蒸发冷却用泡沫陶瓷填料不同流道形式的性能实验

以折线型和直线型两种流道形式的新型泡沫陶瓷填料为研究对象,利用搭建的蒸发冷却实验台,在三种典型工况下,对两种流道形式填料的性能参数进行试验测试与对比分析。结果表明：折线型和直线型流道形式的泡沫陶瓷填料,其最佳淋水密度分别为10.0kg/(m·h)和6.7kg/(m·h);在乌鲁木齐、西安、常州工况下折线型流道形式填料的最佳进口风速分别为1.6、1.4、1.2m/s,直接蒸发冷却效率可达83.01%、70.74%、67.43%;而直线型流道在3种工况下的最佳进口风速均为1.0m/s,直接蒸发冷却效率分别为77.68%、68.56%、64.23%;折线型流道相比于直线型流道而言,不易受风量变化影响,空气进出口温降稳定,更加适用于各种不同风量大小的蒸发冷却空调系统,但同时也需适当考虑风机的功耗问题。     

直接蒸发冷却空调机组应用于高湿度地区的性能测试

为了研究直接蒸发冷却空调机组在浙江某核电站应用的可行性,在与该核电站室外设计条件相似的南通市对一台55 000 m3/h风量的金属填料型直接蒸发冷却空调机组进行性能测试。试验结果表明,直接蒸发冷却空调机组的平均温降为4.1℃,平均冷却效率为91.2%,满足风量和机外余压的要求。这说明直接蒸发冷却空调机组应用于此核电站是可行的。     

直接蒸发冷却通风降温系统在兰州地铁的应用分析

对兰州地铁提出假设模型,针对兰州地区地铁对室内温湿度的要求,分别计算送风状态点、直接蒸发冷却效率、风量等。利用兰州地区的逐时气象参数,计算开启直接蒸发冷却系统的时间及其在夏季空调系统运行时间的占比,并对采用直接蒸发冷却系统和传统机械制冷闭式空调系统2种方案的能耗与经济性进行对比分析。结果表明,兰州地铁非常适合采用直接蒸发冷却通风降温系统,其开启时间占夏季空调运行总时间的41%,运行能耗约为机械制冷的1/2。     

泡沫陶瓷填料直接蒸发冷却换热性能实验研究

介绍了泡沫陶瓷填料的直接蒸发冷却换热性能实验方法,探讨了泡沫陶瓷填料换热效率和过流阻力的影响因素及其影响规律。实验结果表明:新型泡沫陶瓷材料可用作直接蒸发冷却换热填料,其换热效率接近纸质湿帘,高于金属填料,在温室空气调节领域有着广阔的应用前景。     

间接蒸发冷却技术在北京地区数据中心的应用分析

结合北京地区的气候特点,分析了间接蒸发冷却空调在数据中心不同送/回风温度、冷却效率时的切换温度及全年运行时长;通过建立计算模型,计算了对应不同空调送/回风温度、间接冷却效率时的能耗情况,并以某数据中心为例,计算了采用间接蒸发冷却空调和传统空调的初投资、运行费用等;根据计算结果分析,同等冷却效率下,提高空调送回风温度可显著降低全年空调电耗;采用间接蒸发冷却空调比传统空调节省电耗44%。     

两种高效间接蒸发冷却器性能对比与适用性研究

随着我国“双碳”目标的提出,给数据中心冷却领域带来了全新的挑战,间接蒸发冷却技术以其“绿色、高效、适用”等特点成为数据中心主要的冷却方式之一。通过实验测试得出板翅式、板式换热芯体的平均湿球效率分别为64.1%、60.4%,从节能角度出发板翅式换热芯体具有更好的应用前景,为间接蒸发冷却空调设备的开发提供了指导意义。同时计算并预测了在数据中心以新风自然冷却以及间接蒸发冷却为冷源应用于乌鲁木齐市、北京市、广州市的全年运行小时数,板翅式换热芯体为7902h、6306h、2992h,全年占比90.2%、72.0%、34.2%;板式换热芯体为7307h、5911h、2681h,全年占比83.4%、67.5%、30.6%。该研究为不同地区数据中心推广与应用间接蒸发冷却空调提供了参考依据。     

兰州某地铁站直接蒸发冷却设备实测与分析

介绍了兰州某地铁站直接蒸发冷却设备的工程应用实例,通过对地铁站内直接蒸发冷却设备进、出口空气温湿度、送风量、机组耗水量的实际测试,分析出该蒸发冷却设备的蒸发冷却效率、机组制冷量.同时,还对机组蒸发冷却填料存在的干点问题和循环水泵运行能耗高等问题提出了后期的优化措施.通过分析表明,该直接蒸发冷却空调机组的出风效果良好,能...     

直接蒸发冷却空调机性能研究

本文首先分析了影响直接蒸发冷却空调机性能的因素,然后对天然植物纤维填料式直接蒸发冷却空调机性能进行了实验研究,并获得了相关性能曲线.研究结果表明,直接蒸发冷却空调机在我国西北干旱和半干旱地区降温加湿效果很好,完全可以达到舒适性要求,是一种节能的绿色空调.天然植物纤维填料阻力较大,但降温加湿效果更好.     

直接蒸发冷却空调机性能研究

首先分析了影响直接蒸发冷却空调机性能的因素,然后对天然植物纤维填料式直接蒸发冷却空调机性能进行了实验研究,并获得了相关性能曲线。研究结果表明,直接蒸发冷却空调机在我国西北干旱和半干旱地区降温加湿效果很好,完全可以达到舒适性要求,是一种节能的绿色空调;天然植物纤维填料阻力较大,但降温加湿效果更好。     

淋水金属填料的直接蒸发冷却实验研究

本文介绍了一种淋水金属填料的直接蒸发冷却性能研究的实验方法和结果,分析了各种影响直接蒸发冷却效果的因素,指出该种淋水金属填料具有良好的直接蒸发冷却效果,将其应用于空气调节中可大大降低空调能耗,在我国有着广阔的应用前景。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to