Research on microstructural evolution and dynamic recrystallization behavior of JB800 bainitic steel by FEM

Single pass compression tests were conducted on Gleeble1500 thermal simulator. The effect of different deformation parameters on the grain size of dynamically recrystallized austenite was analyzed. A mathematical model of dynamic recrystallization and a material database of JB800 steel, whose tensile strength is above 800 Mpa, were set up. A subprogram was compiled using Fortran language and called by Marc finite element software. A thermal coupled elastoplastic finite element model was established to simulate the compression process. The grain size of recrystallized austenite obtained by different recrystailization models was simulated. The results show that the optimized dynamic recrystallization model of JBS00 bainitic steel has a higher precision and yields good agreement with metallographic observations.     

Hot deformation behavior and flow stress model of F40MnV steel

Single hit compression tests were performed at 1 223-1 473 K and strain rate of 0.1-10 s-1 to study hot deformation behavior and flow stress model of F40MnV steel. The dependence of the peak stress, initial stress, saturation stress, steady state stress and peak stain on Zener-Hollomon parameter were obtained. The mathematical models of dynamic recrystallization fraction and grain size were also obtained. Based on the tested data, the flow stress model of F40MnV steel was established in dynamic recovery region and dynamic recrystallization region, respectively. The results show that the activation energy for dynamic recrystallization is 278.6 kJ/mol by regression analysis. The flow stress model of F40MnV steel is proved to approximate the tested data and suitable for numerical simulation of hot forging.     

Dynamic Recrystallization Prediction During Double Cup Extrusion by Cellular Automata Coupled with Finite Analysis Method

In order to investigate the microstructure evolution during a hot extrusion process, a cellular automata （CA） coupled with finite element method （FEM） was developed to numerically simulate the dynamic recrystallization （DRX）. Firstly, the cellular automata model was modified by introducing thermomeehanical parameters under the isothermal hot compression conditions. Then, the modified CA was verified by the experimental average grain size which was obtained by the hot compression of cylindrical specimens. After that, the modified CA was used to predict the microstructure evolution during a double cup extrusion by combining with the finite element method. The results showed that the strain rate and the temperature are sensitive to the average grain size while the strain can affect the DRX fraction greatly. In addition, the CA model can predict the final microstrueture successfully and is able to simulate the DRX phenomenon for a wide range of deformation conditions. It also revealed that the results obtained by CA model are consistent with the ones acquired by finite element analysis.     

82B高碳钢热变形行为研究

采用单道次热压缩实验方法,在Thermomaster-Z型热模拟试验机上模拟高碳钢高速线材热轧变形过程动态再结晶行为,测定82B高碳钢在变形温度为800～1 100℃、变形速率为0.1～50 s-1、变形程度为0～0.60条件下的真应力-应变曲线,利用曲线特征值确定高应变速率下的变形激活能,根据实验结果分析动态再结晶变形条件,建立动态再结晶状态图。     

316LN热变形行为及动态再结晶晶粒的演变规律

采用热压缩试验研究了316LN不锈钢在温度1250℃-900℃,应变速率0．005s^-1～0．5s^-1,变形程度50％条件下的变形行为和组织演变;分析了变形参数对应力-应变曲线的影响规律,计算获得了该钢热变形应力指数和激活能;并通过动态再结晶晶粒演变规律的研究,建立了该钢热变形动态再结晶图,以及动态再结晶晶粒演变规律模型。研究结果可为316LN不锈钢锻造过程晶粒细匀化的控制提供科学的依据。     

Constitutive Modeling and Dynamic Recrystallization Mechanisms of an Ultralow-carbon Microalloyed Steel During Hot Compression Tests

The hot deformation behavior of an ultralow-carbon microalloyed steel was investigated using an MMS-200 thermal simulation test machine in a temperature range of 1 073-1 373 K and strain rate range of 0.01-10 s~(-1).The results show that the flow stress decreases with increasing deformation temperature or decreasing strain rate.The strain-compensated constitutive model based on the Arrhenius equation for this steel was established using the true stress-strain data obtained from a hot compression test.Furthermore,a new constitutive model based on the Z-parameter was proposed for this steel.The predictive ability of two constitutive models was compared with statistical measures.The results indicate the new constitutive model based on the Z-parameter can more accurately predict the flow stress of an ultralow-carbon microalloyed steel during hot deformation.The dynamic recrystallization (DRX) nucleation mechanism at different deformation temperatures was observed and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and strain-induced grain boundary migration was observed at 1 373 K/0.01 s~(-1).     

Modeling of microstructural evolution during dynamic recrystallization in coarse Nb microalloyed austenite

The aim of the current study was to investigate the microstructural evolution during dynamic recrystallization in coarse Nb microalloyed austenite in thin slab direct rolling （TSDR） processing. A model was developed to predict the change of the austenite grain size during the dynamic recrystallization, by using the law of mixtures. The equations initially developed for partial static recrystallization were used for partial dynamic recrystallization, by adjusting the value of the constant. The results show that the change of the austenite grain size can be reasonably described by using the equations developed according to the law of mixtures.     

中温压力容器钢12CrMo的高温塑性研究

通过热模拟试验对中温压力容器钢12CrMo连铸坯的高温塑性进行研究。在不同的变形温度下采用10-3s-1的应变速率对试样进行拉伸变形,测量拉伸断口的面缩率,并对拉伸断口的显微组织和析出物进行分析。结果表明,当变形温度高于900℃时,试样在拉伸过程中发生动态再结晶,其面缩率大于85%,表现出优良的高温塑性;当变形温度为850℃时,有大量细小的AlN在12CrMo钢中弥散析出,其尺寸约为10 nm;当变形温度降至800℃时,大量的先共析铁素体沿奥氏体晶界析出,形成网状结构,试样面缩率降至36%,12CrMo钢的高温塑性显著下降。     

Recrystallization of High Carbon Steel during High Strain Rate

The recrystallization of high carbon steel during high temperature and high speed rolling has been studied by analyzing the Stress-strain curves and the austenite grain size. Isothermal multi-pass hot compression at high strain rate was carried out by Gleeble-2000. The austenite grain size was measured by IBAS image analysis system. The results show that static recrystallization occurred at interpass time Under pre-finish rolling, and at the finish rolling stage, due to the brief interpass time, static recrystallization can not be found.     

Q345B微合金钢的高温变形行为

利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对V,Ti,Nb微合金化Q345B低合金高强度结构钢(HSLA)进行了高温单道次压缩实验.测量了不同变形温度和变形速率下该钢的变形行为,分析了各变形参数对该钢动态再结晶和变形抗力的影响,得出动态再结晶激活能为451.47 kJ.mol-1,并且得出峰值应力和峰值应变都与lnZ之间的关系近似于直线.     

工形钢柱负载下焊接加固的受力特性

目的提出能够考虑负载下焊接过程影响的有限元分析方法．方法通过运用通用有限元软件ANSYS建立有限元模型,对3个不同初负载下焊接加固的工字形钢柱和1个作对比用的未加固钢柱的受力特性进行分析．采用间接热结构耦合的有限元分析方法,考虑焊接热过程和随温度变化的钢材材性．结果计算结果表明,在名义初应力比不超过0．41时,负载下的焊接加固后的钢柱的极限承载能力受初始负载的影响非常小．结论笔者采用的有限元分析方法和有限元模型分析负载下焊接加固工彤钢柱的萤力特性具有较高的可行性．     

负载下焊接加固受弯工形钢梁的受力特性分析

采用通用有限元软件ANSYS建立有限元模型,对3个不同初始负载下焊接加固的受弯工形钢梁和1个做对比用的未加固工形钢梁的受力特性进行有限元分析,并详细介绍了2种用于模拟负载下焊接加固钢梁受力特性的有限元分析方法。基于目前最常用的、仅采用生死单元技术而未考虑焊接热过程的有限元分析方法,采用间接热一结构耦合分析方法,考虑焊接热过程和随温度变化的钢材材性,提出了能够考虑负载下焊接过程影响的有限元分析方法。通过将有限元计算结果与相应的试验结果进行对比,验证了采用的有限元分析方法和有限元模型的可行性。计算结果表明：负载下焊接加固后的钢梁的极限承栽能力受初始负载的影响较大。     

铌对弹簧钢60Si2MnA动态再结晶的影响

在Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机上研究含铌弹簧钢的动态再结晶行为,用透射电镜对铌的析出物进行观察,并分析铌对弹簧钢动态再结晶的影响。结果表明,含铌弹簧钢易发生动态再结晶,在温度为850-1050℃、变形速率为0.1-20 s^-1条件下均发生动态再结晶;在变形速率为5 s^-1的条件下,60Si2MnA动态再结晶的发生推迟50℃左右;在低温情况下,铌推迟60Si2MnA动态再结晶的主要原因是Nb（C,N）的析出及其钉扎作用。     

Q235钢CSP轧制时动态再结晶行为研究

利用Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机研究Q235钢连铸坯CSP轧制时在高温变形过程中的动态再结晶行为。结果表明,在高变形温度和低应变速率条件下Q235钢易发生动态再结晶;在回归相应的数学模型后,建立了Q235钢的热变形方程式。对Q235钢连铸坯热变形后的组织进行分析,发现奥氏体发生动态回复后转变的铁素体组织中也有动态再结晶晶粒。     

Research on constitutive equation of DIWA353 steel used in hemisphere head of power station nearby recrystallization temperature

To simulate the DIWA353 steel used in boiler nearby recrystallization temperature accurately by using finite element,the high temperature constitutive model of this material must be researched firstly....     

碳纤维增强聚合物基复合材料修补空心柱体结构的屈曲分析

采用有限元数值方法和解析方法研究了碳纤维增强聚合物基复合材料(CFRP)加固含损伤空心柱体钢结构在压缩载荷作用下的屈曲问题。通过有限元数值仿真对受轴向压缩载荷的含损伤钢结构进行了纤维增强复合材料的模拟修复,采用八节点复合材料板壳单元模拟复合材料补片结构,考虑理想黏结,通过约束方程建立了CFRP加固含损伤空心柱体钢结构屈曲分析的有限元模型,计算了钢结构的屈曲临界载荷,并与基于能量原理推导的CFRP加固受轴向压缩载荷空心柱体屈曲载荷的理论公式做了比较。参数讨论表明,粘贴CFRP对提高受压结构载荷效果显著;通过改善CFRP层参数可提高结构的临界载荷,增强修补效果;有限元法结果与解析公式计算结果比较吻合。     

模具钢热疲劳中晶粒变化及软化机制

对模具钢进行Uddeholm热疲劳试验,发现经不同循环次数后,材料均发生了循环软化,随着循环次数增加,软化更趋严重。同时,晶粒大小也发生了变化,循环100次、2O0次未发现晶粒尺寸变化,循环至300次后,晶粒突然长大,经500次循环后,晶粒尺寸又减小,循环10~3次后晶粒明显碎化。根据上述诸现象,文章用动态回复再结晶理论、空洞理论等进行了解释。     

碳纤维增强聚合物基复合材料修补空心柱体结构的屈曲分析

采用有限元数值方法和解析方法研究了碳纤维增强聚合物基复合材料(CFRP)加固含损伤空心柱体钢结构在压缩载荷作用下的屈曲问题。通过有限元数值仿真对受轴向压缩载荷的含损伤钢结构进行了纤维增强复合材料的模拟修复,采用八节点复合材料板壳单元模拟复合材料补片结构,考虑理想黏结,通过约束方程建立了CFRP加固含损伤空心柱体钢结构屈曲分析的有限元模型,计算了钢结构的屈曲临界载荷,并与基于能量原理推导的CFRP加固受轴向压缩载荷空心柱体屈曲载荷的理论公式做了比较。参数讨论表明,粘贴CFRP对提高受压结构载荷效果显著;通过改善CFRP层参数可提高结构的临界载荷,增强修补效果;有限元法结果与解析公式计算结果比较吻合。     

Hot deformation behaviors and flow stress model of GCr15 bearing steel

The hot deformation behaviors of GCr15 bearing steel were investigated by isothermal compression tests, performed on a Gleeble-3800 thermal-mechanical simulator at temperatures between 950℃ and 1150℃ and strain rates between 0.1 and 10 s^-1. The peak stress and peak strain as functions of processing parameters were obtained. The dependence of peak stress on strain rate and temperature obeys a hyperbolic sine equation with a Zener-Hollomon parameter. By regression analysis, in the temperature range of 950-1 150℃ and strain rate range of 0.1-10 s^-1, the mean activation energy and the stress exponent were determined to be 351kJ/mol and 4.728, respectively. Meanwhile, models of flow stress and dynamic recrystallization （DRX） grain size were also established. The model predictions show good agreement with experimental results.     

温度、应变率和晶粒对Mn18Cr18N钢高温塑性的影响

通过拉伸热模拟试验研究了温度、应变率和晶粒尺寸对Mn18Cr18N高氮奥氏体不锈钢高温塑性的影响。结果表明：在800℃~1 200℃温度范围内,Mn18Cr18N高氮奥氏体不锈钢的塑性随温度升高而升高,1 200℃时达到最好,然后开始下降;应变率通过再结晶的作用而影响塑性;当温度低于1100℃时,细晶粒尺寸材料的塑性优于粗晶粒尺寸,而温度高于1 100℃时中等晶粒尺寸材料塑性最好。