甲基三甲氧基硅烷改性水玻璃基自疏水SiO2气凝胶的制备EI北大核心CSCD

以甲基三甲氧基硅烷（MTMS）和水玻璃通过共前驱体混合,并在常压干燥条件下制备得到自疏水SiO2气凝胶。通过对制备的SiO2气凝胶的表观密度、孔隙特征、疏水性能等进行表征测试,研究溶胶中水玻璃、MTMS和乙醇的摩尔比对其性能的影响。结果表明：当混合前驱体中的乙醇／MTMS／水玻璃的摩尔比为12：3：1时,制备的改性Si02气凝胶具有良好的物理性能,密度为0．097g／cm^3,比表面积为813．28m^2／g,疏水角为150.3°。     

甲基三甲氧基硅烷对块状SiO_2气凝胶性能和结构的影响

以正硅酸乙酯(tetraethoxysilane,TEOS)为硅源,甲基三甲氧基硅烷(methyltrimethoxysilane,MTMS)为改性剂,无水乙醇(ethanol,EtOH);为溶剂,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2湿凝胶,并经过超临界干燥得到了SiO2气凝胶.利用N2吸脱附测试、红外光谱、热重-差热分析、扫描电镜,高分辨透射电镜、接触角测试等手段对气凝胶的基本性能、表面基团、热稳定性、微观形貌结构进行了研究.结果表明:以TEOS,MTMS,EtOH, H2O的摩尔比为1:0.3:15:4制得的改性气凝胶为轻质疏水块状固体材料,密度为0.1g/cm3,比表面积为1070m2/g,孔隙率为95.5%.经MTMS改性后SiO2气凝胶的比表面积、孔体积和孔隙率更大,密度吏低,其疏水耐温性从250℃提高到500℃以上.     

丙基三甲氧基硅烷改性甲基硅树脂涂料的制备

以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)和丙基三甲氧基硅烷(PTMS)为原料,通过二者的水解共缩聚反应制备了改性甲基硅树脂涂料,该涂料所形成的涂层具有良好的柔韧性.利用电导率仪着重研究了MTMS和PTMS的水解反应的条件,以使二者能够更好地水解共缩聚.研究了MTMS/PTMS的物质的量比、加水量、蒸馏反应温度和时间对涂层性能的影响.结果表明:当MTMS/PTMS物质的量比为3∶1、H2O/烷氧基硅烷物质的量比为4∶1时,将PTMS预水解15 min后再一次性加入MTMS进行水解共缩聚反应,得到的改性甲基硅树脂涂料具有良好的综合性能,涂膜固化后铅笔硬度为4H,附着力为2级,柔韧性2 mm.     

甲基三甲氧基硅烷合成的研究进展

综述了目前甲基三甲氧基硅烷的主要合成路径及其特点,并介绍了减少其副反应的方法。     

甲基三甲氧基硅烷合成工艺研究

本文对合成甲基三甲氧基硅烷的各种工艺路线进行了试验比较，选择了合适的工艺路线；在此基础上进行条件工艺试验，得出了较佳工艺条件。     

合成条件对甲基三甲氧基硅烷收率及酸值的影响

以一甲基三氯硅烷(一甲)和甲醇为原料,采用塔式反应器连续合成甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS),探讨了原料配比、下塔温度、上塔温度、反应塔压力、粗品回流比和甲醇含水量对MTMS收率及酸值的影响。结果表明：随着一甲与甲醇质量比的增大,MTMS收率先升后降,酸值先降后升;随着下塔温度的升高,MTMS收率升高并趋于稳定,酸值降低并趋于稳定;随着上塔温度的升高,MTMS收率先升后降,酸值降低;随着反应塔压力的升高,MTMS收率先升后降,酸值升高;随着粗品回流比的增大,MTMS收率和酸值均先升后降;随着甲醇含水量的升高,MTMS收率降低,酸值变化不明显;MTMS的较佳合成条件为：一甲与甲醇质量比1.5∶1,下塔温度85～90℃,上塔温度60～64℃,反应塔压力10～20 kPa,粗品回流比0.5～1,甲醇含水量≤500×10^-6。     

甲基苯基二甲氧基硅烷合成方法的研究进展

介绍了甲基苯基二甲氧基硅烷的几种合成方法:格氏试剂法、钠缩合法和醇解法。并对几种方法进行了比较。电子产品方面封装材料的合成优选格氏试剂法。     

混合前驱体常压干燥制备SiO2气凝胶及其性能研究

本文以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)作为混合硅源,通过两步溶胶-壤胶法和常压干燥工艺制备出轻质多孔的SiO2气凝胶,并采用凝胶时间的测定、扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和BET吸附等手段对SiO2气凝胶进行了表征,研究了水和前驱比(物质的量)、乙醇(EtOH)和前驱体比(物质的量)、碱浓度对溶胶-凝胶过程和SiO2气凝胶性能的影响.实验结果表明:前驱体:H2O∶ EtOH∶ HCl∶ HH4OH的物质的量为1∶4∶6∶1.8×10-3∶0.144时制备出的SiO2气凝胶性能最优,其密度、比表面积、孔容和平均孔径分别为0.15 g·cm-3、944m2 ·g-1、2.264cm3·g-1和9.592 nm.     

甲基环己基二甲氧基硅烷的合成

本文以甲基三甲氧硅烷,氯代环己烷和镁为原料,通过格氏法合成甲基环己基二甲氧基硅烷。确定了合成工艺,同时分析了影响合成反应的主要因素。结果表明,在适宜的反应条件下,甲基环己基二甲氧基硅烷的产率可达80．2％。     

离子液体及其在有机反应中的应用

简要介绍了离子液体的分类、组成、特性及其合成方法。综述了离子液体作为反应介质在各类有机反应中的应用。并对离子液体的工业化应用前景进行展望。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrophobic TMES/TEOS Based Silica Aerogels

The experimental results on the effect of adding trimethylethoxysilane (TMES) as a co-precursor on the hydrophobicity and physical properties of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) based silica aerogels, are reported. The molar ratio of TEOS, ethanol (EtOH), water (0.001 M oxalic acid catalyst) was kept constant at 1:5:7 respectively, while the molar ratio of TMES/TEOS (A) was varied from 0 to 0.6. It has been observed that as the A value increases, the gelation time increases. The hydrophobicity was tested by measuring the contact angle, and the surface chemical modification was confirmed by the FTIR spectroscopy studies. The thermal stability of the hydrophobic aerogels was studied in the temperature range from 25 to 800°C. The hydrophobic nature of the aerogel could be maintained up to a temperature of 287°C and above this temperature the aerogels become hydrophilic. The bulk density and the optical transmittance of the aerogels have been found to decrease with increase in A value. The aerogels have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Optical transmittance, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Contact angle measurements.     

Zn-Al-CO_3水滑石晶粒尺寸控制与光屏蔽作用研究

在旋转液膜反应器中制备成核浆液 ,通过控制晶化温度制备了不同粒径且晶体结构完整的Zn Al CO3水滑石 (LDHs)。将不同粒径的Zn Al CO3LDHs配成质量分数为 0 0 2 %的水分散液 ,测定在紫外 -可见光范围的透过率 ,结果发现 ,随晶化温度的升高 ,LDHs粒径增大 ,样品对紫外及可见光的阻隔作用增强 ;Zn Al CO3LDHs在不同波长下的吸光度与晶体粒子在a轴和c轴方向的尺寸呈线性关系。由外推法求得了Zn Al CO3LDHs对各波长紫外 -可见光产生屏蔽作用的晶粒尺寸阈值。对波长分别为 2 90、3 2 0、40 0、60 0和 80 0nm光波能够产生屏蔽作用的Zn Al CO3LDHs ,其粒子尺寸在a轴方向需分别大于 3 2 92、3 3 77、3 4 77、3 5 5 6、3 5 79nm ;在c轴方向需分别大于 9 73、12 79、16 47、19 3 5、2 0 2 2nm。     

Importance of Surface Area and Pore Size Distribution of Resin for Organic Toxicants Adsorption

Adsorption of benzoic acid and reactive brilliant blue 4 (RBB4) by hypercrosslinked resins and macroporous resins was examined. Micropore areas were much higher in the hypercrosslinked resins than macroporous resins while the pore volume and average pore diameter of macroporous resins were superior to the hypercrosslinked resins. The investigation showed that the pore size distributions of the resins significantly influenced the adsorption capacity of adsorbents. Adsorption of benzoic acid was dominated by BET surface area and the micropore area while the adsorption of RBB4 shifted to a pore-size-dominant process. The maximum mol adsorption capacities of benzoic acid were all higher than those of RBB4 by the resins, showing the influence of the molecular dimension on adsorption. The adsorption thermodynamic parameters were calculated and it revealed that the adsorption was an exothermic, spontaneous, and more ordered process. Adsorption kinetics and elution processes were also investigated for establishing the appropriate adsorption conditions for purifying wastewater containing benzoic acid or RBB4.     

红霉素分子印迹聚合物纳米微球的制备及其吸附特性

以红霉素为模板分子、甲基丙烯酸为功能单体、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,采用沉淀聚合法制备了粒径均一的红霉素纳米分子印迹聚合物微球,优化了分子印迹聚合物的合成条件,确定了模板分子与功能单体的最佳摩尔比为1:3,对其进行了表征. 结果表明,所制聚合物对红霉素的实际最大吸附量可达202.12 mg/g,吸附约200 min达到平衡,对红霉素具有良好的选择性吸附能力.     

改性沸石制备及对其铬吸附特性的研究

为了解决天然沸石对废水中重金属吸附能力低的问题,制备出了六种改性沸石并考察了改性沸石对六价铬离子的吸附特性。在这六种改性沸石中,H2 SO4/CuSO4复合改性沸石对铬的吸附性能最佳,其对铬的吸附曲线符合Freundlich方程;其吸附强度是天然沸石的8倍;其吸附动力学曲线符合二级动力学模型,实测值十分接近理论值,这也证明在其对六价铬离子的吸附过程中离子交换起着十分重要的作用。     

Tailoring Chitosan/LTA Zeolite Hybrid Aerogels for Anionic and Cationic Dye Adsorption

Chitosan (CS) is largely employed in environmental applications as an adsorbent of anionic dyes, due to the presence in its chemical structure of amine groups that, if protonated, act as adsorbing sites for negatively charged molecules. Efficient adsorption of both cationic and anionic dyes is thus not achievable with a pristine chitosan adsorbent, but it requires the combination of two or more components. Here, we show that simultaneous adsorption of cationic and anionic dyes can be obtained by embedding Linde Type A (LTA) zeolite particles in a crosslinked CS-based aerogel. In order to optimize dye removal ability of the hybrid aerogel, we target the crosslinker concentration so that crosslinking is mainly activated during the thermal treatment after the fast freezing of the CS/LTA mixture. The adsorption of isotherms is obtained for different CS/LTA weight ratios and for different types of anionic and cationic dyes. Irrespective of the formulation, the Langmuir model was found to accurately describe the adsorption isotherms. The optimal tradeoff in the adsorption behavior was obtained with the CS/LTA aerogel (1:1 weight ratio), for which the maximum uptake of indigo carmine (anionic dye) and rhodamine 6G (cationic dye) is 103 and 43 mg g⁻¹, respectively. The behavior observed for the adsorption capacity and energy cannot be rationalized as a pure superposition of the two components, but suggests that reciprocal steric effects, chemical heterogeneity, and molecular interactions between CS and LTA zeolite particles play an important role.     

Ion-Imprinted Polymers Based on Hollow Silica with Yeasts as Sacrificial Supports for Sr2+ Selective Adsorption

Surface ion-imprinting technique combined with a sacrificial support process was applied to synthesize Sr²⁺ ion-imprinted polymers (Sr-IIPs) in which yeast cells were used as sacrificial supports. The synthesized polymers were characterized by Fourier transmission infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and nitrogen adsorption–desorption analysis. The results indicated that Sr-IIPs possessed a relatively good dispersion and large surface area. Batch mode adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the specific adsorption equilibrium, kinetics and selective recognition properties of Sr-IIPs. Sr-IIPs exhibited a fast kinetics adsorption capacity and high selectivity for adsorption of Sr²⁺. Under optimal experimental conditions, the adsorption of Sr²⁺ onto Sr-IIPs followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and was well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The monolayer adsorption capacity at 318 K was 60.61 mg g^?1 for Sr-IIPs, which is over three-times that of NIPs. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed that the adsorption of Sr²⁺ onto Sr-IIPs was a spontaneous and endothermic process within the studied temperature range (298–318 K).