高耐候性单组分硅酮密封胶的研究

为了制备出一种耐候性单组分硅酮密封胶,试验选用107硅橡胶为基胶、复合无机填料填充补强,以仲胺基类硅烷为偶联剂,并添加适量交联剂、催化剂等功能助剂。试验通过逐一分析偶联剂加入方式、催化剂用量以及交联剂品种、无机填料复配等原料用量与配比变化等方法,验证其对硅酮密封胶综合性能的影响。研究结果发现,仲胺基类硅烷偶联剂需在基料降温后加入、搭配1.2质量份的催化剂硫化的密封胶的粘接性能和耐老化性能很好,单组分硅酮密封胶通过添加复配交联剂、混合无机填料等原料改进,所制的密封胶具有优异的力学性能和高耐候性。     

硅烷偶联剂改性建筑硅酮密封胶的研究

制备了一系列建筑用硅酮密封胶,研究了硅烷偶联剂的种类(如KH-550、KH-560、A-151和A-171等)、掺量和复配比对密封胶的表干时间、固化时间、硬度、粘接强度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率等影响。研究结果表明:KH-550可大幅增强密封胶的粘接强度和拉伸强度,A-171对断裂伸长率的提升效果相对最佳,KH-550与A-171复配可有效改善密封胶的拉伸性能;当m(KH-550)∶m(A-171)=20∶80~40∶60、w(复合硅烷偶联剂)=0.85%(相对于107胶质量而言)时,密封胶的综合性能相对最好。     

硅烷偶联剂对中性透明有机硅密封胶粘接性能的影响

以α,ω-二羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷为基础聚合物、气相白炭黑为补强填料、酮肟基硅烷为交联剂,配合催化剂和偶联剂制备单组分酮肟型透明有机硅密封胶。考查了硅烷偶联剂种类、用量及协同效应对密封胶性能的影响。结果表明,随硅烷偶联剂分子结构中活性官能团数量的增加,密封胶与基材的粘接性明显改善,不同种类硅烷偶联剂的复配可以达到更理想的粘接效果。     

增塑剂对建筑用硅酮密封胶性能的影响

以甲基硅油、含氢硅油、乙烯基硅油和白油为增塑剂,制备出系列建筑用硅酮密封胶,研究了增塑剂的用量、种类和复配对产品性能的影响。研究结果表明:增塑剂的较佳用量为40～60份;含氢硅油可显著增强密封胶的断裂伸长率,甲基硅油、乙烯基硅油提高拉伸强度效果较佳,而白油的综合性能较差;甲基硅油与含氢硅油复配可改善拉伸粘接强度,m(甲基硅油)∶m(含氢硅油)=3∶1复配使用时,硅酮密封胶综合性能较佳。     

透明硅酮密封胶的性能研究

以α,ω-二羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷(107胶)为基胶,亲水型气相法白炭黑为补强填料,制备了透明硅酮密封胶。研究了不同黏度107硅橡胶和气相白炭黑的类型及添加量以及硅烷偶联剂对透明硅酮密封胶性能的影响。结果发现,不同黏度107硅橡胶对透明硅酮密封胶的挤出性、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率有较大的影响。气相白炭黑的类型对透明硅酮密封胶的外观、下垂度和拉伸强度影响很大。硅烷偶联剂的类型对透明硅酮密封胶的表干时间、力学性能有较大的影响。     

潮湿环境下建筑密封胶长周期粘接性能测试研究

密封胶的粘接性能直接关系到建筑的防水、防风以及保温效果。为保证不同工况下选出更为合适的建筑用密封胶类型，测试建筑施工密封胶长周期粘接性能是十分必要的。试验选择聚硫密封胶、硅酮密封胶以及聚氨酯密封胶3种作为测试对象，粘接光滑和粗糙2种不同的基体制作试件，将试件放在低湿和高湿2种环境下，通过微控电子拉力机测试密封胶的粘接参数，并计算粘接强度和破坏面积比。结果表明，在低湿环境下，对于粗糙基体，硅酮密封胶的粘接性最佳；对于光滑基体，聚氨酯密封胶的粘接性最佳。在高湿环境下，对于粗糙基体，聚硫密封胶的粘接性最佳；对于光滑基体，硅酮密封胶的粘接性最佳。     

掺白矿油硅酮密封胶的危害及其检测技术研究进展

硅酮密封胶具有优异的粘接性能及耐老化性,因而在建筑幕墙系统中得到广泛应用。近年来随着原料成本的增加,市场上出现了掺白矿油的硅酮密封胶。从硅酮密封胶及白矿油化学成分角度,概述了掺白矿油硅酮密封胶产品对玻璃幕墙系统性能的负面影响,并着重介绍了国内关于含白矿油等烷烃增塑剂硅酮密封胶检测技术的研究进展。最后指出硅酮密封胶中白矿油掺量的快速、绿色检测技术研究任重而道远。     

一种充气中空玻璃用硅酮密封胶的制备及性能评价

研究了107硅橡胶、碳酸钙的种类和用量对充气中空玻璃用硅酮密封胶性能的影响,并从水汽渗透性能、气体泄漏率、粘接性能、力学性能等方面综合分析充气中空玻璃用硅酮密封胶的评价方法和性能,为充气中空玻璃用硅酮密封胶的选择提供技术支持。     

硅烷偶联剂对光伏密封胶耐候粘接性的影响

通过在光伏密封胶中加入适量的硅烷偶联剂,研究了不同类型的偶联剂的加入对多种基材在常温、紫外辐照、高温高湿、湿-热环境下的粘接性的影响,同时考查了其对光伏密封胶性能的影响。结果表明,偶联剂加入表干时间增长、拉伸强度增大,伸长率降低并改善常温粘接性。偶联剂聚合物能显著的改善脱醇型光伏硅酮密封剂的耐紫外辐射、高温高湿、湿-热环境下的粘接。     

纳米碳酸钙对建筑用硅酮密封胶粘接性能的影响研究

采用碳化法制备了纳米碳酸钙粒子,并用其制备了一款填充纳米碳酸钙粒子的硅酮胶粘剂。对混凝土基材进行处理及密封胶性能受养护时间的影响状况进行分析,并测定了硅酮密封胶的硬度、拉伸粘接强度与断裂伸长率,最后对硅酮胶的耐久性和抗老化性进行了测试。研究结果表明:纳米碳酸钙粒子可以提高硅酮密封胶的粘接强度、断裂伸长率和硬度,完全固化需要20 d,并且纳米碳酸钙可以减缓硅酮密封胶的老化过程。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997     

气化给煤系统故障分析

气化给煤装置自投运以来,出现了气化煤仓堵煤、称重给煤机输送皮带因跑偏而损伤以及清扫装置故障频繁等问题,多次造成气化系统减负荷运行。通过对出现的各种问题进行分析,找到了产生这些问题的原因,并有针对性地采用配煤和改进清扫链等措施,使出现的问题得到了极大的改善。     

农药分子半抗原合成的研究进展

农药分子半抗原的合成直接影响后期制备抗体的质量,对于建立农药分子特异、灵敏的免疫分析方法具有关键性作用。综述了国内外农药人工抗原合成过程中的农药分子半抗原的设计原则、合成方法及影响因素等方面的研究进展。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

磁敏橡胶材料弹性模量的测试与研究

研究了磁敏橡胶超声测试的基本方法和参数,测量了各向同性和颗粒成链磁敏橡胶材料的纵向模量。对含铁颗粒填料体积分数不同的磁敏橡胶样本进行了三点弯曲试验,计算出磁敏橡胶样本的弹性模量,并与相关理论预测模型进行了对比,结果表明,对于各向同性磁敏橡胶,随着含铁颗粒填料体积分数的增加,其弹性模量和剪切模量增大。颗粒成链磁敏橡胶的弹性模量很大程度上依赖于测量的方向,含铁颗粒填料体积分数超过15 ％时,在平行和垂直于颗粒链方向所测得的弹性模量有显著的不同。这是因为含铁颗粒填料体积分数超过15 ％时,磁敏橡胶的颗粒成链结构不具有立体对称性。     

邢钢套筒窑换热器内漏生产实践

介绍了套筒窑换热器的工作原理、作用及邢钢套筒窑换热器内漏的判断依据,对套筒窑换热器内漏的原因进行了简要的分析,对内漏前后的主要参数进行了对比,同时结合实际生产情况,制定了行之有效的控制措施,收到了良好的效果。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。