多道搭接激光熔覆NiCrBSi合金层组织及性能

为了改善40Cr钢的表面状态,拓展其应用范围,采用CO2激光器及LASERCELL-1005六轴六联动三维激光加工机床在40Cr钢表面多道搭接激光熔覆了NiCrBSi合金粉末,利用扫描电镜、金相显微镜、磨损试验机、盐雾试验机等对熔覆层的组织及性能进行了研究.结果表明:激光熔覆层由熔覆区、结合区和热影响区3部分组成.多道...     

激光重熔对NiCrBSi等离子喷涂层显微结构和性能的影响

1Crl8Ni9Ti不锈钢表面的NiCrBSi等离子喷涂层存在孔洞及与基体结合差等缺陷,为此进行了激光重熔处理.采用扫描电镜和显微硬度压痕仪分别对涂层的显微结构和力学性能进行了对比研究,采用SRV试验机评价了涂层激光重熔前后的滑动摩擦磨损性能,研究了激光重熔对NiCrBSi等离子喷涂层结构和性能的影响.结果表明:经过激...     

喷涂工艺参数对NICrBSi涂层显微组织和性能的影响

采用微束等离子喷涂系统制备了NiCrBSi涂层。研究了电弧功率、喷涂距离和等离子气体流量对涂层显微组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明,NiCrBSi涂层的致密程度与显微硬度随电弧功率和气体流量的增加而增加。当喷涂距离超过40mm时,喷涂距离对涂层显微硬度没有显著影响。采用微束等离子喷涂工艺制备的NiCrBSi涂层显微硬度可达HV0．2700。     

离子氮化处理对涂层组织与耐磨性能的影响

研究了NiCrBSi自熔合金炉熔涂层的离子氮化后处理工艺，考察了离子氮化处理对涂层组织与耐磨性能的影响。结果表明，NiCrBSi合金涂层经离子氮化处理后，在其表面区（宽度约50μm）形成了弥散分布的尺寸小于5μm的颗粒状氮化物相（如CrN,BN等），表面硬度从800HV0.01提高到1300HV0.01左右，耐磨性能因此得以显著提高，从38CrMoAl氮化钢的20％－25％提高到优于氮化钢2－3倍。由于已存在高硬度WC颗粒相的强化作用，含20％WC的NiCrBSi昨合涂层的耐磨性能在离子氮化处理后没有明显改善。     

(WC-Co/NiCrBSi)钎焊涂层结合机制及磨损性能研究

采用真空钎焊工艺,将ＷＣ－Ｃｏ硬质合金粉和ＮｉＣｒＢＳｉ（ＡＷＳＢＮｉ－２）合金粉钎焊到４５＃钢表面,得到（ＷＣ－Ｃｏ／ＮｉＣｒＢＳｉ）钎焊涂层。不同钎焊工艺下,涂层及涂层／基体的拉伸强度分别达１００—１４０ＭＰａ和３００－３６０ＭＰａ。初步分析了钎焊涂层结合机制。涂层的磨料磨损性能远高于同配比的火焰堆焊涂层及Ｃｏ－Ｃｒ－Ｗ堆焊层     

火焰喷涂NiCrBSi涂层的纳米力学性能

为揭示热喷涂涂层在不同尺度下的力学性能,在45钢基体上制备了平均厚度为750μm的火焰喷涂NiCrBSi涂层,利用纳米压痕技术研究了不同压痕深度下涂层表/截面力学性能、弹塑性和压痕变形行为。结果表明:涂层表/截面力学性能均呈现明显的尺寸效应,硬度、弹性模量、弹塑性随压入深度增加不断降低。涂层表面表现出高弹性,其压痕弹性功与总压痕功的比值ηIT在500nm深度内达到52%,而涂层截面为40%;涂层截面具有高硬度和高模量,其纳米硬度和弹性模量在2000nm深度内比涂层表面分别高28%和33%。涂层压痕变形表现为理想塑性、凹陷、凸起和裂纹等多种特征,随着压入深度增加,涂层表/截面弹塑性差异逐渐降低,并在2500nm深度同时下降到35%。涂层单一薄层结构在不同方向具有相同的硬度和弹性模量,但随压入深度增大,压头包含的涂层体积增大,相邻薄层,特别是孔隙、裂纹、层间边界等缺陷对涂层性能的影响逐渐增强,导致涂层表/截面硬度和弹性模量的差异性随压痕深度增加不断降低。     

Microstructure of Nanostructured WC-Co Coating Prepared by Thermal Spraying

Nanostructured WC-Co coatings were produced with Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS) and Low Pressure Plasma Spraying (LPPS). Microstructure characteristics and phase compositions of the coatings were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) respectively. The microstructure compositions were analyzed with EDS. During APS deposition the existence of oxygen causes the decarburization of the coating, and the coating was composed of melted area and the WC/12Co powder. Besides WC phase, there was W2C phase. However in the coating deposited by LPPS the content of oxygen was so low that there were a limit degradation of the WC/12Co powder. The coatings were made up of compact block and loosen porosity area. There were large quantities of nanostructure WC grains and a small quantity of microstructure WC grains presented in the coating. Besides WC phase, a little W2C and WC1-x or Co6W6C phases occured. Consideration of the characteristics of the highly porous, spherical-shell morphology of nano-WC/12Co power, heterogeneous melting and localized superheating of the power were two main factors which caused the microstructure and phase composition of nano-WC-Co coatings.     

用镍基薄带钎料真空熔结Cr3C2-NiCr涂层的组织和性能

提出了一种采用薄带钎料进行真空熔结的新方法，用BNi-2薄带钎料粘贴在Cr3C2-NiCr预置层表面进行了真空熔结处理，对涂层的组织和微动磨损性能进行了研究。结果表明，真空熔结涂层组织致密，涂层与基体、涂层内部硬质相与粘结相之间可形成良好的冶金结合。涂层主要由Cr3C2，Cr7C3，Cr23C6，Ni的硼化物、Cr的硼化物等硬质相和镍基固溶体韧性相组成。基于致密的组织、良好的结合和硬质相强化，真空熔结Cr3C2-NiCr涂层的抗微动磨损性能明显优于等离子喷涂Cr3C2-NiCr涂层和1Crl8Ni9Ti不锈钢。     

激光熔覆NiCrMo和NiCrBSi涂层的微观组织及摩擦学性能研究

目前有关NiCrMo合金涂层的高温摩擦学行为和机理研究鲜有报道.为此,利用激光熔覆技术制备了NiCrMo涂层,以研究较广泛、应用较深入的NiCrBSi合金涂层作为对照,通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和Raman光谱仪对涂层的物相组成、微观结构和磨痕形貌、成分进行分析,研究了室温～800℃下2种镍基合金涂层的主要磨损机理.结...     

WC-17Co含量对(WC-17Co/NiCrBSi)复合钎焊涂层结合性能及耐磨性的影响

用真空钎焊方法,在45^#钢基体表面钎焊一层WC-17Co/NiCrBSi耐磨涂层（厚1.5mm）。研究了WC-17Co含量对涂层性能的影响。涂层自身结合强度随WC-17Co含量的增加而增大,当涂层中WC-17Co含量为69wt%时,涂层结合强度达184MPa。涂层的抗磨料磨损性能高于火焰堆焊WC-17Co/NiCrBSi涂层和CoCrW堆焊涂层。     

45钢表面激光熔覆NiCrBSi涂层的组织和摩擦磨损性能

采用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面制备NiCrBSi合金涂层,利用EPMA,SEM和TEM分析了激光熔覆层的微观组织,测试了激光熔覆层在不同环境气氛压力下的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:激光熔覆层由熔覆区(CZ)、结合区(BZ)和基底热影响区(HAZ)三个区域组成.熔覆区的组织是在γ-Ni树枝晶和γ-Ni Ni3B共晶的基体上分布着细小的CrB颗粒和Cr7C3树枝晶,结合区是基底材料和熔覆材料的混熔区,呈定向凝固特征,基底热影响区为针状马氏体组织.激光熔覆层的摩擦磨损性能与环境气氛压力密切相关,随环境气氛压力的降低,摩擦系数增大,磨损量减少.     

钎剂保护法WC／Cu基钎涂层的制备及其性能

目前,比较成熟的钎涂工艺基本上采用真空或气保护的方法,而仅以钎剂作保护实现钎涂加工的方法鲜有报道。为此,采用钎剂作保护,通过炉中钎焊的方法在Q235A钢表面制备了WC／Cu复合材料耐磨涂层,并通过组织观察和力学性能测试考察了钎涂层的性能。结果表明,使用粉状铜基钎料在大气环境下焊出的涂层气孔、渣孔等缺陷情况为：当涂层厚度...     

层状结构TiAl合金钎焊组织及性能

目的揭示层状结构Ti Al合金薄板采用钎料Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni时,在钎焊过程中的扩散行为,以及钎焊后的组织和力学性能。方法对焊缝及周边区域进行电子扫描(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线衍射分析(XRD),明确钎焊过程中的扩散行为以及钎焊接头组织;对钎焊后的层状Ti Al合金进行剪切试验和纳米压痕试验,评价焊缝的力学性能。结果采用Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni钎箔钎焊Ti Al合金板材,Al元素为主要扩散元素,从母材向焊缝进行扩散,在Ti Al合金与钎料界面处生成Ti_3Al金属化合物,在焊缝处生成(Ti,Zr)_2(Cu,Ni)(s,s),Ti_2(Cu,Ni)(s,s),(Ti,Zr)_2Ni(s,s)和α-Ti。焊后接头的剪切强度为252 MPa,裂纹在母材处生成,穿过焊缝扩展到另一侧母材区域发生断裂,焊缝区硬度值高于母材,为12.8 GPa。结论选用Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni钎料在930℃下进行钎焊,能够获得质量良好的接头。     

钎焊工艺对WC—Co／NiCrBSi复合涂层性能的影响

采用真空钎焊技术,在４５＾＃钢基体表面焊一层（ＷＣ－Ｃｏ／ＮｉＣｒＢＳｉ）复合涂层,研究了不同钎焊工艺对涂层自身结合强度、涂层与基体间连接强度以及涂层抗磨料磨损性能的影响。钎焊工艺为１０８０℃×１０ｍｉｎ时,涂层自身结合强度为１４６ＭＰａ;涂层与基体间的最高连接强度为３６７ＭＰａ。涂层的抗磨料磨损性能比Ｃｏ－Ｃｒ－Ｗ堆焊涂层和（ＷＣ－Ｃｏ／ＮｉｒＢＳｉ）火焰堆焊层的高。     

钎焊工艺对SiC/Kovar真空钎焊接头组织与性能的影响

采用Ag-Cu-Ti/Cu/Ag-Cu软性复合中间层钎料,研究了钎焊温度(810℃-900℃)、保温时间(5 min-30 min)对SiC陶瓷和Kovar合金真空钎焊接头组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着钎焊温度的升高,两侧母材溶解加剧,陶瓷侧界面反应层TiC变厚,焊缝中脆性相Fe₃Si、Ni₂Si含量增多,不利于残余应力的释放,其接头抗剪强度呈下降趋势。随着保温时间的延长,焊缝微观组织形貌变化不大,陶瓷侧界面反应层厚度先增加后保持不变;Cu(s,s)倾向于聚集在Kovar合金周围,其接头抗剪强度呈先升后降的趋势。当钎焊温度为810℃,保温时间为15 min时,钎焊接头抗剪强度最大,为33 MPa,其接头组织为:SiC陶瓷/TiC/Cu(s,s)+Ag(s,s)/Fe₂Ti+Fe₃Si/Kovar合金。     

Effect of Carbon Addition on Microstructure and Properties of WC-Co Cemented Carbides

Based on a unique method to synthesize WC-Co composite powder by insitu reactions of metal oxides and carbon, the effects of the carbon addition in the initial powders on the phase constitution, microstructure and mechanical properties of the cemented carbides were investigated. It is found that with a suitable carbon addition the pure phase constitution can be obtained in the sintered bulk from the composite powder. The mechanical properties of the cemented carbides depend on the phase constitution and the WC grain structure. To obtain the excellent properties of the WC-Co bulk, it is important to obtain the pure phase constitution from the appropriate carbon addition in the initial powders and a suitable grain size.     

Microstructure and Properties of Joint Interface of Semisolid Stirring Brazing of Composites

Stirring assisted brazing of SiC(p/A356) composites in air was investigated. A stirring was applied on one of the samples to be bonded at 455℃ during brazing. The filler metal was extruded and impacted intensively on the two surfaces of the base materials during stirring. It can be found that oxide film on the surface of the composites can be disrupted and removed through the observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The metallurgical bonds formed between the filler metal and the base materials. However, continuous residual oxide film was found at bottom joint interface, which limited the lift of joint strength. A stirring was applied once more after the samples were continuously heated up to 470 and 500℃, respectively. At this time, residual oxide film after the first of stirring can be broken by once more stirring. The bonds are mainly composed of a new alloy, which have a higher content of aluminum and are free of continuous oxide film, showing higher shear strength of 113 MPa than that of the base materials.     

Dual Coating Laser Cladding of NiCrBSi and Inconel 718

This paper presents an alternative approach to obtaining crack- and pore-free NiCrBSiFeCuMoC hard coatings on a low alloy steel substrate through coaxial laser cladding, by using Inconel 718 as a buffer layer between the hard coating and the base material. The presence of the buffer layer reduces the overall cracking susceptibility of the hardfacing material by reducing the compressive stresses developed during the cladding process and ensuring a more uniform heat distribution gradient at the surface of the material than the base metal alone, which provides an additional hardness and wear coefficient increase of 7% and improves the corrosion resistance of the obtained materials by 20%, in comparison with the reference sample obtained without an intermediate layer, by using the same operational parameters and minimizes elemental dilution with the substrate. Our method could prove useful in increasing the quality and life cycle of expensive high-performance hard-coated materials, especially those working under demanding operational and environmental conditions.     

NiCrBSi堆焊层的电化学腐蚀失效过程

在碳钢表面制备NiCrBSi耐蚀合金堆焊层,采用腐蚀浸泡试验和交流阻抗法研究了镍基合金层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀失效过程.镍基堆焊层具有良好的耐蚀性能,交流阻抗测试过程中利用恒电位极化进行加速腐蚀.结果发现,夹杂物的存在是堆焊层发生局部腐蚀的根本原因,减少夹杂物的数目和减小夹杂物的体积可以有效提高堆焊层的耐蚀性能.堆焊层耐蚀性能稳定,阻抗随腐蚀的进行略有下降,腐蚀体系的等效电路为典型的Randles等效电路.如果堆焊层某些局部区域腐蚀严重,表面有基底露出点,则堆焊层阻抗显著减小,体系的等效电路发生变化,堆焊层与基底间即使没有发生宏观的电偶腐蚀也会失效.自然腐蚀电位测试结果证明,可以通过监测结构件电极电位的变化来判断堆焊层的腐蚀失效情况.     

Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Plasma-sprayed Nanostructured Sulfide Coating

The friction and wear properties of plasma-sprayed nanostructured FeS coating were investigated on an MHK- 500 friction and wear tester under both oil lubrication and dry friction condition. The microstructure, worn surface morphology and phase composition of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. It was found that the coating was mainly composed of FeS. a small quantity of Fe1-xS and oxide were also found. The coating was formed by small particles of 50～100 nm in size The thickness of the coating is approximately 150 μm. The friction-reduction and wear-resistance properties of plasma-sprayed nanostructured FeS coating were superior to that of GCr15 steel substrate. Especially under oil lubrication condition, the friction coefficient of nanostructured FeS coating was 50% of that of GCr15 steel, the wear scar widths of the coating were also reduced to nearly 50% of that of GCr15 steel under high load. The failure of the coating was mainly attributed to plastic deformation under both oil lubrication and dry friction condition.