸钾迅速氧化为四价锰,通过混凝沉淀直接去除。本文以实验室搅拌实验的结果为依据,考察了不同浓度的高锰酸钾情况下,去除原水中锰的效果,并把所得结论运用于生产试验。结果表明,在不改变任何工艺参数的条件下,根据原水中的锰含量高低投加一定量的高锰酸钾对锰的去除是有一定效果,使出厂水的锰含量指标达到生活饮用水卫生标准。     

高锰酸钾法除锰的技术运用

本文以实验室实验的结果为依据,考察了不同条件下利用高锰酸钾去除原水中锰的不同效果,并运用于生产试验.结果表明,在不改变任何工艺参数的条件下,根据源水中的锰含量高低投加适量高锰酸钾对锰有较好的去除效果,使出厂水的锰含量指标达到国标要求.     

新型气浮-沉淀池与锰砂滤料V型滤池组合除锰

珠海三灶水厂改造工程处理规模为2.0×104m3/d,采用网格絮凝+新型气浮-沉淀+锰砂滤料V型滤池组合工艺。水库原水中锰的最高含量达到1.19 mg/L,生产运行时,新型气浮-沉淀池运行沉淀工艺对锰的去除率在32.56%~76.36%,运行气浮工艺对锰的去除率在60.71%~78.37%;经锰砂滤料V型滤池过滤后,对锰的去除率达到84.6%~100%,出水锰含量远小于0.1 mg/L。生产运行发现,絮凝效果与锰的去除效果存在正相关;溶解氧和高锰酸钾对锰的去除具有叠加效应;原水p H值在7.5左右时,整体工艺对锰的去除率较高。     

新生态铁锰氧化物的混凝及强化混凝效能分析

采用FeSO4与KMnO4反应制备成新生态铁锰氧化物,并对松花江水进行处理。试验结果表明：新生态铁锰氧化物较新生态二氧化锰的除污效果好,但新生态铁锰氧化物的除污能力会随着放置时间的延长而逐渐下降;在不同温度和浊度的松花江水的混凝试验中,浊度低时新生态铁锰氧化物对水中有机物的去除效果较好,温度对其混凝效果影响较小;利用新生态铁锰氧化物强化硫酸铝的混凝过程,能够明显提高对低温、低浊水中有机物的去除效果,对UV254的去除率较单独投加硫酸铝时几乎提高了1倍,对TOC的强化去除作用在混凝剂投量低时更为明显。     

生物滤层同时去除地下水中铁、锰离子研究

迄今为止的除铁、除锰工艺大多是采用传统的处理方法,即：一级除铁、二级除锰。在生物固锰、除锰技术确立之后,通过长期的试验研究,发现了铁、锰离子可以在同一生物滤层中去除的规律,从而可以采用一级曝气、过滤的简缩流程以更新传统的二级曝气、过滤的长流程设计。     

Utilization of Mn–Fe solid wastes from electrolytic MnO2 production in the manufacture of ceramic building products

The aim of this work is to evaluate the utilization of Mn–Fe solid wastes, originating from electrolytic manganese oxide production plants, as raw materials in the manufacturing process and on the properties of traditional ceramic building products such as bricks, roof or floor tiles. The Mn–Fe solid wastes are chemically and morphologically characterized. Subsequently, ceramic test specimens incorporating 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt.% solid wastes are made. Two different shaping technologies are used, namely compaction and extrusion. The green specimens are finally fired to different peak temperatures ranging from 950 to 1100 °C. The final products are characterized concerning important properties such as modulus of rupture, water absorption, weight loss and color. It appears that Mn–Fe solid wastes when used up to a percentage of 7.5 wt.% improve the basic properties of traditional building ceramic products. The results of this study are demonstrated by the successful pilot production of real size ceramic products.     

黄河口表层沉积物中的可提取铜和锌

通过偏相关分析和逐步回归分析发现黄河口及其附近海域表层沉积物中可提取铜主要结合在水含氧化物和粘土矿的外表面上．而可提取锌主要结合在水合氧化铁上，其次结合在水含氧化锰上．用１ｍｏｌ盐酸提取沉积物中的铜、锌、铁和锰，同时测定了沉积物的外比表面积．     

负锰滤料去除地下水中锰的影响因素研究

通过锥形瓶静态实验,研究不同参数下负锰滤料对水中锰（Mn2＋）的去除效果.实验表明：滤料粒径为2mm时,Mn2＋的去除率及实际应用效果最佳;随着负锰滤料投加量的增加,Mn2＋的去除率也随之增加;随着溶液pH值的升高,滤料对水中的Mn2＋的去除率也随之增加;若体系中有Fe2＋存在,不利于负锰滤料对Mn2＋的吸附;负锰滤料对Mn2＋吸附等温线更符合Langmuir吸附模型,属于单分子层吸附.     

生物除铁除锰滤池构造及过滤方式研究

对比试验表明,生物除铁除锰滤池的构造及过滤方式对生物滤层的建立及过滤性能有较大影响。上向流过滤能增大微生物生长繁殖空间,缩短滤层成熟期和保证成熟过程中出水水质;均质滤层是一种比较适于生物除铁除锰的滤池结构形式。     

Biostimulation of iron reduction and subsequent oxidation of sediment containing Fe-silicates and Fe-oxides: effect of redox cycling on Fe(III) bioreduction

Sediment containing a mixture of iron (Fe)-phases, including Fe-oxides (mostly Al-goethite) and Fe-silicates (illites and vermiculite) was bioreduced in a long-term flow through column experiment followed by re-oxidation with dissolved oxygen. The objective of this study was (a) to determine the nature of the re-oxidized Fe(III), and (b) to determine how redox cycling of Fe would affect subsequent Fe(III)-bioavailability. In addition, the effect of Mn on Fe(III) reduction was explored.(57)Fe-M?ssbauer spectroscopy measurements showed that biostimulation resulted in partial reduction (20%) of silicate Fe(III) to silicate Fe(II) while the reduction of goethite was negligible. Furthermore, the reduction of Fe in the sediment was uniform throughout the column. When, after biostimulation, 3900 pore volumes of a solution containing dissolved oxygen was pumped through the column over a period of 81 days, approximately 46% of the reduced silicate Fe(II) was re-oxidized to silicate Fe(III). The M?ssbauer spectra of the re-oxidized sample were similar to that of pristine sediment implying that Fe-mineralogy of the re-oxidized sediment was mineralogically similar to that of the pristine sediment. In accordance to this, batch experiments showed that Fe(III) reduction occurred at a similar rate although time until Fe(II) buildup started was longer in the pristine sediment than re-oxidized sediment under identical seeding conditions. This was attributed to oxidized Mn that acted as a temporary redox buffer in the pristine sediment. The oxidized Mn was transformed to Mn(II) during bioreduction but, unlike silicate Fe(II), was not re-oxidized when exposed to oxygen.     

Influences of iron, manganese, and dissolved organic carbon on the hypolimnetic cycling of amended mercury

The biogeochemical cycling of iron, manganese, sulfide, and dissolved organic carbon were investigated to provide information on the transport and removal processes that control the bioavailability of isotopic mercury amended to a lake. Lake profiles showed a similar trend of hypolimnetic enrichment of Fe, Mn, DOC, sulfide, and the lake spike ((202)Hg, purity 90.8%) and ambient of pools of total mercury (HgT) and methylmercury (MeHg). Hypolimnetic enrichment of Fe and Mn indicated that reductive mobilization occurred primarily at the sediment-water interface and that Fe and Mn oxides were abundant within the sediments prior to the onset of anoxia. A strong relationship (r(2)=0.986, n=15, p<0.001) between filterable Fe and Mn indicated that reduction of Fe and Mn hydrous oxides in the sediments is a common in-lake source of Fe(II) and Mn(II) to the hypolimnion and that a consistent Mn:Fe mass ratio of 0.05 exists in the lake. A strong linear relationship of both the filterable [Fe] (r(2)=0.966, n=15, p<0.001) and [Mn] (r(2)=0.964, n=15, p<0.001) to [DOC] indicated a close linkage of the cycles of Fe and Mn to DOC. Persistence of iron oxides in anoxic environments suggested that DOC was being co-precipitated with Fe oxide and released into solution by the reductive dissolution of the oxide. The relationship between ambient and lake spike HgT (r(2)=0.920, n=27, p<0.001) and MeHg (r(2)=0.967, n=23, p<0.001) indicated that similar biogeochemical processes control the temporal and spatial distribution in the water column. The larger fraction of MeHg in the lake spike compared to the ambient pool in the hypolimnion suggests that lake spike may be more available for methylation. A linear relationship of DOC to both filterable ambient HgT (r(2)=0.406, n=27, p<0.001) and lake spike HgT (r(2)=0.314, n=15, p=0.002) suggest a role of organic matter in Hg transport and cycling. However, a weak relationship between the ambient and lake spike pools of MeHg to DOC indicated that other processes have a major role in controlling the abundance and distribution of MeHg. Our results suggest that Fe and Mn play important roles in the transport and cycling of ambient and spike HgT and MeHg in the hypolimnion, in part through processes linked to the formation and dissolution of organic matter-containing Fe and Mn hydrous oxides particles.     

Seasonal changes in the forms and species of iron and manganese in a seasonally-inundated floodplain swamp

The forms and species in which Fe and Mn occurred in a seasonally-inundated Southeastern United States floodplain swamp were examined. The analytical scheme provided operational estimates of the concentrations of Fe(II), Fe(III) and Mn in particulate (> 0.45 μm), colloidal (0.45-0.0032 μm) and ultrafilterable (<0.0032 μm) size fractions. The procedure also provided a differentiation between forms of Fe that were readily reactive to bathophenanthroline (BPN) and those forms that were unreactive to BPN until undergoing acid extraction. Further, the concentrations of Fe and Mn associated with suspended particulate matter in ion-exchangeable, reducible, and oxidizable forms and as inert mineral were determined using an operational classification scheme.The ferric species predominated due to the oxygenated conditions of the swamp water. Concentrations of colloidal-sized, readily-reducible Fe and of ultrafilterable Fe(II) and Fe(III) were low (<0.25 mg 1⁻¹) and fairly constant throughout the study; more Fe occurred in the colloidal than ultrafilterable size range. The majority of the colloidal-sized Fe was in an acid-extracted form. Almost all ultrafilterable Fe was ferric, although high Fe(II) concentrations occurred in floodplain soil pore water. Total Fe, mainly particulate-associated, varied with periods of flooding and intense bioturbation. Manganese occurred in low concentrations, primarily in the ultrafilterable fraction, although colloidal-sized Mn forms were important at times. Most of the Fe and Mn associated with suspended particulates occurred in the inert mineral form and to a lesser extent in a reducible form. Ion-exchangeable and oxidizable particulate Fe and Mn were relatively unimportant.