基于PSO优化LS-SVM的短期风速预测

提出了一种基于粒子群(PSO)算法优化最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)的风电场风速预测方法。以相关性较高的历史风速序列作为输入,建立预测模型,并用粒子群算法优化模型参数。在对未来1 h风速进行预测时,文章所提出的模型比最小二乘支持向量机模型及BP神经网络模型具有较高的预测精度和运算速度。算例结果表明,经粒子群优化的最小二乘支持向量机算法是进行短期风速预测的有效方法。     

基于经验模态分解与多步预测的最小二乘支持向量机的风速预测

由于风速信号是非线性、非稳定性的动态信号,用传统预测方法难以达到满意效果。为提高预测精度,提出了基于经验模态分解与多步预测的最小二乘支持向量机相结合的方法,对风速时间序列进行建模预测,即首先对风速动态信号进行经验模式分解,将原信号分解为若干个不同特征尺度(频率)的本征模态函数,然后对不同频带的平稳IMF分量分别建立多步预测的最小二乘支持向量机模型,将各分量的预测值等权求和得到最终预测值。实例分析结果表明,与单一的最小二乘支持向量机预测方法相比,经验模态分解与多步预测的最小二乘支持向量机相结合的风速预测方法误差小,可应用于风速预测中。     

基于FOA和LS-SVM的风电场风速预测研究

针对目前最小二乘支持向量机选取核参数和惩罚因子的各种方法尚存在着一定的局限性,文章采用果蝇优化算法对参数进行优化选择,提出了基于果蝇优化算法与最小二乘支持向量机结合的风速混合预测方法。对新疆某风电场为期5天的240个(采样间隔0.5 h)实测风速值进行了仿真测试,利用建立的预测模型,对第5天的风速值进行预测,预测结果的平均绝对百分比误差仅为8.32%。将其与单纯的LS-SVM模型和基于网格搜索优化的LS-SVM模型的预测结果作了对比,仿真结果验证了基于果蝇优化算法和最小二乘支持向量机混合预测模型的可行性和果蝇算法对最小二乘支持向量机参数优化的有效性。     

基于小波包与LSSVM的短期光伏输出功率预测研究

由于太阳辐照度及其他气象会随时发生变化,导致光伏电站输出功率具有可变性和不确定性,这将会对电网的安全运行造成重大影响。文章研究了影响光伏电站输出功率的几种气象因素,提出了一种基于小波包与最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)的短期光伏电站输出功率预测方法。首先,利用小波包将原始光伏电站输出功率,以及太阳辐照度、环境温度、环境湿度等气象因素进行分解,得到基频信号和多层高频信号;然后,利用最小二乘支持向量机所具有的处理小样本数据和解决非线性函数的能力,将得到的基频信号和多层高频信号作为最小二乘支持向量机的输入变量;最后,将不同尺度的输出结果进行叠加、合成,得到原始光伏电站输出功率的预测值。仿真结果表明,与传统的最小二乘支持向量机预测法、BP神经网络预测法,以及EMD与LSSVM相结合的预测方法相比,文章预测方法的预测精度较高,可以有效地预测光伏电站输出功率。     

考虑风速分布与日非平稳性的风速 数据预处理方法研究

风电场采集的风速数据受到较多气象条件的影响,容易引入多种噪声信息,具有较强的不稳定性。因此,在进行风速预测前引入数据预处理的步骤是十分必要的。研究了一种考虑风速数据分布特性与日非平稳性的数据预处理方法,采用Box-Cox变换与分时标准化处理风速数据,基于最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)进行短期风速预测,实例证明,该方法能够有效提高LSSVM模型的预测精度。     

基于混合变分模态分解模型的短期风速预测

针对风速时间序列不稳定导致其难以准确预测的问题,提出一种基于最优变分模态分解(OVMD)和蝙蝠算法(BA)优化最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)的短期风速预测模型。采用OVMD技术,将原始风速时间序列先分解为若干个相对稳定的分量序列,然后对各个分量分别建立LSSVM模型进行预测,并采用蝙蝠算法优化LSSVM中的参数,最后对优化的分量预测模型的预测值求和,即得到原始风速序列的预测值。算例分析表明,该模型具有较高的预测精度,能有效跟踪风速的变化规律。研究成果为短期风速预测提供了新思路。     

基于LMD-IMVO-LSSVM的短期风速预测

风速信号具有的随机性和波动性的特点给风速预测的准确性带来了巨大挑战。现有的风速预测方法较多,但大都难以满足风电场需求的预测效果。文章提出了一种基于LMD-IMVO-LSSVM的短期风速预测方法。首先采用局部均值分解(LMD)方法将原始风速序列分解为若干个平稳的风速子序列,结合改进多元宇宙优化算法(IMVO)寻优最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)的可调参数预测方法,建立了LMD-IMVO-LSSVM的风速预测组合模型;然后对分解得到的每个平稳子序列进行单独的预测,叠加各子序列预测结果,即得到最终的风速预测值。通过实验仿真分析得出,文章提出的组合预测模型可大大提高风速预测的准确性。     

基于蚁群优化的最小二乘支持向量机风速预测模型研究

基于最小二乘支持向量机理论,建立风速预测模型。同时,由于最小二乘支持向量机参数选取尚无有效方法,该文尝试采用蚁群算法理论来进行参数优化选择。选取某风场前四天的实测风速(采样间隔30min),应用所建立的风速预测模型,来预测第五天的48个风速值,其预测的平均绝对百分比误差仅为9.53%,预测效果较理想,验证了应用蚁群优化算法理论与最小二乘支持向量机理论进行风速预测的可行性,可为风电场规划选址和风力发电功率预测等提供理论支持。     

基于风速误差校正和ALO-LSSVM的风电功率预测

风资源的随机波动性引起的相位滞后性问题,导致风电功率预测精度不高,尤其是风速变化较快时,滞后性引起的预测误差较大。考虑到风速波动与风功率变化密切相关,提出一种非参数核密度估计和数值天气预报(NWP)相结合的方法,并对预测风速误差进行校正,改善了预测风速的相位滞后性;然后将校正后的风速和风功率作为输入数据进行风电功率预测;采用蚁狮算法(ALO)优化最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)参数,从而建立基于风速误差校正和ALO-LSSVM组合的风电功率预测模型。算例结果表明,所提方法风功率预测精度更高。     

基于CPSO-LSSVM的汽轮机热耗率软测量模型

为了准确建立汽轮机热耗率预测模型,提出了一种基于变空间Logistic混沌粒子群算法(CPSO)优化最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)的汽轮机热耗率软测量模型。采用变空间Logistic混沌搜索策略和粒子镜像越界处理策略来改善粒子群算法(PSO)的全局优化性能,提出了CPSO优化最小二乘支持向量机的超参数以改善模型预测精度,并以某600 MW汽轮机组为研究对象,利用该机组的运行数据建立CPSO-LSSVM的热耗率预测模型。结果表明:CPSO-LSSVM模型具有更高的预测精度和更强的泛化能力,能够准确有效地预测热电厂的汽轮机热耗率。     

Wind speed forecasting based on the hybrid ensemble empirical mode decomposition and GA-BP neural network method

Wind speed is the major factor that affects the wind generation, and in turn the forecasting accuracy of wind speed is the key to wind power prediction. In this paper, a wind speed forecasting method based on improved empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and GA-BP neural network is proposed. EMD has been applied extensively for analyzing nonlinear stochastic signals. Ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is an improved method of EMD, which can effectively handle the mode-mixing problem and decompose the original data into more stationary signals with different frequencies. Each signal is taken as an input data to the GA-BP neural network model. The final forecasted wind speed data is obtained by aggregating the predicted data of individual signals. Cases study of a wind farm in Inner Mongolia, China, shows that the proposed hybrid method is much more accurate than the traditional GA-BP forecasting approach and GA-BP with EMD and wavelet neural network method. By the sensitivity analysis of parameters, it can be seen that appropriate settings on parameters can improve the forecasting result. The simulation with MATLAB shows that the proposed method can improve the forecasting accuracy and computational efficiency, which make it suitable for on-line ultra-short term (10 min) and short term (1 h) wind speed forecasting.     

基于Attention-GRU风速修正和Stacking的短期风电功率预测

针对使用数值天气预报（NWP）数据进行风电功率预测时,NWP风速与实际风速存在偏差导致预测精度欠佳,提出一种基于注意力机制（Attenion）门控逻辑单元（GRU）数值天气预报风速修正和Stacking多算法融合的短期风电功率预测模型。首先,分析NWP预报风速和实际风速的皮尔逊相关系数,建立Attention-GRU风速修正模型,提高预报风速精度。其次,考虑风向、温度、湿度、气压、空气密度等气象因素,基于Stacking框架,提出融合XGBoost、LSTM、SVR、LASSO的多算法风电功率预测模型,同时采用网格搜索与交叉验证优化模型参数。最后,选取西北和东北两个典型风电场数据进行验证,算例结果表明,所提出模型能改善NWP风速精度并提升风电功率预测效果。     

Forecasting model for wind power integrating least squares support vector machine,singular spectrum analysis,deep belief network,and locality‐sensitive hashing

Accurate wind power prediction can alleviate the negative influence on power system caused by the integration of wind farms into grid. In this paper, a novel combination model is proposed with the purpose of enhancing short‐term wind power prediction precision. Singular spectrum analysis is utilized to decompose the original wind power series into the trend component and the fluctuation component. Then least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is applied to forecast the trend component while deep belief network (DBN) is utilized to predict the fluctuation component. By this means, the performance advantages of LSSVM and DBN can be brought into full play. Moreover, the locality‐sensitive hashing search algorithm is introduced to cluster the nearest training samples to further improve forecasting accuracy. Besides, the effect of LSSVM based on different kernel functions and the number of the nearest samples is investigated. The simulation results show that the normalized root mean square errors of the proposed model based on linear kernel function from 1‐step to 3‐step forecasting are 2.13%, 5.03%, and 7.29%, respectively, which outperforms all the other comparison models. Therefore, it can be concluded that the proposed combination model provides a promising and effective alternative for short‐term wind power prediction.     

Wind speed forecast model for wind farm based on a hybrid machine learning algorithm

This paper presents a new strategy for wind speed forecasting based on a hybrid machine learning algorithm, composed of a data filtering technique based on wavelet transform (WT) and a soft computing model based on the fuzzy ARTMAP (FA) network. The prediction capability of the proposed hybrid WT+FA model is demonstrated by an extensive comparison with some other existing wind speed forecasting methods. The results show a significant improvement in forecasting error through the application of a proposed hybrid WT+FA model. The proposed wind speed forecasting strategy is applied to real data acquired from the North Cape wind farm located in PEI, Canada.     

基于熵权时序模型的超短期风电功率预测

针对风电具有较强的随机性和波动性,传统的单一预测方法难以准确描述其规律且预测精度较低的问题,提出风速熵和功率熵的概念,在时间序列法的基础上分别采用基于风速和基于功率的预测方法,并根据风速熵和功率熵的计算结果动态设置预测点的权值,建立风电功率的熵权时序模型。算例分析结果表明,所提方法能有效提取风速及功率历史数据中的有用信息,提高超短期风电功率预测精度,预测结果的准确率和合格率均优于神经网络法、时间序列法和基于风速法。     

基于MMAS BP算法的短期风速非线性组合预测模型

为提高风电场短期风速的预测精度,引入一种基于改进蚁群算法优化神经网络的非线性组合预测方法,按误差平方和最小原则对所建灰色GM(1,1)模型、BP网络和RBF网络三种单一预测数据进行非线性组合,并将其结果作为最终预测值。仿真结果表明,该方法的平均绝对误差及均方误差分别为17.76%和3.68%,均小于单一模型、线性组合模型及神经网络组合模型的预测结果,提高了网络的泛化能力,降低了预测风险,为风电场风速预测提供了一种新途径。     

A corrected hybrid approach for wind speed prediction in Hexi Corridor of China

Wind energy has been well recognized as a renewable resource in electricity generation, which is environmentally friendly, socially beneficial and economically competitive. For proper and efficient evaluation of wind energy, a hybrid Seasonal Auto-Regression Integrated Moving Average and Least Square Support Vector Machine (SARIMA-LSSVM) model is significantly developed to predict the mean monthly wind speed in Hexi Corridor. The design concept of combining the Seasonal Auto-Regression Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) method with the Least Square Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) algorithm shows more powerful forecasting capacity for monthly wind speed prediction at wind parks, when compared with the single Auto-Regression Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), SARIMA, LSSVM models and the hybrid Auto-Regression Integrated Moving Average and Support Vector Machine (ARIMA-SVM) model. To verify the developed approach, the monthly data from January 2001 to December 2006 in Mazong Mountain and Jiuquan are used for model construction and model testing. The simulation and hypothesis test results show that the developed method is simple and quite efficient.