TiO2纳米管制备修饰及应用研究进展

TiO2纳米管具有巨大的比表面积以及稳定的化学性质等优异特性,在众多领域都有广泛的应用。本文综述了TiO2纳米管的制备方法,比较了溶胶一凝胶法、水热法、模板法以及阳极氧化法的优劣;同时,综述了TiO2纳米管表面修饰及改性的方法,以及TiO2纳米管在光催化、太阳能电池、生物医学和传感器等领域的应用研究现状。     

光电催化COD测定装置的设计及COD测定性能研究

本文基于TiO2纳米管阵列电极光电催化反应原理,设计、集成了一套COD测定装置.通过对测定系统的考查表明,采用365 nm紫外光源,偏电压2.0 V,支持电解质2.0mol/L NaN03溶液,pH 4～10范围内可得到稳定可靠的测量结果,COD测量范围为0～500mg/L,检测限0.3mg/L.在上述条件下,测量系统获得的有机物完全矿化时的库仑电量(Qnet)与理论COD值(ThCOD)之间呈现出良好的线性关系,得到的线性方程为Qnet=0.01308ThCOD+0.02989,相关系数r=0.9962.利用该装置测定不同实际水样,COD测定结果与标准重铬酸钾法有较好的一致性,且相对标准偏差均小于4％,表明该测量系统可以替代传统的重铬酸钾法测定仪器,克服其不足.     

纳米TiO_2敏感膜修饰的QCM气体传感器检测氨气的研究

主要介绍了纳米TiO2修饰的QCM(Quartz Crystal Microbalance)气体传感器的制备与测试。在石英晶振片表面制备纳米TiO2敏感膜,构成QCM氨气传感器。检测系统为自主研发的基于LabVIEW平台的QCM气体传感器频率测试软件。检测氨气的体积分数为1×10-5~5×10-5,响应时间均在10 s以内,响应最大频差值与氨气浓度呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 4。室温条件下,纳米TiO2敏感膜可以完全实现吸附解吸过程,具有可逆性。该传感器性能稳定,响应灵敏,具有重复性。     

纳米TiO2/ATP复合光催化剂的合成及其表征

以凹凸棒石黏土（Attapulgite，缩写为ATP）为载体，通过酸性溶胶法制备纳米Tio2／ATP前驱体，再经过高温煅烧得到其复合体。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、差热（DTA-TG）手段对其组成、尺寸、结构等进行分析和表征。结果表明，该复合光催化剂中的纳米TiO2在凹凸棒石黏土表面分布均匀，TiO2纳米颗粒间不发生团聚，TiO2粒径比相同工艺获得的纯TiO2小。     

CASS工艺处理生活污水及其中水回用

介绍了采用周期循环活性污泥法（Cyclic Activated Sludge System，简称CASS）处理生活污水的工艺和运行情况。当进水COD在350mg／L左右时，经过CASS处理后出水可达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》GB（GB18918—2002）中的一级B标准。主要污染物COD≤60mg／L。经过絮凝沉淀消毒后达到中水回用标准。     

茜素紫-Mo（Ⅵ）-CTMAB体系分光光度法测定钼尾矿中痕量钼

在pH5．9的磷酸缓冲溶液中,CTMAB存在下,痕量Mo（Ⅵ）与茜素紫作用生成一种新的紫色物质,据此建立了一种测定痕量Mo（Ⅵ）的新分光光度法。该物质的最大吸收波长为375nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1．99×10^5L·mol-1·cm-1。在最佳实验条件下,测定Mo（Ⅵ）的线性范围为3．2×10^-4～6．0mg／L,检出限为1．0×10^-4mg／L。方法用于本地钼尾矿中钼含量的测定,其结果与原子吸收光谱法测定值对照,结果令人满意,测定相对标准偏差为2．3％～2．9％,标准加入回收率为96．0％～106％。     

氧化铝模板法制备掺杂稀土镧的TiO_2纳米管及其表征

以多孔有序阳极氧化铝(AAO)为模板,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺杂稀土镧的TiO2纳米管;用透射电镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪对AAO模板和纳米管进行了表征,在此基础上分析了纳米管的形成机理.结果表明:模板法制备得到的掺杂稀土镧的TiO2纳米管管径均匀,尺寸在80～120 nm之间.     

表面镉（Ⅱ）离子印迹聚合物的制备及其应用

利用离子印迹技术制备了镉（II）离子印迹聚合物,并对其吸附性能进行了详细研究。以镉（II）离子为模板,以3-氨基丙基-三乙氧基硅烷为功能单体,在纳米TiO2/SiO2表面聚合形成镉（II）印迹聚合物。实验结果表明,与非印迹的聚合物相比较,该印迹聚合物对镉（II）离子具有较好的识别性和选择性。镉（II）印迹聚合物与非印迹聚合物的吸附量分别是42.56mg·g^-1和13.95mg·g^-1。该法的检出限为0.11ng·mL-1,相对标准偏差为1.79%。将该印迹聚合物用于环境和生物样品中的镉（II）的分离富集和测定,结果令人满意。     

纳米TiO2/ATP复合体的光催化活性

以凹凸棒石粘土（Attapulgite,缩写为ATP）为载体,通过酸性溶胶法制备纳米TiO2/ATP前驱体,再经过不同温度煅烧得到其复合体;采用甲醛为降解对象,研究表明,850℃以下煅烧得到的复合体,2h后甲醛的浓度已不足5mg/L,光催化降解率达到了98%以上,对甲醛的催化效果显著提高;在用量相同的情况下,复合催化剂与纯TiO2相比具有更高的光催化活性。     

COD快速分析仪的开发和研制

根据纳米TiO2光催化原理，开发研制了一种以光度分析为检测手段的COD快速分析仅。本仪器检测时间短，消解时间在10min以内，操作简单，测量精密度高，能同时测定各类废水及地表水的COD值，且与标准法有良好的相关性．大大降低了对环境的二次污染，实现了对水体中COD值的快速分析。     

A microscopic analysis of the effects of root surface scaling with different power parameters of er,cr:YSGG laser

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different power parameters of an Erbium, Cromium: Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium, Garnet laser (Er,Cr:YSGG laser) on the morphology, attachment of blood components (ABC), roughness, and wear on irradiated root surfaces. Sixty‐five incisive bovine teeth were used in this study, 35 of which were used for the analysis of root surface morphology and ABC. The remaining 30 teeth were used for roughness and root wear analysis. The samples were randomly allocated into seven groups: G1: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 0.5 W; G2: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 1.0 W; G3: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 1.5 W; G4: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 2.0 W; G5: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 2.5 W; G6: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 3.0 W; G7: scaling and root planning (SRP) with manual curettes. The root surfaces irradiated by Er,Cr:YSGG at 1.0 W and scaling with manual curettes presented the highest degrees of ABC. The samples irradiated by the Er,Cr:YSGG laser were rougher than the samples treated by the manual curette, and increasing the laser power parameters caused more root wear and greater roughness on the root surface. The Er,Cr:YSGG laser is safe to use for periodontal treatment, but it is not appropriate to use irradiation greater than 1.0 W for this purpose. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:529–535, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Singularity and workspace analysis of three isoconstrained parallel manipulators with schoenflies motion

This paper presents the analysis of three parallel manipulators with Schoenflies-motion. Each parallel manipulator possesses two limbs in structure and the end-effector has three DOFs (degree of freedom) in the translational motion and one DOF in rotational motion about a given direction axis with respect to the world coordinate system. The three isoconstrained parallel manipulators have the structures denoted as CuuUwHw-//-CvvUwHw, CuRuuUhw-//-CvRvvUhw and CuPuUhw-//- CvPvUhw. The kinematic equations are first introduced for each manipulator. Then, Jacobian matrix, singularity, workspace, and performance index for each mechanism are subsequently derived and analysed for the first time. The results can be helpful for the engineers to evaluate such kind of parallel robots for possible application in industry where pick-and-place motion is required.     

Significant progress in solution of nonlinear equations at displacement of structure and heat transfer extended surface by new AGM approach

In this paper, we aim to promote the capability of solving two complicated nonlinear differential equations: 1) Static analysis of the structure with variable cross section areas and materials with slope-deflection method; 2) the problem of one dimensional heat transfer with a logarithmic various surface A(x) and a logarithmic various heat generation G(x) with a simple and innovative approach entitled “Akbari-Ganji’s method” (AGM). Comparisons are made between AGM and numerical method, the results of which reveal that this method is very effective and simple and can be applied for other nonlinear problems. It is significant that there are some valuable advantages in this method and also most of the differential equations sets can be answered in this manner while in other methods there is no guarantee to obtain the good results up to now. Brief excellences of this method compared to other approaches are as follows: 1) Differential equations can be solved directly by this method; 2) without any dimensionless procedure, equation(s) can be solved; 3) it is not necessary to convert variables into new ones. According to the aforementioned assertions which are proved in this case study, the process of solving nonlinear equation(s) is very easy and convenient in comparison to other methods.     

Analysis of specific lipid metabolites in cord blood of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

This work aimed to clarify the interaction between the fetus and pregnant patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the lipid metabolomics analysis of the fetal umbilical cord blood of GDM patients and normal pregnant women were performed to screen out the specific lipid metabolites for pathogenesis of GDM. From 2019–2020, 21 patients with GDM and 22 normal pregnant women were enrolled in Hexian Memorial Hospital, Panyu District, Guangzhou. The general information such as weight, height, age, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy were analyzed. Non-targeted metabonomic detection and analysis were performed in umbilical cord plasma using LC-MS method. The age, BMI, delivery methods, and infant weight were different between GDM and control. There were 167 lipid metabolites in umbilical cord blood associated with GDM. Among them, 158 upregulated and 9 downregulated in GDM. There were 13 dysregulated metabolites with C < 30, including Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines LPC 16:0, 18:2, 18:1, 18:0, 20:4 and 22:6, glycerophosphocholines PC O-16:1, oleoylcarnitine CAR 18:2 and 18:1, dihexosylceramides Hex2Cer 13:0;2O, phosphatidylethanolamine PE O-22:6_2:0 and PE O-22:6_3:0 and sphingomyelin SM 8:0; 2O/11:0. Those metabolites were associated with glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. Therefore, Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines, glycerophosphocholines, oleoylcarnitine, dihexosylceramides, phosphatidylethanolamine, and sphingomyelin were main lipid metabolites of GDM, which might be used for diagnosis and treatment of GDM.     

HPLC检测紫杉醇高分子脂质体制剂的载药量和包封率

建立测定紫杉醇高分子脂质体制剂的载药量和包封率的GFC-HPLC方法。采用SephadexG-25联合Comatex C_(18)(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),HPLC流动相:甲醇-乙腈-水(体积比35:40:25),流速:1.0 mL/min,检测波长:227 nm,进样量:10μL。在此优化的色谱条件下紫杉醇与高分子脂质体辅料及溶剂峰分离良好,紫杉醇在2～64μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9997,n=5),紫杉醇的平均回收率为101.6%,RSD为0.74%。该方法简单可靠,准确快速,可适用于脂质体制剂中紫杉醇的含量及包封率的测定。     

研制蜂胶冻干粉的最佳工艺研究

本文探讨了以粗蜂胶为原料,研制蜂胶冻干粉的的工艺。结果表明:蜂胶冻干粉的工艺流程为粗蜂胶─→醇溶法提取─→赋形─→冻干─→冻干粉。最佳工艺条件为:(1)醇溶法提取蜂胶的最佳条件:固液比:1:25,乙醇溶液浓度75%,提取温度80℃,提取时间1.5h。(2)赋形剂为22%甘露醇,赋形的最佳条件为:22%甘露醇与4%的蜂胶乙醇溶液按76:24的比例混合。(3)冻干条件:预冻温度-74℃,预冻时间2小时,抽真空时间24小时,升温干燥20℃,升温干燥30分钟,冷阱温度为-52℃。在此条件下生产的蜂胶冻干粉的溶解度为87%,水分含量为0.93,总黄酮含量为0.49%。     

基于物联网技术的ICU设备管理系统设计

目的:设计一种ICU移动医疗设备管理系统。方法:采用基于RFID的物联网技术,实现ICU移动医疗设备的识别、定位、跟踪、监控和管理等。结果:该系统可与医院临床信息系统无缝融合,在大大提高医护人员工作效率的同时可保证相关医疗设备的有效管理和应用。结论:基于物联网技术的ICU设备管理系统提高了医疗设备使用的安全性,降低了医疗事故的发生率,具有较强的实用性,可以推广应用。     

新型环保润滑油配方的研制

研制了一种新型环保润滑油.该润滑油由表面活性剂、促进剂、纳米粒子、500SN基础油组成,具有极压性能高、抗磨减摩性能好、保护环境、制作简单等特点.其活性剂与促进剂的配方为:(吐温-60∶司本-20∶司本-80=2∶1∶1)∶聚醚=4∶3;纳米粒子配方为:W(Cu)∶W(CaCO3)=1∶1,W(Cu CaCO3)%=0.6%.     

Response of E. faecalis biofilms to different associations of auxiliary substances during root canal preparation: A confocal laser microscopy analysis

Objective: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of different endodontic auxiliary chemical substances over Enterococcus faecalis (Ef) biofilm through confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Methods: Forty‐five bovine incisors were infected with Ef for 21 days. Teeth were divided into five groups: group 1: 2.5% NaOCl + EDTA, group 2: 2% CHX gel + EDTA, group 3: 2% CHX liquid + EDTA, group 4: 2.5% NaOCl + 2% CHX gel + EDTA, group 5: 2.5% NaOCl + 2% CHX liquid + EDTA and a negative and a positive control group (NCG; PCG). The samples were stained with SYTO9 and propidium iodide and analyzed by CLSM. Bacterial viability was quantitatively analyzed by the proportions of dead and live bacteria in the biofilm remnants. Scores were standardized according to the total bacterial load (TBL)—1: ≤25%, 2: >25 ≤50%, 3: >50 ≤75%, 4: >75% and debris—1: absence of debris; 2: presence of debris. Statistical analysis was carried out through the Kruskal–Wallis and the Fischer exact tests (P = 0.05). Results: No statistical differences were observed to CFU, debris and bacterial viability. Conclusion: None of the tested substances could completely eliminate Ef from the root canal space. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:658–662, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.