Understanding the impact of BIM on collaboration: a Canadian case study

ABSTRACT

Facilitating collaboration amongst project stakeholders in the construction industry is one of the central tenants of building information modelling (BIM). While there is increasing evidence of the positive influence of BIM on project outcomes, ambiguity remains around BIM’s true impact on collaboration. The presented case study aims to develop insights into the impact of BIM on collaboration in the architecture, engineering and construction industry. A critical realist perspective was adopted and a systematic combining approach was employed to support data collection and analysis. Data were collected through a longitudinal case study of a large design–build project in Canada. The unit of analysis was the individual project team member. Five cognitive determinants identified from the analysis are seen to inform an individual’s framing of event patterns in the context of BIM-enabled collaboration: requirements, expectations, intentions, incentives and capabilities. From this perspective, the impact of BIM on collaboration is understood as a reshaping of an individual’s cognitive determinants, which influence a team member’s framing of event patterns enacted throughout project delivery. This shift is manifested by changing information landscapes, i.e. sources and flows of information, that are generated, shared and consumed within the project team.     

Design coordination strategies in a 2D and BIM mixed-project environment: social dynamics and productivity

ABSTRACT

Despite the rapid spread of building information modelling (BIM), the majority of BIM projects are still conducted in a mixed-project environment: two-dimensional (2D) drawing and BIM. The design-coordination productivity and information-exchange patterns are analysed for a unique case where two towers, A and B, of a hospital project deployed two different design coordination strategies in a 2D and BIM mixed-construction environment. The tower A strategy coordinated designs using drawings as the main source of information and confirmed them using BIM (BIM-assisted coordination), whereas the tower B strategy coordinated designs using BIM and confirmed them using drawings (BIM-led coordination). The coordination productivity was 228% faster for tower B than for tower A. The frequency of design changes was much lower for tower B (0.42 times/drawing) than for tower A (2.13 times/drawing). As the result, the design coordination for tower A was delayed by 9.3 months, whereas tower B was completed rapidly and without any delay. A social network analysis revealed that the BIM-led coordination was supported by the relatively even distribution of information, the reduced control of an mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP) engineer over a project, and higher accessibility to the information for every project participant.     

Rhino在大同图书馆中的BIM实践

BIM代表的一体化概念已经得到广泛认同,势必会成为未来的主流,它在数据整合与处理上的强大优势,使得BIM在建筑全生命周期内各项工作的协同关系中起到了重要的作用。Rhino作为设计软件,与BIM的对接十分必要。介绍Rhino在大同图书馆建造过程中的BIM实践应用过程,展现Rhino如何解决复杂钢结构施工过程中的指导作用和重要意义。     

BIM技术在多哈大桥施工管理中的应用

为更好地实现精细化管理,基于卡塔尔多哈大桥项目,建立了桥梁BIM细致模型,通过数字化仿真模拟技术,进行了基于BIM技术的多哈大桥安装施工、穿筋施工、落位施工及预应力张拉施工仿真模拟,从而更好地指导桥梁复杂工艺的施工;建立多哈大桥BIM数据库及资料库,并基于VDC技术,进行了多哈大桥预应力专项施工管理平台的二次开发,该平台可操作性强、高效快捷。实践证明,通过BIM技术的应用,大大提高了桥梁结构的施工效率,节约了时间与成本,实现了桥梁工程中的信息化管理。     

BIM在工程施工中的应用

根据我国施工管理特点和实际需求,提出了工程施工BIM应用的技术架构、系统流程和应对措施,并将BIM与4D技术相结合,自主研发建筑施工BIM建模系统和基于BIM的4D施工项目管理系列软件,从而形成一套工程施工BIM应用整体实施方案。研究成果成功应用于国家体育场等十几个大型工程项目,验证了其可行性和适用性,充分体现了BIM技术在工程施工中的应用价值和广阔前景。     

Yield-to-BIM: impacts of BIM maturity on project performance

How does organizational experience (maturity) with building information modelling (BIM) impact on the broad implementation of BIM and on company performance? A survey of Dutch architectural, engineering, construction, and operation (AECO) professionals (n?=?890) is used to examine their perceptions of the impact of BIM maturity on firm performance. Survey items included measures of BIM element maturity (i.e., strategy, BIM uses, process, information, infrastructure and personnel), and key performance indicators (time, cost and quality performance). Surprisingly, the maturity of the BIM implementation strategy was the only reliable predictor of time, cost and quality performance. The result suggests that the impact of BIM maturity on project performance may be limited and it cautions against overoptimistic appraisals of BIM. In addition to the contribution to the literature on BIM performance, the paper should be of interest to the practitioner contemplating BIM investments.     

BIM技术在施工项目供应链管理中的应用

将供应链管理、系统集成和信息技术交叉起来,研究BIM技术在施工项目供应链管理中的应用。首先,阐述施工项目供应链管理的信息传递方式及BIM技术的特点;然后,基于对信息传递的认识,提出将BIM技术应用于施工项目供应链管理的基本路径;最后,设计基于BIM技术的施工项目供应链管理信息系统基本架构。     

Ordering in disguise: digital integration in built-environment practices

ABSTRACT

The digital integration of built-environment practices aims to bridge a large variety of organizations to improve building delivery and operation. However, recent research on building information modelling (BIM) reported organizational challenges arising from digital integration. This suggests a need to develop a critical perspective on digital-integration-driven organizational change. Adopting a practice-based approach, this paper exposes the practice-level phenomenon responsible for the ongoing change to develop a critical understanding and enable better interventions. The concepts of ‘simplification’ and ‘systematization’ of digital integration are developed from previous literature and then used to explore and interrelate the practice-level experiences of digital integration (i.e. the experience of the change from within) and the emerging patterns of interactions (i.e. the picture of the change from outside) in a BIM-enabled design project. The concept of ‘ordering in disguise’ is proposed to capture this phenomenon. It shows that practitioners experience digital integration as various task-specific instances of unresponsive technology. However, they are unaware that their ongoing efforts to accommodate it actually further reinforce digital integration’s simplification and systematization. This makes the unresponsiveness of technology harder to challenge, and ultimately forces the organization to change and adapt to it. Implications for management of practice are outlined.     

BIM技术在建筑施工安全管理中的应用研究

从保障建筑施工安全角度,基于BIM虚拟施工技术,构建了由资料基础模块、BIM虚拟施工模块以及安全监控模块3部分组成的多维数字化安全管理体系,重点分析了其中的关键环节,包括危害因素识别,危险区域划分,施工空间冲突管理,安全措施制定,实时安全监控、安全评价以及基于BIM的数字化安全培训等。并以防范高处坠落事故为例,介绍其应用。     

BIM技术在武汉某项目机电设计中的研究及应用

运用建筑信息模型对武汉瑞安天地A5企业中心项目进行深化设计及项目管理。通过信息模型的建造可以绘制详尽地施工图,使设计思路能详尽地表达给建设项目相关的各个单位,提高沟通效率,预见管线碰撞位置;通过信息模型可以对既有招标图、施工图进行系统的校核计算,使设备选型更合理;通过信息模型可以进行物料统计及施工进度的管理。     

BIM技术在重庆国际马戏城项目施工中的应用研究

针对重庆国际马戏城项目建筑造型复杂、施工难点多、工期紧等特点,通过采用BIM技术建立马戏城建筑信息化模型,根据BIM模型进行可视化交底、施工质量检查、工程量统计、施工进度模拟、施工专项方案、机电管线排布及钢结构制作安装等技术应用,马戏城工程项目通过BIM技术的应用明显提高了工效,缩短了工期,节省了工程成本。     

BIM adoption by public facility agencies: impacts on occupant value

ABSTRACT

Many governments have begun to demand that large public facility agencies adopt and implement building information modelling (BIM) in their business processes. Some have published BIM guides. Most of these are technical specifications that are useful at the project level, but they provide no support for the organization-level adoption effort. On the basis of a literature review, action research and case studies of five large UK government facility agencies, a BIM adoption impact map (BIM AIM) is proposed. It describes a set of possible relationships between the actions taken by public facility agencies, the intermediate outcomes of their actions and the eventual achievement of value for the occupants of the facilities they build. BIM AIM can be used by public facility agencies with a wide variety of construction project types to analyse and visualize the strengths, weaknesses and opportunities in their BIM adoption efforts, potentially enabling them to focus on social impacts and outcomes rather than on the technological or management actions that intermediate stakeholders promote.     

BIM技术在某大桥施工图审核中的应用

为更好地实现精细化管理,本文结合杭黄客专杨树村大桥的特点,建立了桥梁BIM细致模型,论述了该桥应用BIM技术的原因。实践证明,通过BIM技术的应用,大大提高了桥梁结构的施工效率,节约了时间与成本,指出该技术应用保障了项目施工管理各部门的高效运行,取得了良好的经济效益与管理效果,值得借鉴与推广。     

Teaching construction sciences with the integration of BIM to undergraduate architecture students

This study aims to test two hypotheses: teaching building information modeling (BIM) in relation to construction science provides students with a remarkable understanding of the nature of construction science (Hypothesis 1), and if the student has positive attitude toward the use of the BIM program, then efficiency by which construction science is taught by its means is improved (Hypothesis 2). Results and process of a case study with a novel teaching methodology were discussed in terms of the benefits of the students. A questionnaire study was conducted on the student group with which the case study was performed to test each student's attitude. Results were evaluated statistically. When BIM is integrated with the teaching of basic construction courses within architecture degree programs, the students understood the building system principles simply and effectively. As a result of the statistical analysis, the students find the applied method effective. Moreover, their attitude toward BIM affects the process.     

建筑企业供应链管理模式研究

简要介绍了建筑供应链的特点，在此基础上分析了供应链管理成功的几个主要因素，浅析了我国建筑供应链管理现状，并根据现状提出了一些改进建议。     

BIM在古建筑信息模型中的应用探究

中国古建筑是中华民族文化的特色瑰宝。以往对古建筑的文献资料收集、整理,希望对古建筑有更好的保护和传承。虽然图解、文字及文献、照片等对其保护具有重要的贡献,但依然没有把这些信息建立更完善、更整体的系统输入到一个平台之下。BIM技术的发展为古建筑的信息存储及研究提供了一条崭新的道路,使之更便捷有效。本文以一幢歇山建筑为例进行三维信息模型的创建,希望通过这个过程,对古建筑的保护、研究及相关专业人才的培养有一定的借鉴价值。     

城市设计视角下的BIM应用策略研究

在我国高速的城市化进程中,全国各地开展了大规模的城市建设,改造老城、开辟新区等一系列的城市更新运动正在如火如荼的进行着。本文基于BIM(建筑信息模型)的理念和技术,挖掘了BIM在城市设计领域中的应用,拓展了城市设计的方法范围和技术内涵,为城市设计的精细化、信息化做出了初步探索。     

BIM使用者满意度及其影响因素研究

近十几年来,建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling, BIM）已经引起世界范围内许多国家和组织机构的广泛关注和应用。然而,BIM的实际应用效果与它所具有的巨大潜力之间仍具有较大差距。在对已有研究进行分析和梳理的基础上,指出BIM使用者及其满意度对于BIM应用和发展的理论和实践意义。在对BIM使用者及BIM使用者满意度进行界定的前提下,基于TOE框架和结构方程模型分析和验证了影响BIM使用者满意度的因素。指出信息质量、高层管理支持和目标管理是影响建设工程项目BIM使用者满意度的关键因素,并对研究结果进行讨论。     

本体技术在建筑信息模型系统中的应用

建筑信息模型(BIM)系统在国内的发展还处于起步阶段,而且现代建筑的各个生命周期都有各自的一套数据组织管理模式和软件系统,这使得建立统一的信息系统变得较为困难。如何融合各阶段的有效数据,有效地反映建筑信息成为BIM系统的研究重点之一。为解决共享信息的问题、应用领域内的知识和提高BIM系统的智能化,提出根据业内的技术标准、经验知识构建领域本体的方法。通过给出基于本体的BIM系统应用框架,说明如何将领域本体应用于BIM系统以及本体如何与既有的知识、数据相结合产生各种针对性服务。     

建筑物BIM与实景三维模型融合方法研究

建筑物BIM和实景三维模型分别是建筑和地理信息领域两种三维模型,二者融合后的模型除了可展示建筑物自身内部细节,还可以分析建筑物与周边环境的相互作用,为智慧城市相关领域中的应用提供基础与支撑。二者融合的难点表现在建筑物几何信息融合、建筑物子组件语义信息的整合,以及空间位置的配准等方面。设计了二者融合的框架,选取IFC模型作为融合前的源模型,3DTitles作为融合后的目标模型,论述了融合流程和方法,包括：1） 重构BIM模型,根据建筑物构建类型,重构成子BIM模型; 2） 模型几何信息转换,采用中间交换格式法,选取obj和glTF格式实现交换; 3） 模型空间位置配准,先选取不同模型建筑物上的同名点,然后采用SVD算法计算配准参数完成配准; 4） 子组件语义信息映射,根据实景三维模型文件格式要求重新组织建筑物构建的语义信息。选取南京市某楼群开展了实验,验证了该融合方法,展示了此楼群BIM模型和实景三维模型的融合结果。总体上所论述的融合方法,除了可实现建筑物BIM与实景三维模型语义、几何和位置融合,在操作上除了需要手工选取同名点配准外,其他步骤均可通过程序自动实现,从而快速建立室内外一体化的建筑物模型。