用于细胞固定化的纺织品设计研究

微生物固定化技术是目前生物工程中一个研究热点,而载体的选择是其中的关键环节。织物可以作为微生物固定化的载体,用于微生物的固定化培养。与其他的载体相比,纺织品具有比表面积大、传质性能良好、易于加工和价格低廉的优势,在用作细胞固定化载体方面具有极大的潜力。在设计和织造了8种不同织物组织的织物后,通过研究这些织物对细胞固定化效果的影响,以确定出有利于培养和固定细胞的织物组织结构。这既可以为细胞固定化提供新载体,又可以为纺织品的应用提供新的途径。     

酵母细胞酒精发酵固定化载体的改进

针对海藻酸钠载体强度低、易分解的缺点,采用添加法和置换法对载体进行改性研究,并确定了最佳固定化条件。考察了添加物质的添加量、置换物质的浓度、钙化时间及置换时间对固定化细胞强度的影响。制备得到的固定化细胞采用1%浓度的Al(NO3)3置换,置换时间18h时固定化细胞强度最大。该固定化细胞可进行42d共14批次的酒精发酵。      

细胞固定化技术-聚氨酯泡沫颗粒作为载体研究进展

该文概述了以聚氨酯泡沫颗粒作为载体进行细胞固定化技术的特点,分析了影响其固定化的各主要因素,探讨了聚氨酯作为细胞固定化载体材料的应用现状、存在的问题、解决办法及其发展前景,以期为聚氨酯载体材料进行细胞固定化研究提供思路。     

天然多糖在细胞固定化载体材料中的应用进展

天然多糖来源广泛，具有良好的生物相容性和易于改性的特点，其在细胞固定化应用技术中研究较早。本文简述常用的几种细胞固定化方法及近年来国内外细胞固定化载体研究的新进展，介绍了纤维素及其衍生物、壳聚糖、海藻酸等在酶固定化领域中的应用。阐述了材料固定化细胞的过程，并对细胞固定化用材料的发展前景予以展望。     

酵母细胞酒精发酵固定化载体的改进

针对海藻酸钠载体强度低、易分解的缺点,采用添加法和置换法对载体进行改性研究 ,并确定了最佳固定化条件.考察了添加物质的添加量、置换物质的浓度、钙化时间及置换时间对固定化细胞强度的影响.制备得到的固定化细胞采用1%浓度的Al(NO3)3置换,置换时间18h时固定化细胞强度最大.该固定化细胞可进行42d共14批次的酒精发酵.     

固定化细胞技术及其应用

介绍了细胞固定化的方法、常用细胞固定化载体海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇的研究,综述了固定化细胞技术在工业、环境中的应用,并对其发展前景进行展望。      

果胶酶产菌细胞固定化及其产酶研究

介绍产果胶酶的黑曲霉细胞的几种不同的固定化方法，及其所制备的固定化细胞产果胶酶的效果比较。研究比较的结果认为海藻酸钠包埋法和卡拉胶包埋－增殖法作为黑曲霉细胞的两种固定化方法用来制备果胶酶是可行的。     

固定化酶载体的研究进展

作为固定化酶技术的重要组成部分,载体的结构及性能在很大程度上直接影响着固定化酶的催化活性及操作稳定性。综述了近年来国内外有关固定化酶载体材料的研究现状和发展趋势。     

固定化蛋白酶载体研究进展

综述了近年来国内外有关固定化蛋白酶载体研究的新进展,介绍了天然有机物。主要包括：壳聚糖类、海藻酸钠、琼脂糖类;合成有机高分子包括：共聚物、磁性高分子、树脂类;无机材料以及其他改性载体新型载体,提出了这些载体的优缺点,最后对固定化蛋白酶载体的前景做了展望。     

脂肪酶固定化载体材料研究进展

该文综述固定化脂肪酶载体材料研究进展,对固定化用材料发展前景予以展望。     

多层织物的组织设计

多层织物的组织可以通过重复使用双层织物组织图绘制方法，将2个或2个以上的复杂组织复合在一起而求得，多层组织设计的关键在于合理设计连接各层的接结点位置。     

The effect of weave structure on the quality of inkjet polyester printing

In this study, the print quality of lines were investigated in warp and weft directions that were inkjet printed on various weave structures of polyester such as plain, 2/2 twill, 3/1 twill, 3/2 twill and 4/1 twill. In order to study the effect of weave structure on the quality of inkjet printing on polyester fabrics, lines having a width of 1?mm, 2?mm, and 4?mm were inkjet-printed and the print quality was measured as the line width. The quantitative analysis of lines width was performed by scanning the fabrics with a scanner. The obtained result showed that the weave structure is effective on the lines width and print quality, and the plain weave structure had the worst print quality in both directions. Also, the width of lines printed in the weft direction was more than lines printed in the warp direction which is possibly due to more density of warp than weft. The effect of weave structure and print direction on lines width and print quality was also confirmed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) results. The image processing was shown that the ink spreading shape on the various fabrics is different and is affected by the weave structure and the print direction.     

Modeling the effect of weave structure and fabric thread density on the barrier effectiveness of woven surgical gowns

Surgical gowns are the shielding cloths worn by the surgical team throughout a surgery to save them from blood pathogens of the patient being operated, and to avoid bacterial infections. Barrier effectiveness of a fabric depends upon the liquid penetration resistance and pathogen resistance of the fabric. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of different weave structures and fabric thread densities on the barrier effectiveness of the woven surgical gowns. Twelve fabric samples were produced using three different weave structures, i.e. 1/1 plain, 2/2 z-twill, and 3/3 z-twill, and four different fabric constructions and then completed with a water repellent finish. Water repellency spray test and air permeability test were conducted on each of the 12 woven samples. The results of fabric samples were analyzed in Minitab statistical software. The coefficients of determinations (R² values) of the regression equations show good prediction ability of the developed statistical models. The findings of the study may be helpful in deciding appropriate manufacturing specifications of surgical gowns to attain maximum barrier effectiveness.     

几种不同组织结构的衬衫面料保形性研究

根据常见的衬衫面料组织结构,使用JC9.7 tex纱线设计了6种不同组织结构的面料,研究不同组织结构对织物保形性的影响。对面料的保形性(尺寸稳定性、抗折皱性、外观平整度、抗起毛起球性、顶破性、悬垂性)及舒适性(透气、透湿性)进行了测试。结果表明:组织结构对织物的折皱回复角、外观平整度等级、顶破强力、透湿量与透气率有直接影响;织物紧度太大、太小都不利于织物的折皱回复,相同紧度下斜纹组织的抗皱性比平纹好;6种组织结构中2/2斜纹组织抗折皱性最好,2/2方平组织的顶破强力、抗起毛起球等级最高,2/2破斜纹透气、透湿性最好,2/2斜纹组织具有良好的保形性。     

Design of weave patterns: when engineering textiles meets music

This study aims to present a novel approach in creation of new patterns for woven textiles, which is based on musical scores. Such a design method has not been presented in the literature. It is based on the similarity between the music notation and the 2D coding of woven patterns. Theoretical and practical details on application of the design method are discussed. Weave patterns, based on famous musical pieces, are presented together with exemplary color designs. The four ‘musical’ patterns and their color designs could be considered as successful first attempts that open up additional opportunities for design and production of original, unique fabrics.     

Effects of spandex drawing ratio and weave structure on the physical properties of cotton/spandex woven fabrics

In this experimental study, we investigated the effects of spandex filament drawing ratio and weave structures on the properties of cotton/spandex woven fabrics. One-way analysis of variance was used to explore the significant effects of the independent variables on the fabric properties. A regression analysis was also used to derive regression relationships between each of fabric properties and spandex filament drawing ratio. Our findings show that the spandex drawing ratio and structures of the woven fabrics significantly affect the physical and mechanical properties of the cotton/spandex woven fabrics. Cotton woven fabrics containing spandex show higher contraction, crease recovery, and flexural rigidity with increasing spandex drawing ratio, whereas the rest of fabric properties decreases with the increasing drawing ratio. Because of higher contraction and then higher weight, thickness, and cover factor of cotton/spandex fabrics, unexpected results of fabric air permeability and breaking elongation were detected.     

织纹效应的电脑辅助设计及QBASIC编程软件的应用

介绍了利用电脑辅助设计，在ＵＣＤＯＳ／ＱＢＡＳＩＣ的常用软件环境下，通过自编程序快速获得不同组织结构和色纱排列产品的不同织纹效应的方法。在工厂尚未具备专用显示和打印织物纸样的电脑ＣＡＤ系统时，利用此法为设计人员进行整体构思将起到很好的帮助作用。     

Investigation of stretch on air permeability of knitted fabrics part II: effect of fabric structure

The structure of a fabric plays vital role in determining its air permeability. So, the study and comparison of air permeability of various fabric structures have their own significance. A detailed study is carried out here on various fabric structures to understand the effect of fabric structure on air permeability at their dry, wet and fully relaxed states. An automatic fabric stretching device has been designed and fabricated as an attachment with air permeability tester to test the air permeability of fabric samples under dynamic condition for this investigation. It is a fully automatic stretching equipment to stretch the fabric samples as per the preset value. The stretching device can be set with a predetermined degree of fabric stretch either in percentage or in mm and rate of extension also can be preset in mm per minute. From the results, it is clear that fabric structure has explicit impact on air permeability both in the unstretched and stretched states of the samples. Loose fabric structure and porous fabric structure show maximum air permeability under both sedate state and incrementally stretched states and vice versa.     

中国古代织锦重组织结构的特征及其演变规律

为了构建中国古代织锦的重组织结构体系,并为现代织锦的品种创新提供借鉴,以历史文献为依据,梳理了中国古代重组织结构织锦的历史沿革,根据重组织结构的接结特点将其品种划分为暗夹型、无结型、特结型和地结型四大类,并分析了这四大类织锦的结构特征、显花特征及其内在联系。研究发现:中国古代重组织结构织锦的结构演变大致呈现出地组织由无到有、接结特点由无接到特接再到地接、显花特点由经显花到纬显花再到经纬同时显花、浮长由短到长的发展规律;其演变本质是不断优化结构,以改善织锦的性能和外观,使得重组织结构织锦在各个历史时期都是丝绸产品中的代表品种。     

基于ABAQUS的三原组织机织物拉伸力学性能模拟

为更好地了解平纹、斜纹和经面缎纹3种基本组织纯棉机织物抵抗外力拉伸变形的能力,在实际测量织物结构参数的基础上,提出一种评价和预测机织物拉伸性能的方法;借助专业纺织建模软件Texgen建立织物三维细观模型;利用有限元软件ABAQUS,依据织物拉伸环境设置材料属性、相互作用和边界条件等计算模型数值解;通过织物拉伸强力测试实验验证数值模拟结果的有效性。结果表明:平纹织物、斜纹织物和经面缎纹织物拉伸应力、应变模拟结果与实验测试结果差异率均在6%以内;在原料、经纬纱密度和捻度、织物经纬密都相同的条件下,平纹织物抵抗外力变形的能力更强。