查询代价视图选择问题的研究及实现

实视图选择问题是数据仓库研究的重要问题之一。数据仓库存储实视图主要为OLAP查询,用户查询响应时间是首要考虑的问题,提出了查询代价视图选择问题,给出了其代价模型。提出了对查询代价视图选择问题利用遗传算法来解决的方法和策略。经实验证明,该算法达到了良好的效果,效率高。     

一种扩充语义的实视图重写查询技术

分组聚集查询已成为数据仓库领域研究的核心问题之一,实视图是提高分组聚集查询性能的有效手段。利用维属性间的层次关系,对一般意义上的实视图重写查询进行了扩展,讨论了单一视图重写查询的限制条件,并给出重写方法,在此基础上,提出了一种利用多个实视图重写查询的优化选择算法,并通过实验表明,该算法进一步提高了分组聚集查询效率。     

数据仓库中实化视图选择方法的研究

数据仓库中的视图选择在很大程度上影响数据仓库的查询效率和维护代价,是数据仓库中研究的重要内容.通过对现有的选择实化视图的价值模型进行研究,提出了一个新的视图价值估算模型和视图选择算法--PBPUS算法.该视图选择方法通过在视图选择前进行预处理和使用新的价值估算模型,降低了视图搜索的时间复杂度和维护代价,有效地提高了实化视图的查询效率.     

数据仓库中物化视图的选取策略

数据仓库中用存储大量的物化视图来加速OLAP的查询响应，物化视图的选取是数据仓库设计中的一个重要问题。论文提出了一个有效的物化视图选取算法，采用基于数据立方体层次搜索的方式选取视图。经分析与测试表明，该算法取得良好的效果和效率。     

物化视图选择中权限因子的设计

物化视图是数据仓库中提高查询效率的有效手段,物化视图的选择一直是数据仓库领域的研究热点.通过研究和实验,提出在物化视图选择中加入权限因子,将各候选视图的权限值纳入算法评价函数的计算中,使最终得到的物化视图集既能面向企业基层提供OLAP查询,又能保证企业决策层OLAP查询的速度.     

基于关系数据库的ROLAP中实视图的选择

联机分析处理（OLAP）是伴随着数据仓库出现的一种数据分析处理技术,其特点是使分析人员能够更充分地利用数据仓库中的数据资源,从多种角度、多个层次,快速地构建易为用户理解的并全面反映企业行为特征的数据快照,从而可使用户更加深入地了解企业的发展状况和趋势。ROLAP是OLAP中使用最广泛的一种类型。文中对影响ROLAP查询效率的关键技术进行了讨论,提出了一个改进的实视图动态选择算法。该算法从存储空间、查询频率、更新代价三个方面综合评价每个实视图,有效地保证了ROLAP查询的响应时间。     

基于关系数据库的ROLAP中实视图的选择

联机分析处理(OLAP)是伴随着数据仓库出现的一种数据分析处理技术,其特点是使分析人员能够更充分地利用数据仓库中的数据资源,从多种角度、多个层次,快速地构建易为用户理解的并全面反映企业行为特征的数据快照,从而可使用户更加深入地了解企业的发展状况和趋势。ROLAP是OLAP中使用最广泛的一种类型。文中对影响ROLAP查询效率的关键技术进行了讨论,提出了一个改进的实视图动态选择算法。该算法从存储空间、查询频率、更新代价三个方面综合评价每个实视图,有效地保证了ROLAP查询的响应时间。     

在数据仓库中使用实视图优化查询

数据仓库中存放的是大量的实视图,文章利用实视图技术来优化查询。在分析传统优化查询方法的基础上,对其进行改进和扩展,给出了在数据仓库中使用实视图进行优化查询的方法和策略,以有效提高数据仓库的查询处理速度。     

动态更新实物化视图以提高OLAP查询效率

在数据仓库系统中,OLAP查询一般都涉及多表连接和分组聚集两部分操作,提高这些查询的性能成为提高OLAP响应速度的关键。利用实物化视图,可以准确地计算并保存表连接或聚集等耗时较多的操作的结果。研究基于查询频率的实物化视图的更新算法,可以使实物化视图得到最大效率的使用,明显地缩短查询的响应时间,从而提高OLAP的查询效率。     

数据仓库中物化视图选择策略

为了提高决策支持和OLAP查询的响应效率,数据仓库多采用物化视图的思想.因此,物化视图的选择策略是数据仓库研究的重要问题之一.其目标是选出一组存储、维护代价与查询代价的总和为最小的物化视图.提出一个以MVPP(multi-view processing plan)为视图选择的搜索空间的物化视图选择新算法--VSMF(views selection base on multi-factor)算法.该算法在存储空间约束下同时实现多查询最优化和视图维护最优化.     

Efficient approaches for materialized views selection in a data warehouse

View materialization is an effective method to increase query efficiency in a data warehouse and improve OLAP query performance. However, one encounters the problem of space insufficiency if all possible views are materialized in advance. Reducing query time by means of selecting a proper set of materialized views with a lower cost is crucial for efficient data warehousing. In addition, the costs of data warehouse creation, query, and maintenance have to be taken into account while views are materialized. In this paper, we propose efficient algorithms to select a proper set of materialized views, constrained by storage and cost considerations, to help speed up the entire data warehousing process. We derive a cost model for data warehouse query and maintenance as well as efficient view selection algorithms that effectively exploit the gain and loss metrics. The main contribution of our paper is to speed up the selection process of materialized views. Concurrently, this will greatly reduce the overall cost of data warehouse query and maintenance.     

dmGQL：一种新的数据立方梯度查询语言

现有数据立方梯度查询语言CubegradeQL主要是针对非实例化数据立方的，实际上，为了提高OLAP查询效率，数据仓库中往往保存了大量实例化的数据立方。本文我们改进了CubegradeQL语言，给出了一个新的查询语言dmGQL，dmGQL能够支持实例化／非实例化数据立方中的梯度查询，最后，我们讨论了dmGQL的查询处理。     

常用OLAP查询优化方法性能分析

OLAP（OnlineAnalyticalProcessing）查询常常涉及到不同的维表和事实表,要得到查询结果通常需要进行多张表的连接操作。连接操作是一种非常耗时的操作,因此,如何提高OLAP查询效率成为数据仓库应用中的关键问题。文中对存储过程、索引技术、物化视图等几种常用的OLAP查询优化方法进行性能分析,针对特定应用通过反复实验比较得出物化视图的优越性。而就物化视图而言,其本身有优越性的同时也存在一些缺陷。因此,针对物化视图更新问题提出了几种更新方案。     

基于多维护策略的物化视图选择方法

物化视图是数据仓库环境中提高OLAP查询效率的重要手段，因此，物化视图的选择是数据仓库设计中重要的决策之一。本文提出的物化视图选择方法目标是选择合适的视图进行物化，使得查询处理的总代价和物化视图的维护代价最低，提出了物化视图收益模型，并在此基础上基于视图的多维护策略提出了物化视图选择的方法：基于增量和重计算的物化视图选择算法IRMVS、基于增量策略的物化视图选择算法IMVS和基于重计算策略的物化视图选择算法RMVs和基于增量策略的物化后代视图选择算法IMDVS，理论分析和实验表明这些算法是有效可行的。     

Selection of views to materialize in a data warehouse

A data warehouse stores materialized views of data from one or more sources, with the purpose of efficiently implementing decision-support or OLAP queries. One of the most important decisions in designing a data warehouse is the selection of materialized views to be maintained at the warehouse. The goal is to select an appropriate set of views that minimizes total query response time and the cost of maintaining the selected views, given a limited amount of resource, e.g., materialization time, storage space, etc. In This work, we have developed a theoretical framework for the general problem of selection of views in a data warehouse. We present polynomial-time heuristics for a selection of views to optimize total query response time under a disk-space constraint, for some important special cases of the general data warehouse scenario, viz.: 1) an AND view graph, where each query/view has a unique evaluation, e.g., when a multiple-query optimizer can be used to general a global evaluation plan for the queries, and 2) an OR view graph, in which any view can be computed from any one of its related views, e.g., data cubes. We present proofs showing that the algorithms are guaranteed to provide a solution that is fairly close to (within a constant factor ratio of) the optimal solution. We extend our heuristic to the general AND-OR view graphs. Finally, we address in detail the view-selection problem under the maintenance cost constraint and present provably competitive heuristics.     

Finding an efficient rewriting of OLAP queries using materialized views in data warehouses

OLAP queries involve a lot of aggregations on a large amount of data in data warehouses. To process expensive OLAP queries efficiently, we propose a new method to rewrite a given OLAP query using various kinds of materialized views which already exist in data warehouses. We first define the normal forms of OLAP queries and materialized views based on the selection and aggregation granularities, which are derived from the lattice of dimension hierarchies. Conditions for usability of materialized views in rewriting a given query are specified by relationships between the components of their normal forms. We present a rewriting algorithm for OLAP queries that can effectively utilize materialized views having different selection granularities, selection regions, and aggregation granularities together. We also propose an algorithm to find a set of materialized views that results in a rewritten query which can be executed efficiently. We show the effectiveness and performance of the algorithm experimentally.     

A relational–XML data warehouse for data aggregation with SQL and XQuery

Integrating information from multiple data sources is becoming increasingly important for enterprises that partner with other companies for e‐commerce. However, companies have their internal business applications deployed on diverse platforms and no standard solution for integrating information from these sources exists. To support business intelligence query activities, it is useful to build a data warehouse on top of middleware that aggregates the data obtained from various heterogeneous database systems. Online analytical processing (OLAP) can then be used to provide fast access to materialized views from the data warehouse. Since extensible markup language (XML) documents are a common data representation standard on the Internet and relational tables are commonly used for production data, OLAP must handle both relational and XML data. SQL and XQuery can be used to process the materialized relational and XML data cubes created from the aggregated data. This paper shows how to handle the two kinds of data cubes from a relational–XML data warehouse using extract, transformation and loading. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

数据仓库环境中可扩展的动态物化视图选择方法

数据仓库通常要对大量的数据进行运算,以精简的结果来回答用户的查询,这一特点使得物化视图技术在数据仓库中尤为重要.然而现有支持物化视图自动选择的方法是静态的,它违背了联机分析处理(OLAP)和决策支持系统(DSS)的动态本质.本文提出了可扩展的动态物化视图方法,通过将整个物化视图选择问题(MVS)分解为三个阶段,降低了问题的复杂度,提高了物化视图的有效性.通过动态调整,物化视图能即时适应查询需求.算法复杂度分析证明了方案的可扩展性.动态调整算法模拟实验验证了方案具有很好的自适应性.