废溶剂油分离研究

研究以间歇精馏从工业废溶剂油中分离二甲苯和醋酸丁酯。一是对预处理后的原料直接进行了间歇精馏工艺实验研究;二是将废溶剂油中的轻组分和重组分去掉后再分离二甲苯和醋酸丁酯;三是将原料按照不同的温度范围进行切取,将切取后得到的物质再进行分离。结果表明,在回流比R=4时,采用工艺一、二和三得到的二甲苯纯度≥95%,收率分别为67%,75%和74.2%。采用工艺一、二得到的醋酸丁酯纯度<95%,工艺三得到的醋酸丁酯纯度≥95%,收率为85%。     

间歇精馏回收废溶剂油中二甲苯/醋酸丁酯

采用间歇精馏法从工业废溶剂油中回收二甲苯和醋酸丁酯,对预处理后的原料进行了间歇精馏.考察了分离温度、时间、回流比等操作参数对分离过程的影响.结果表明,在最佳的工艺条件下,二甲苯和醋酸丁酯在馏出液中的含量均达到95%以上,回收率分别达到62%和99.4%.增大回流比有利于产品的回收.     

从洗油中分离喹啉的新方法

以洗油为原料,通过精馏-共沸精馏法,研究了喹啉的分离精制。首先精馏洗油,切取不同温度段的馏分,然后分别与共沸剂乙二醇进行共沸精馏试验;在共沸精馏中,通过改变馏分与共沸剂的质量比和回流比,考察了不同条件对喹啉纯度的影响。结果表明:①精馏洗油切取喹啉馏分的较佳条件为:回流比为10∶1,切取温度范围为220~230℃;②共沸精馏的较佳条件为:回流比为10∶1,喹啉馏分与共沸剂的质量比为1∶2.4,切取温度范围为188.4~188.8℃,喹啉的纯度可达98.5%。该方法具有操作简单、步骤少、纯度高、无污染的特点。     

非均相共沸精馏研究进展

非均相共沸精馏广泛应用于共沸物和近沸物的分离。文章介绍了非均相连续共沸精馏和非均相间歇共沸精馏关键技术的研究进展。对共沸精馏中的关键问题如共沸剂的选择做了详细论述和验证。利用残余曲线法对非均相共沸精馏的过程可行性进行了分析和讨论。     

间歇共沸精馏法分离乙二醇单甲醚和水的工艺

正本发明为一种间歇共沸精馏法分离乙二醇单甲醚和水的工艺,该工艺包括1)共沸精馏脱水:按质量比原料:共沸剂=(4~8):1,将原料和共沸剂加入精馏塔1的塔釜中,操作回流比为1~2.5,当精馏塔1塔顶温度T1=89℃~90℃,共沸精馏脱水结束;2)乙二醇单甲醚产品精制:继续精馏,操作回流比1~2.5,当精馏塔塔顶温度T1=124.6℃时,釜液为乙二醇单甲醚成品;3)回收共沸剂:塔釜采用再沸器2进行加     

费托合成油品脱酸和含氧化合物过程模拟

提出了三种从费托合成油品中脱酸和含氧化合物工艺.借助Aspen Plus模拟软件对三种工艺进行了优化设计,并对三种工艺的优劣进行了比较.结果表明,萃取精馏法工艺比较复杂;共沸精馏法在工艺上比萃取精馏法简单,而且达到同样的分离目标所需的工艺条件温和,节约了成本;非均相共沸精馏与均相共沸精馏相比,所需的溶剂比较低,而且溶剂回收更容易实现,从而降低了成本,但是,非均相共沸精馏的缺点在于其溶剂回收率不如均相共沸精馏高.     

顺丁橡胶装置回收单元溶剂油脱水塔换热的优化设计

溶剂油回收是多组分精馏过程,利用混合液中各组分的挥发度不同,在一定压力、温度下,在塔中经多次部分冷凝和部分蒸发,从而达到各组份分离的目的。粗溶剂油脱水采用非均相共沸,水与部分溶剂及丁二烯在一定温度、压力下产生共沸从塔顶蒸出,经冷凝器冷凝后,水与物料在回流罐中分层,水从设备底部排放掉,达到脱水的目的。溶剂油脱水塔,现塔顶温度约为100℃气相用循环水冷凝、冷却到40℃左右,而进料约40℃溶剂油用低压蒸汽加热。改为塔顶气相与进料两者进行换热,不但能节能低压蒸气、而且能减少循环水用量。     

共沸精馏技术研究及应用进展

本文综述了共沸精馏的特点、分类、共沸剂的选择及相关国内外研究进展。根据所形成的共沸物是否能分离为不互溶的两个液相,共沸精馏可分为均相共沸精馏和非均相共沸精馏。综述了近年国内外共沸精馏技术的应用研究和进展。特别指出在含有少量难分离共沸/近沸杂质的分离方法,具有可行性强,可靠性高等优势,是共沸精馏技术发展的一个重要方向。     

非均相共沸精馏分离乙二醇及1，2一丙二醇的研究

由于乙二醇及1,2一丙二醇的沸点相近,采用常规精馏方法难以分离。本文通过非均相共沸精馏的方法采用乙苯、混合二甲苯、异丙苯三种共沸剂进行实验,结合共沸剂的选择性和共沸物的共沸点来确定共沸剂。通过实验结果分析发现混合二甲苯能明显提高乙二醇及1,2一丙二醇的挥发度,是分离乙二醇及l,2一丙二醇良好的共沸剂。     

塔釜回流共沸精馏技术的研究

通过-个具有塔釜回流的精馏塔实验装置,以正己烷为共沸剂,从操作时间、回流比的控制、共沸剂的用量及实际应用等方面对塔釜回流共沸精馏技术分离乙醇-水共沸混合物进行了实验研究.研究结果表明:塔釜回流共沸精馏技术与常规共沸精馏技术相比,在其他操作参效相同,回流比大于3时,塔釜回流得到的产品纯度和收率有明显提高;达到同样的产品纯度和收率,塔釜回流所用的共沸剂量减少;但塔釜回流的操作时间延长.塔釜回流改善了常规的操作方式在生产应用上的不足.是一种很有应用前景的分离新技术.     

萃取精馏分离呋喃酚中邻苯二酚

In this study,extractive distillation has been applied to separate catechol(CAT) from carbofuran phenol(CFP) with high purity and yield.The relative volatility of CFP to CAT was measured,and the choice of separating agents was investigated.The experimental results indicated that CFP/CAT is an azeotropic system with an azeotropic point at 93.40℃/0.400 kPa and an azeotropic mixture containing 49.96% of CFP and 50.04% of CAT.Data from the determination of the relative volatility have shown that separating agents such as diglycol and 4-butylcatechol(4-TBC) are able to increase the relative volatility up to 1.90.In one shot process batch extractive distillation of CFP mixture with 3%(by mass) diglycol as separating agent,the purity and yield of the obtained CFP was 99.0% and 95.0%,respectively,while the distillation without separating agent provided a purity and yield of only 98.0% and 90.0%,respectively.There was no residual separating agent found in the product.     

间歇萃取精馏分离乙腈-水体系

选择乙二醇为分离乙腈-水体系的萃取剂,在压力0.101 MPa条件下,测定了乙腈-乙二醇物系的汽液平衡数据。采用Wilson模型对试验数据进行关联,得到Wilson模型参数,α1,3=5 683.6,α3,1=576.4(下标1代表乙腈,3代表乙二醇),关联的计算结果和试验结果的最大偏差为0.015 7。测定了乙二醇存在下乙腈-水物系的汽液平衡数据,试验结果表明乙二醇做萃取剂能够消除乙腈-水物系的共沸点。进行了乙腈-水物系的间歇萃取精馏试验,回流比为2.0,萃取剂流量与回流量之比(溶剂比)为4.1,塔顶产品中乙腈的摩尔分数x达到0.988,乙腈的回收率为75%。应用Chemcad软件考察溶剂比和回流比对产品纯度及塔顶产品量的影响,确定适宜溶剂比为3.0,其回流比值在0.5~2.0之间。     

间歇共沸精馏分离乙醇一水体系的改进研究

间歇共沸精馏是分离共沸物的一种方法,适用于化工、制药、溶剂回收、天然产物提取等产量小、品种多的行业,因此间歇共沸精馏近年来已成为非常活跃的研究和开发热点.对已有的常规间歇共沸精馏的操作方式作了改进,即共沸剂改为在塔釜回流,以正己烷为共沸剂,对分离乙醇-水共沸体系进行了改进研究,并与常规间歇共沸精馏的实验结果进行比较.结...     

共沸法回收吡啶的研究和设计

介绍了利用共沸精馏的方法,对比选择不同共沸剂进行高纯度吡啶回收的理论和实验研究,设计出合适的工艺流程和工艺条件,得到了满意的结果。并在实验数据的指导下设计建立了一套工业装置,得到了纯度大于99.5%的吡啶产品。实践证明,用共沸精馏的原理所设计的分离工艺对于处理一系列含水共沸物系是行之有效的。     

从异丙醇装置副产中分离精制异丙醚的工艺研究

采用萃取精馏和共沸精馏的试验方法,进行了从异丙醇装置副产中分离精制异丙醚工艺的研究,结果可以得到纯度大于99%的异丙醚和纯度大于99.5%的异丙醇,并且产率较高。     

Separation of ethylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol and 1,2-propanediol with azeotropic distillation

1,2-butanediol (1,2-BDO) and 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) are inevitably side produced in the ethylene glycol (EG) production processes from non-petroleum routes, but are very difficult to separate by the ordinary distillation method because of the closeness of their boiling temperatures to EG, thus compromise the economy of these processes. The azeotropic distillation process using 1-octanol (CPO) as an entrainer to separate EG and 1,2-BDO mixture with or without 1,2-PDO was studied in this paper. Four binary vapour–liquid equilibrium data of EG-1,2-BDO, EG-CPO, 1,2-BDO-CPO, and 1,2-PDO-CPO were measured using an Ellis equilibrium kettle and regressed with the thermodynamic model of non-random two liquid to obtain the corresponding binary interaction parameters. On this basis, azeotropic distillations with CPO as an entrainer were designed to separate EG and 1,2-BDO with or without 1,2-PDO. The complete separation processes, including the azeotropic distillation and CPO recovery process consisting of extraction with H₂O and subsequent distillation, were simulated and optimized with Aspen Plus for both the EG-1,2-BDO binary mixture and the EG-1,2-BDO-1,2-PDO ternary mixture. The simulation results show that the azeotropic distillation method with CPO as an entrainer can effectively separate the mixture of EG-1,2-BDO and EG-1,2-BDO-1,2-PDO, achieving EG of 99.90% purity with 99.98% recovery and 1,2-BDO of 99.30% purity with 99.45% recovery for the binary mixture, and achieving EG of 99.90% purity with 99.80% recovery, 1,2-BDO of 99.35% purity with 99.35% recovery, and 1,2-PDO of 90.59% purity with 94.38% recovery for the ternary mixture. These processes are promising for industrial application and can significantly improve the economy of non-petroleum EG production.     

Synthesis,experiments and simulation of heterogeneous batch distillation processes

The presence of azeotropes in multicomponent mixtures complicates the design of batch distillation separation processes widely used in pharmaceutical and speciality chemical industries. Most of those processes include the use of a homogeneous entrainer to ease the separation. We describe novel methods to break azeotropes using an entrainer that is partially miscible with one of the initial binary mixture components. We depict some of the advantages of heterogeneous batch distillation processes: more design alternatives for the separation of an azeotropic binary mixture than with homogeneous batch distillation, batch distillation boundary crossing thanks to a controlled reflux of the entrainer-rich phase, simplified distillation sequences as a consequence of less distillation tasks. Three examples based on the separation of non-ideal azeotropic or close boiling point binary mixtures through heterogeneous batch distillation are simulated using a commercial batch distillation package. Experiments validate the simulated separation of a minimum boiling azeotropic mixture.     

常规间歇萃取精馏分离苯-环己烷的研究

通过一个常规间歇萃取精馏实验装置,考察了不同萃取剂在不同回流比及萃取溶剂加入速率情况下对分离苯-环己烷共沸体系的影响。结果表明,二元混合溶剂能够解决单一溶剂的选择性与溶解性相矛盾的问题;且在同等条件下,综合性能优于单一溶剂;随着溶剂加入速率和操作回流比的增加,产品的产量逐渐提高,尤其重要的是混合溶剂间歇萃取精馏技术与简单溶剂间歇萃取精馏技术相比并不复杂。