利用滑觉传感器实现机器人握力自适应控制

介绍了一个应用滑觉传感器组成的握力自适应控制系统,并给出了一种新型滑觉传感器的设计及结构,实验证明,它能够满足自适应控制的需要。     

智能观测器在伺服系统控制中的应用

研究优化伺服控制系统策略,永磁同步电动机( PMSM)的伺服系统优化,可改善电动机系统的稳定性和响应特性.通过提高伺服系统定位精度和抗干扰能力,有效保证机器运行效率.针对传统有速度传感器矢量控制增加了系统复杂度和成本的问题,为优化伺服系统控制结构,提出了一种采用神经网络观测器的伺服系统无速度传感器矢量控制策略.系统中不需要安装传感器来检测PMSM转子位置/速度信号,而是利用神经网络观测器从电机反电动势信号中估算转子位置/速度,从而优化了系统整体结构,减小了系统复杂度.通过对PMSM的伺服系统无速度传感器矢量控制系统的建模与仿真测试,结果表明,所设计的神经网络观测器能够准确估算转子位置/速度,控制系统能够精确跟踪给定转速指令,改进了伺服系统优化控制问题,为实际应用提供了参考.     

基于多传感器的智能车系统设计

主要介绍电磁、光电、CMOS摄像头和测速传感器在智能车控制系统中的应用.以MC9S12XS128单片机作为系统的控制核心,设计了能够自主循迹的智能车,着重叙述信号检测模块.信号检测包括路径和反馈速度检测,分别使用了电磁、光电、CMOS摄像头和编码器等传感器,并运用PID算法计算PWM对电机和舵机的控制.实际测试表明,智...     

自动化控制系统中传感器技术的设计与应用

自动化控制系统极大提高了人们的生活水平,传感器技术在自动化控制系统中发挥着重要作用。笔者对自动化控制系统中传感器技术的设计与应用进行研究,分别从工业领域、农业领域和机器人领域三个方面进行阐述,通过研究发现传感器技术能够大大提高自动化控制系统的工作效率,便于人们采集到精准有效的信息,方便人们的生活,推动社会的进步。     

基于DSP平台的激光二极管控制系统

介绍了以DSP芯片TMS320F2812为核心设计的控制平台、利用半导体制冷器和光功率传感器调节激光二极管工作温度和发射功率的控制系统;设计了具有良好性能的模拟通道,提出了针对特定调节对象的PID算法.结合优化设计的执行单元实现了很好的控制效果,有效地提高了激光二极管系统的稳定性和可靠性;设计的控制系统在环境温度-10℃～50℃时能够达到±0.03℃的控制精度.     

时隙ALOHA协议下的网络化控制系统协同设计

针对网络化控制系统中信道容量有限的问题,本文提出一种基于时隙ALOHA通信协议的控制与通信协同设计方法.将控制系统的采样周期划分为若干等长度的时隙,在每个时隙中,系统的分布式传感器通过时隙ALOHA协议来随机竞争接入网络.由于在不同的采样周期各个传感器的接入状态不同,整个状态反馈控制系统将在若干子系统之间进行切换.据此,本文建立了离散的切换系统模型,并利用分段李雅普诺夫函数方法和平均驻留时间技术得到了能够保证系统指数稳定的充分条件.然后,给出能够保证控制系统稳定所需的信道吞吐率的界限,进而得到了时隙ALOHA协议中的最大重传次数与控制系统衰减率的定量关系.通过上述方法,本文建立了控制-通信协同设计的框架结构,可将控制器的增益矩阵和时隙ALOHA通信协议进行协同设计.最后,通过仿真验证了本文所提出的协同设计方法的有效性.     

基于STM32的环境综合参数检测仪的设计

针对目前国内便携式环境参数检测仪器功能单一、测量精度低、实时性差和成本较高的缺点,设计了一款采用STM32F103RCT6为核心控制器的环境参数检测仪,软件采用模块化程序设计.该检测仪能够定时采集环境传感器数据,在HMI上显示VOC、PM2.5、PM10、温湿度和气压等参数,从而确定环境空气质量等级.测试结果表明,该测量仪运行稳定,数据实时性高,显示界面友好,能够为空气环境评价提供相关依据,具有较好的市场应用前景.     

TMS320F2812在电控悬架系统中的应用

为了提高控制电路的可靠性和抗干扰性以及控制的准确性,结合目前汽车控制中原理相似的电路,对控制电路进行了重新设计.简要说明了DSP处理器的主要功能和软件控制流程,阐述和分析了目前应用比较广泛的电控悬架的基本原理和主要车高传感器的工作原理;并通过使用仿真软件Multisim,对车身高度检测信号的输出波形进行了验证.结果表明,所涉及电路能够保证信号的可靠性,并能够基本满足控制系统对电路的要求.     

无线网络控制系统研究现状及方向

从基于无线传感器网络理论的无线网络控制系统的工业应用、控制方法设计、调度策略和通信协议的设计以及控制与调度协同设计等方面阐述了目前无线网络控制系统的主要研究内容和研究现状,并讨论了今后无线网络控制系统的研究方向。     

非确定性密闭舱室温湿度控制系统研究

复杂的水下环境会对常规条件下的测量设备及传感器性能产生影响;因此模拟水下温湿度环境对于水下设备及传感器的性能测试及标定具有重要意义;针对非确定性密闭舱室温湿度精确控制需求,重点研究了一种温湿度动态控制系统;首先设计了温湿度控制系统的硬件结构和软件功能模块;其次,研究了一种P-Fuzzy-PID控制方法,并建立了温度的模糊PID控制模型,在不同温湿度范围内分别采用不同的控制方法实现分段控制,给出了温度和湿度的实际最终控制结果;最后,实现了温湿度控制系统的人机交互功能,并对控制结果进行了分析;实验结果表明本控制系统在实际应用过程中,能够满足非确定性密闭舱室温湿度控制的工程需要,相比传统控制方法,在控制响应快速性、控制精确性、人机交互友好性以及系统智能性等方面都具有一定优势.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。