煤泥循环流化床锅炉SO2超低排放的制约因素分析

在广泛调研全煤泥、掺烧煤泥循环流化床锅炉的脱硫效果基础上,分析了煤泥循环流化床超低排放的主要制约因素,提出了强化炉膛出口脱硫反应、提高脱硫剂的循环利用效率是实现SO2超低排放的关键。     

国内煤泥燃烧循环流化床锅炉研究现状

文中重点阐述了国内煤泥循环流化床锅炉的研究进展及现状,并结合煤泥在循环流化床锅炉中的燃烧特性,分析了煤泥的主要给料燃烧方式以及纯烧煤泥的循环流化床锅炉的技术特点,对我国纯烧煤泥的循环流化床锅炉的大型化具有一定的指导意义。     

洗煤泥煤矸石流化床混烧技术工业应用研究

在分析了洗煤泥、煤矸石流化床混烧过程的基础上,介绍了浙江大学研究开发的洗煤泥、煤矸石流化床混烧技术的主要特点和试验研究结果。该技术的特点可概括为：洗煤泥结团燃烧,异重流化床,洗煤泥大粒度给料,分级配风燃烧减低氮氧化物排放,高效脱硫。并结合工程实际介绍了洗煤泥、煤矸石流化床混烧技术的应用。     

煤泥循环流化床锅炉设计中的问题及对策

分析煤泥的特点,结合循环流化床技术的特性,指出纯烧煤泥存在的问题和循环流化床锅炉的解决对策。实践证明用循环流化床锅炉燃烧煤泥是合理可行的。     

煤泥和煤矸石混烧技术在循环流化床锅炉上的应用

总结了在 130t/h循环流化床锅炉上进行煤泥、煤矸石混合燃烧的试验成果 ,探讨了循环流化床锅炉燃烧煤泥、煤矸石的机理 ,确定了循环流化床锅炉掺烧煤泥的最佳方式及应采取的有效措施 ,指出了煤泥、煤矸石混烧过程中存在的问题     

平煤集团洗煤泥流化床结团燃烧试验研究

对平顶山洗煤泥的燃料特性以及结渣特性进行了研究,并在小型电加热流化床试验台上进行了结团燃烧试验,探讨了煤泥的结团强度随粒径、床温、停留时间等参数的变化关系。试验结果表明,粒块状煤泥具有良好的结团特性,在整个燃烧过程中都有较高的结团强度,采用异重结团流化床燃烧煤泥切实可行,从而为组织大型燃烧试验和锅炉设计提供了可靠有效的理论依据。     

煤泥在新型流化床锅炉中的资源化利用

以蒸汽产量20t/h煤泥新型流化床锅炉为例,对煤泥在新型流化床锅炉中的资源化利用研究,提出采用新型流化床锅炉燃烧处理煤泥的方法。该方法运行成本低,在对煤泥进行资源化利用的同时,解决环境污染问题。基于20t/h煤泥新型流化床锅炉的烟气污染物排放测试结果,分析了运行中产生结焦的原因并给出相关的预防措施。     

济三煤矿洗选煤泥流化床结团燃烧的试验研究

利用小型电加热流化床试验台对济三煤矿洗选煤泥的结团燃烧进行了试验,探讨了洗选煤泥的结团强度随粒径、床温、停留时间等参数的变化关系,为循环流化床锅炉煤泥系统扩容设计提供了可靠有效的依据。     

燃用煤泥的20 t/h循环流化床锅炉系统设计与运行

为解决煤泥大多被废弃和焚烧带来的资源浪费和环境污染等问题,提出并设计一种以煤泥为燃料的循环流化床锅炉,主要介绍了煤泥作为燃料的预处理及给料输送方式,并对这种煤泥循环流化床锅炉的炉型设计、燃料设计、受热面设计进行阐述。以1台20 t/h新建煤泥循环流化床锅炉运行为例,介绍了锅炉点火过程及运行情况,从运行情况可知,下料层温度及风箱压力是需要观察控制的主要参数,运行时宜控制下料层温度在950℃以下,风箱压力控制在8 500 Pa左右。同时,该型流化床锅炉可以很好的适应纯煤泥燃料燃烧,锅炉运行稳定,当锅炉负荷大于70%时,锅炉燃烧效率可达85%,且烟气污染物排放满足国家环保排放要求,实现了煤泥的资源化利用。     

220t/h循环流化床锅炉煤泥掺烧技术探讨

探讨了煤泥、煤矸石在循环流化床内的燃烧机理,针对煤泥、煤矸石混烧的循环流化床锅炉特点探讨了其在正常运行中的调整方法,为此类型锅炉的安全经济运行提供了借鉴。     

Sewage sludge combustion

In the current review paper, various issues related to the combustion of sewage sludge are discussed. After briefly explaining the formation and treatment of sewage sludge, current and future sludge production are discussed. Thereafter, the four sludge disposal methods which are currently used, i.e. recycling in agriculture, landfilling, dumping into sea and incineration, are examined, and the future trend presented showing the increasing role of sludge incineration. Thereafter, technologies for thermal processing of sewage sludge are presented. They are discussed in three groups, i.e. mono-combustion, co-combustion and alternative processes. Various mono-combustion incinerators, including multiple hearth, fluidized bed and smelting furnaces are briefly discussed, whereas for co-combustion, attention has been given to co-combustion with coals in pulverized and fluidized bed coal combustors, as well as co-incineration with municipal solid wastes in various furnaces. Where possible, data from large scale plants are presented. Currently being discussed in the sludge disposal cycles are the alternative thermal processes to sludge combustion. These include wet oxidation, pyrolysis, oil from sludge processes, and combinations of pyrolysis, combustion and gasification processes. Some of these alternative technologies are also briefly discussed. An important aspect during thermal processing of sewage sludge is its combustion mechanisms. Compared to coals, sewage sludge has very high contents of moisture and volatile matter which can affect the combustion process. The importance of the drying and devolatilization processes for sewage sludge combustion is thus examined. In a special case, the release and combustion of the volatiles during sludge combustion in fluidized bed combustors is analysed, and some information concerning the combustion of sludge char is presented. Another important issue of sludge combustion is the emissions of pollutants gases as well as the handling of solid by-products. Of concern include the heavy metals, mercury, dioxins and furans, acid gases, as well as NO_x and N₂O. These are also briefly discussed. A peculiar characteristic of sewage sludge is its high content of nitrogen, and attention has been given to see how this affects the N₂O and NO_x emissions. In a special case, emission performance of large scale combustors of sewage sludge is presented.     

煤与污泥的循环流化床富氧燃烧

结合污泥的特性与富氧燃烧技术的优点,在一个内径为100mm的循环流化床焚烧炉内进行煤与污泥的富氧燃烧试验.试验分析了不同煤泥质量比,在氧体积分数为21%～35%环境下的燃烧特性以及送风含氧量、床层温度对烟气成分的影响.结果表明:不同质量比的燃料在不同氧气氛围的燃烧特性不同;当给料量恒定时,随着送风含氧量的增大,总风量减少,炉膛的温度逐渐升高,烟气中SO2与NOx浓度都呈增大的趋势,这有利于SO2与NOx的脱除;NOx体积分数随床层温度的升高逐渐增加.     

煤洁净燃烧添加剂技术的研究

从研究煤中硫的析出规律入手,分析了钙基吸收剂在高温下固硫率低的原因,及有机硫和无机硫的不同析出规律,选择具有促进或催化作用的工业废料,与钙基固硫剂按比例掺混,形成一毓既可直接在燃烧过程中脱硫,又有一定催化燃烧作用所洁净燃料添加剂。     

污泥流化床焚烧技术研究和环境影响分析

在分析污泥的各种处理方法如农用填埋,抛海以及回转窑焚烧等基础上,提出了采用污沁缗 比重流化床焚烧新技术。     

Thermogravimetric analysis of coal and sludge co-combustion with microwave radiation dehydration

The combustion characteristics of the mixture of two kinds of drying sludge with the coal with different blending ratios were investigated. Their combustion characteristics such as ignition temperature, burnout temperature, combustion performance exponent were obtained. The optimum burning-out dilution and mixing proportion was found to be around 40% under the present test conditions by the analysis of the burn-out temperature and characteristic index. The results showed that combustion characteristics of microwave and hot-air drying sludge and their co-combustion characteristics with coal were similar. Volatile precipitation and combustion processes played a major role in the sludge combustion process during which the reaction mechanism equation of the two kinds of drying sludge were the same.     

市政下水污泥焚烧处置装置

污水处理厂下水污泥一般含水率为80％,其余的20％中含有各种有害物质,焚烧是最彻底的无害化处理方法。鼓泡流化床焚烧炉成为主要的污泥焚烧装置。不添加煤等辅助燃料才能保证焚烧处理的环保性使烟气中的污染物不被稀释。烘干后含水率达到～62％,应用基低位热值达到650kcal／kg以上的污泥才能达到焚烧条件。焚烧系统由污泥进料系统、鼓泡流化床焚烧炉、送风系统、排渣及砂循环系统四个单元构成。污泥进料系统中料斗的形状应能防止斗内污泥搭桥、堵塞。鼓泡流化床焚烧炉应保证q3、q4损失接近于0。送风系统中一、二次风机抽气口设置在污泥池内来避免臭气外泄。并设置高温空气预热器使热风温度最高达到500℃。排渣及砂循环系统应保证炉膛密封。     

城市污泥和煤混燃特性的热重分析法研究

利用热重分析法对某城市污泥和某煤种及其两者混合物的着火温度、活化能及综合燃烧特性等参数进行了研究。试验结果表明,混合试样和煤相比其活化性能得到了提高,着火温度提前,综合燃烧性能下降。在混燃过程中,煤和城市污泥基本上保持了各自的挥发分析出特性,煤的燃烧表现得更为明显。     

石化污泥与煤混烧时多环芳烃的排放特性

在管式固定床上进行了石化污泥与煤的混烧试验,着重研究了质量掺混比、燃烧温度和燃烧停留时间等因素对底渣中多环芳烃排放的影响.结果表明:随着污泥质量掺混比的增大,底渣中多环芳烃排放量呈明显上升态势;随着燃烧温度的升高,多环芳烃排放量先上升后下降;随着燃烧停留时间的增加,多环芳烃排放量呈明显的下降趋势,且存在一个临界停留时间.在各种工况条件下,低环多环芳烃排放量均高于高环多环芳烃排放量.     

树皮在复合燃烧锅炉流化床内的燃烧份额

分析树皮流化床－粉复合燃烧锅炉中流化床的热平衡,得到了树皮在流化床中燃烧份额的计算公式。以某７５ｔ／ｈ树皮流化床－煤粉复合燃烧锅炉为例,分析了流化床温度,汉化床出口名义过量空气系数,热空气温度,擀 管吸热份额及流化床未燃对皮所含水分蒸发耗热对燃烧份额的影响。