乙醇一步法合成乙酸乙酯过程中PdCu／ZSM—5催化剂的研究

以ＺＳＭ－５分子筛作载体，通过浸渍方法负载钯，铜制备了ＰｄＣＵ／ＺＳＭ－５催化剂，采用程序升温脱附法，连续脱附色谱法和微反－色谱技术，着重考究了催化剂的吸附，脱附性能，孔隙分布规律以及反应性能和产物分布规律。     

ZSR超临界萃取技术装置的开发与应用

国内外超临界萃取技术的现状及ＺＳＲ超临界萃取装置中试的成功开发表明：ＺＳＲ超临界萃取技术装置具有萃取（０．４ＭＰa-0．8MPa）、分离（－０．０８ＭＰa-0．２ＭＰa）压力低，温度低（室温）、不燃爆无毒，一次直接萃取油品色泽浅、生理活性物质保存好、萃取时间短（２h-2.5h)、得率高（粕中残油可控制在１．５％以下），粕中蛋白无变性、工艺简短、投资者、效益高等优点，因而，在制备油脂食品、保健品、医药品、美容品等方面具有广阔的前景。     

信息废纸脱墨再生高级卫生纸用浆的研究

本文对三类表面活性剂的脱墨性能进行比较研究，优选出二种适合信息废纸脱墨再生高级卫生纸的高效脱墨剂：ＺＳ－０６和油酸＋ＳＦ－２。     

信息废纸脱墨再生高级卫生纸用浆的研究

本文对三类表面活性剂的脱墨性能进行比较研究，优选出二种适合信息废纸脱墨再生高级卫生的高效脱墨剂：ＺＳ－０６和油酸＋ＳＦ－２。     

SO_2－O_2－H_2O表面催化反应“干”机理的研究

ＳＯ２－Ｏ２－Ｈ２Ｏ表面催化反应机制的研究是环境科学中的一个重要课题．用格子模型研究了该反应的“干”机理．利用“部分模拟法”得到了三种情况下反应体系的动力学相图：１）无表面吸附物种的脱附；２）吸附态分子Ｏ２＊或Ｈ２Ｏ＊有一种可脱附；３）Ｏ２＊和Ｈ２Ｏ＊都可脱附．计算表明，在无脱附的情况下相图上的反应相是一个点；在有一个物种脱附的情况下反应相扩展到一个线性区域；在有两个物种脱附的情况下反应相进一步扩展，成为一个一定大小的面区域．该结果说明，反应物种的脱附对ＳＯ２－Ｏ２－Ｈ２Ｏ表面反应的持续进行具有关键性的作用．     

氟氯苯胺的新合成法及冠醚在其中的应用

以邻二氯苯为原料，经硝化、氟化、还原合成氟氯苯胺．对关键的第二步氟化进行了改进，用１８－冠－６作相转移催化剂，ＤＭＳＯ为溶剂，在（１９０±２）℃反应１ｈ，产率达８９．５％，三步总收率为７６．５％．     

高白度红麻皮浆制浆工艺的研究

采用添加表面活性剂的ＭＳＳ－ＡＱ法，在选用的蒸煮条件下，蒸煮液中Ｎａ２Ｓ／（Ｎａ２Ｓ＋Ｎａ２ＳＯ３）的摩尔比在０．０５至０．０８的范围内，所制得红麻皮粗浆硬度较低。与ＡＳ－ＡＱ法相比较，红麻皮ＭＳＳ－ＡＱ法浆硬度低８个Ｋ值单位。ＭＳＳ－ＡＱ法中添加０．２％表面活性剂可使硬度明显降低。采用新型的ＨＡＰ方式漂白，运用正交试验法，找到了Ｈ段用氯量５％，Ｐ段Ｈ２Ｏ２用量０．７％，可将白度４０．５％的未漂浆漂到白度８４．８％。漂白红麻皮浆在ＰＦＩ磨中打浆至３８．５°ＳＲ，手抄纸页裂断长可达７．１４Ｋｍ，透气度４５ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ。     

棉籽油直接氢化制取代可可脂的研究

本文采用Ｃｕ／ＳｉＯ＿２催化剂、ＤＭ－２与Ｃｕ／ＳｉＯ＿２混合催化剂、－２与ＳＰ－７混和催化剂、Ｃｕ／Ｎｉ双元催化剂以及ＤＭ－２催化剂等多种剂型，对棉籽油进行了选择性氢化后。实验结果表明：尽管棉籽油十八碳脂肪酸与天然可可脂十八碳脂肪酸含量相近，但是由于氢化过程中伴随着大量油酸反式异构体的生成，氢化后的棉籽油仍不具备天然可可脂的优良物理性能，氢化成品油只能用于制作巧克力涂层、糖果的外衣等。实验结果与荷兰Ｈａｒｓｈａｗ公司及Ｊ．Ａ．Ｏ．Ｃ．Ｓ．所报道的结论相吻合。实验后发现：采用先加Ｃｕ／ＳｉＯ＿２（０．０５％，Ｃｕ／油），后补加ＤＭ－２（０．０３％，Ｎｉ／油），１８０～２００℃，０．２ＭＰａ，５７０ｒ／ｍｉｎ的工艺条件和采用ＤＭ－２（０．０１％，Ｎｉ／油），ＳＰ－７（０．０９％，Ｎｉ／油），１８０～２００℃，０．２ＭＰａ，５７０ｒ／ｍｉｎ的工艺条件下所制得的氢化油，其选择性较好，所测ＳＦＩ值相对较理想。     

模糊综合评判方法在甜菜品种区域试验中的应用

应用农业系统工程学的模糊综合评判原理对１９９１￣１９９３年吉林省甜菜品种区域试验多粒组的５个参试品种１５个点次的产质量数据进行分析,结果表明：与对照品种范育１号相比,７０５１１表观优秀,Ｚ．ＳＩＺ－１１表现良好,Ｆ．Ｓ．Ｚ８９－１、Ｆ．Ｓ．Ｚ８９－２、８８－６表现一般。     

新型非离子表面活性剂——BMPE的合成及其脱墨效果的研究

本文研究了非离子表面活性剂－鲨肝醇肉豆寇酸酯聚乙二醇醚（ＢＭＰＥ）的制备和其在废纸脱墨中的应用，讨论了影响ＢＭＰＥ脱墨的因素，研究结果表明：１．ＢＭＰＥ的合成可用下面的方法，环氧氯丙烷与十八醇的反应产物与足量的碱反应后，与肉豆寇酸酯化，再与环氧乙烷加成。２．ＢＭＰＥ用于废复印纸脱墨的最佳条件为：ＢＭＰＥ用量：０．１２％，ＮａＯＨ用量：１．５％，硅酸钠用量；２．５％，ＥＤＴＡ用量：０．４％，Ｈ２Ｏ２     

Selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides from exhaust of lean burn engine over in-situ synthesized Cu-ZSM-5/cordierite

ZSM-5 zeolite was in-situ synthesized successfully on the surface of honeycomb cordierite substrate, certified by XRD and SEM techniques. Good thermal and hydrothermal stability of ZSM-5/cordierite could be obtained because of the in-situ synthesis method. Copper ion-exchanged ZSM-5/cordierite was studied as catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides. For practical reasons, the catalytic testing experiments were preformed on a real lean burn engine. Unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust were directly used as reductants for NOx reduction. Cu-ZSM-5/cordierite exhibited high catalytic activity, and at 673 K the maximal NOx conversion to N2 could reach 50% at gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of about 25 000 h(-1). Hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust could also be purified at the same time. As expected, Cu-ZSM-5/cordierite catalyst exhibited good duration and antipoison properties. When traces of lanthanum were introduced to Cu-ZSM-5/cordierite catalyst as a modifier, the activated temperature of the catalyst could be decreased and the temperature window with high NOx conversions broadened. Cu-ZSM-5/ cordierite and LaCu-ZSM-5/cordierite were thought as promising automobile exhaust catalysts under lean conditions. Copper is the main active component in the Cu-ZSM-5/ cordierite catalyst and Cu(II), which was found in the catalyst during the proceeding of reaction by XPS, is thought to be essential. On the basis of this, deNOx process over Cu-ZSM-5/cordierite is also discussed.     

微孔沸石对卷烟烟气中多环芳烃去除的机理研究

通过多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon,PAHs）荧蒽（fluoranthene,Flu）和蒽（anthracene,Ant）在微孔沸石Y、ZSM-5和NaA上的吸附和催化裂解实验,探讨了沸石对卷烟烟气中PAHs选择性去除作用机理。实验结果表明：Y型沸石能吸附和催化裂解Flu和Ant;ZSM-5沸石能吸附和催化裂解Ant而不能吸附Flu;NaA沸石受孔径限制,不能吸附和催化裂解Ant和Flu。然而,将这些沸石添加到卷烟中,它们都不同程度地减少了烟气中B[a]P、Ant和Flu的含量。结合沸石吸附PAHs的红外图谱及量子化学计算结果：微孔沸石对卷烟烟气中PAHs的去除不是直接吸附或催化降解,而是吸附了形成PAHs的中间体/前体从而减少了PAHs的生成。     

Platinum particle size and support effects in NO(x) mediated carbon oxidation over platinum catalysts

Platinum metal was dispersed on microporous, mesoporous, and nonporous support materials including the zeolites Na-Y, Ba-Y, Ferrierite, ZSM-22, ETS-10, and AIPO-11, alumina, and titania. The oxidation of carbon black loosely mixed with catalyst powder was monitored gravimetrically in a gas stream containing nitric oxide, oxygen, and water. The carbon oxidation activity of the catalysts was found to be uniquely related to the Pt dispersion and little influenced by support type. The optimum dispersion is around 3-4% corresponding to relatively large Pt particle sizes of 20-40 nm. The carbon oxidation activity reflects the NO oxidation activity of the platinum catalyst, which reaches an optimum in the 20-40 nm Pt particle size range. The lowest carbon oxidation temperatures were achieved with platinum loaded ZSM-22 and AIPO-11 zeolite crystallites bearing platinum of optimum dispersion on their external surfaces.     

Removing organic compounds from aqueous medium via wet peroxidation by gold catalysts

A new heterogeneous Fenton-like system, consisting of supported Au catalysts and hydrogen peroxide, was proved to be effective in removing low level organic compounds (ca. 100 ppm) such as phenol, ethanol, formaldehyde, and acetone in aqueous solution. Among all gold catalysts the Au/ hydroxyapatite (Au/HAp) exhibits the highest activity, and even better than the conventional iron ions exchanged zeolite (Fe/ ZSM-5) catalyst. In particular, unlike the limited operational pH range (pH: 2 approximately 5) for the other heterogeneous Fenton catalysts such as Fe/ZSM-5, Au/HAp shows higher stability even in strong acid solution (pH approximately 2), due to almost no leaching of active metal from supports into solution. It can be potentially applied in treating the industrial wastewaters with strong acidity and purifying drinking water. In addition, in the case of complete oxidation of phenol, a plausible route was suggested for deep understanding of this process.     

An investigation of strong sodium retention mechanisms in nanopore environments using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Recent experimental research into the adsorption of various cations on zeolite minerals has shown that nanopore channels of approximately 0.5 nm or less can create an effect whereby the adsorption of ions, especially those that are weakly hydrated, can be significantly enhanced. This enhanced adsorption occurs due to the removal of hydrating water molecules which in turn is caused by the nanopore channel's small size. A new adsorption model, called the nanopore inner-sphere enhancement (NISE) effect, has been proposed that explains this unusual adsorption mechanism. To further validate this model a series of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies is presented here. NMR spectra were gathered for Na adsorbed on three zeolite minerals of similar chemical composition but differing nanoporosities: zeolite Y with a limiting dimension of 0.76 nm, ZSM-5 with a limiting dimension of 0.51 nm, and mordenite with a limiting dimension of 0.26 nm. The NMR experiments validated the predictions of the NISE model whereby Na adsorbed via outer-sphere on zeolite Y, inner-sphere on ZSM-5, and a combination of both mechanisms on mordenite. The strong Na adsorption observed in these nanoporous minerals conflicts with sodium's general designation as a weak electrolyte.     

Propene poisoning on three typical Fe-zeolites for SCR of NOχ with NH₃: from mechanism study to coating modified architecture

Application of Fe-zeolites for urea-SCR of NO(x) in diesel engine is limited by catalyst deactivation with hydrocarbons (HCs). In this work, a series of Fe-zeolite catalysts (Fe-MOR, Fe-ZSM-5, and Fe-BEA) was prepared by ion exchange method, and their catalytic activity with or without propene for selective catalytic reduction of NO(x) with ammonia (NH(3)-SCR) was investigated. Results showed that these Fe-zeolites were relatively active without propene in the test temperature range (150-550 °C); however, all of the catalytic activity was suppressed in the presence of propene. Fe-MOR kept relatively higher activity with almost 80% NO(x) conversion even after propene coking at 350 °C, and 38% for Fe-BEA and 24% for Fe-ZSM-5 at 350 °C, respectively. It was found that the pore structures of Fe-zeolite catalysts were one of the main factors for coke formation. As compared to ZSM-5 and HBEA, MOR zeolite has a one-dimensional structure for propene diffusion, relatively lower acidity, and is not susceptible to deactivation. Nitrogenated organic compounds (e.g., isocyanate) were observed on the Fe-zeolite catalyst surface. The site blockage was mainly on Fe(3+) sites, on which NO was activated and oxidized. Furthermore, a novel fully formulated Fe-BEA monolith catalyst coating modified with MOR was designed and tested, the deactivation due to propene poisoning was clearly reduced, and the NO(x) conversion reached 90% after 700 ppm C(3)H(6) exposure at 500 °C.     

分子筛ZSM-5对海藻酸钠热分解的影响

本研究采用热重分析法研究了分子筛ZSM-5填充海藻酸钠在空气中的热分解过程,升温速率分别为5K/min、10K/min、15K/min、20K/min和30K/min,温度范围为室温（298K）至1250K,并利用TGA曲线分析了复合材料的热分解特性。热重分析结果显示,热分解反应最剧烈的温度介于450～650K之间,热分解动力学分析表明,该热分解过程为一级反应,可通过最大失重速率温度法和Ozawa等失重率法分别计算求得活化能和频率因子。结果表明,活化能和频率因子随着失重率的增加而增大,分子筛ZSM-5的加入有利于海藻酸钠的热分解。     

Fe-USY zeolite catalyst for effective decomposition of nitrous oxide

Zeolite matrix FAU is applied as an effective support that can be readily exchanged with ferric ions simply by wet ion exchange. The high exchange degree in this zeolite (USY) probably benefits from its larger channel dimension, which makes the diffusion of hydrated ferric ions into the channels easier. The as-prepared and subsequently calcined Fe-USY samples contain various kinds of iron species, which enable Fe-USY to efficiently decompose N2O to N2 and O2. The presence of O2 (20%), H2O (2%), or both reduces the N2O conversion only to a small extent at the same temperature. To test the feasibility and the catalytic activity in a practical situation, we prepared a monolithic Fe-USY/cordierite sample and investigated the N2O conversion under similar conditions. Such a cordierite-supported Fe-USY catalyst (approximately 9 wt % USY and 0.5 wt % Fe) shows the catalytic performance in N20 decomposition similar to the pure Fe-USY catalyst. Remarkably, both the pure Fe-USY and Fe-USY/cordierite catalysts demonstrate a very good durability because there is no activity lost after 100 and 144 h tests. Thus, the Fe-USY zeolite shows its potential as a cost-effective catalyst for N2O elimination in future applications.     

不同载体上的镍催化剂的氢化性能研究

用浸渍法制备负载在不同载体(硅藻土、活性炭、分子筛、凹凸棒土)上的镍基催化剂用于食用油脂加氢，并测得油脂在不同反应时间的碘价、折光指数、熔点数据，分析比较其催化活性，其中以凹凸棒土为载体的镍基催化剂综合性能较好。