酶水解-液相色谱法测定婴幼儿食品中的色氨酸

利用酶解水解法,建立了婴幼儿配方乳粉(以下简称乳粉)和特殊医学用途婴儿配方食品(以下简称为医学食品)中游离和总色氨酸的高效液相色谱检测方法。样品经蛋白酶水解后,经C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm, 3.5μm)分离,以甲醇-0.1%乙酸溶液作为流动相等度洗脱,紫外检测器串联荧光检测器检测,外标法定量。结果表明:在质量浓度为0.2～100μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r2=0.9999)。添加质量分数在100,500,1000 mg/100 g时,色氨酸的回收率介于99.0%～105.3%之间。色氨酸的检出限为1.5 mg/100g,定量限为5 mg/100 g。本方法操作简便,重现性好,可应用于市售乳粉和医学食品中色氨酸含量的测定,填补了检测标准缺失的空白。     

婴幼儿配方食品和乳粉中维生素C的测定

目的建立一种前处理简单、仪器条件稳定、准确高效的婴幼儿配方食品和乳粉中维生素C的检测方法。方法用含有三(2-羧乙基)膦(TCEP)的三氯乙酸(TCA)对样品中的维生素C进行提取,C18柱色谱分离,流动相为含TCEP与癸胺作为离子对试剂和pH 5.4的醋酸钠的混合水溶液,然后在紫外检测器265 nm处进行检测。结果本方法的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.36%~3.2%之间,平均回收率为88.5%~97.9%,线性相关系数r~2大于0.9999。结论本方法实验前处理简单,干扰因素少;仪器条件稳定,灵敏度高,重复性好;适合婴幼儿配方食品和乳粉复杂基质样品的测定。     

同位素内标-高效液相色谱质谱法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中维生素B6和生物素

目的建立同位素内标和高效液相色谱串联质谱法(highperformanceliquidchromatographytandem mass spectrometry, HPLC-MS/MS)同时测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中维生素B_6含量(吡哆醛、吡哆醇和吡哆胺)和B_7(生物素)的分析方法。方法样品加入同位素内标后,使用温水溶解,并用高氯酸沉淀蛋白质,上清液过滤后经HSS T3色谱柱分离,三重四极杆质谱仪检测,内标法定量。结果在最优化条件下,维生素B_6和生物素分别在1.0～100μg/L和0.10～10.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.998;定量限分别为10.0μg/100 g和1.0μg/100g。4种化合物的回收率为86.5%～97.9%,相对标准偏差为3.0%～6.6%。质控样品检测结果表明该方法准确可靠。结论该方法灵敏度高、净化效果好、定量准确,适用于婴幼儿配方乳粉中维生素B_6和维生素B_7的检测。     

高效液相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中的维生素B1、维生素B2

目的建立高效液相色谱法快速测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中的维生素B1、B2的含量。方法样品进行前处理后,采用Waters Xbridge C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)进行分离。以0.05 mol/L乙酸钠溶液-甲醇为流动相等度洗脱,柱温为30℃,流速为1 mL/min,荧光检测器进行检测,外标法定量。结果在优化的实验条件下,维生素B1、维生素B2可以有效分离,线性范围为0.05～1.00μg/mL,相关系数均大于0.999。维生素B1的加标回收率为87.4%～99.1%,相对标准偏差为1.2%～3.06%,检出限为0.03 mg/100 g;维生素B2的加标回收率为90.6%～97.8%,相对标准偏差为0.97%～3.44%,检出限为0.02 mg/100 g。结论此方法简单、快捷、高效,适用于婴幼儿配方乳粉中维生素B1、维生素B2的测定。     

婴幼儿配方乳粉中叶黄素含量测定的研究

目的:研究利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中的叶黄素含量。方法:乳粉样品经水溶解,用含0.1%BHT的丙酮提取所含叶黄素,饱和氯化钠分离丙酮,上清液采用C18色谱柱分离,在445 nm波长下检测。结果:叶黄素在(0.02~0.8)mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.997,以3倍信噪比(S/N3)计方法的检出限为0.016 mg/L。在100、200、300μg/100 g的添加水平下,叶黄素的平均回收率为98.2%~103.9%,RSD为1.25%~2.53%。应用该方法检测了7种市售婴幼儿配方乳粉中的叶黄素含量,结果表明方法简便、准确。结论:此方法适合婴幼儿配方乳粉中叶黄素含量的日常检测。     

特殊医学用途配方食品和婴幼儿配方乳粉中氟含量测定方法的改进

目的对国标方法测定特殊医学用途配方食品和婴幼儿配方乳粉类产品中氟含量测定进行改进。方法样品经Taka淀粉酶酶解,高氯酸溶液沉淀蛋白质,加入总离子强度缓冲剂消除金属干扰离子,过滤后,使用氟离子选择电极测定样品中氟含量。结果与国标法相比,改进方法使测试溶液澄清,电极响应更快,回收率范围为92.8%～107.5%,相对标准偏差为3.36%～4.38%,能满足方法准确度和精密度要求。结论改进后的方法能够满足方法学要求,能够准确地检测特殊医学用途配方食品和婴幼儿配方乳粉类产品中的氟含量。     

内蒙古地区婴幼儿配方乳粉中高氯酸盐与氯酸盐膳食暴露风险评估

目的 了解内蒙古地区婴幼儿配方乳粉中高氯酸盐和氯酸盐的污染水平，评估婴幼儿高氯酸盐和氯酸盐的膳食摄入风险，为指导内蒙古地区婴幼儿健康膳食提供科学依据。方法 采集内蒙古地区市售各段位的婴幼儿配方乳粉539份，乳粉冲调用水（冲调乳粉时可能使用的饮用水）254份，采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）法对婴幼儿配方乳粉、乳粉冲调用水中的高氯酸盐和氯酸盐含量进行检测。以2015年中国婴幼儿食品消费量调查数据中内蒙古地区婴幼儿的消费量数据为依据，采用简单分布评估和累积暴露评估方法计算内蒙古地区婴幼儿配方乳粉中高氯酸盐和氯酸盐的膳食摄入风险。结果 婴幼儿配方乳粉中高氯酸盐的总体检出率为92.39%(498/539)，检测值在未检出～89.30μg/kg，平均值为14.45μg/kg，中位数为9.00μg/kg；氯酸盐的总体检出率为73.10%(394/539)，检测值在未检出～1 061.00μg/kg，平均值为93.25μg/kg，中位数为45.50μg/kg。乳粉冲调用水中高氯酸盐的总体检出率为67.32%(171/254)，检测值在未检出～26.59μg/L，平均值为1.25μ...     

我国婴幼儿配方乳粉的营养素分布

目的对我国婴幼儿配方乳粉产品的营养素进行统计分析,为相关营养和产品研究提供参考。方法选取获注册的1195个婴幼儿配方乳粉产品,分析其营养素分布情况。结果我国婴幼儿配方乳粉的能量集中在2000～2100 kJ/100 g, 1段配方蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物含量集中在10.5～12.0 g/100 g、23.7～28.1 g/100 g和50.8～58.0g/100g,供能比近似1:4.5:4.5;2、3段配方蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物含量基本集中在13.8～19.2 g/100 g、16.9～25.6 g/100 g和48.7～58.6 g/100 g,供能比近似1:2.9:3.1;同适用年龄段配方的维生素和矿物质指标差异比较大, 2、3段配方的维生素和矿物质差异比较接近;超过80%的配方会选择5～11种营养强化成分。结论婴幼儿配方乳粉产品的营养素分布差异性较大,考虑产品推荐摄入量的差异,婴幼儿摄入的营养素具有较大差异,可跟踪评价这种差异对婴幼儿生长发育的影响。     

高效液相检测婴儿配方乳粉中的维雏生素B12

目的:建立婴儿配方乳粉中维生素B12的高效液相测定方法.方法:采用BDS HYPERSIL C18柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),以水-乙腈为流动相;流速0.25mL/min,检测波长361am.结果:维生素B12的检出限为20ng/mL,线性范围在0.0506～3.23841μg/mL,回收率在92.23%～96.68%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.04%.结论:本方法快捷准确,适用于婴儿配方乳粉中添加的维生素B.2的测定.     

分子荧光光谱法检测氨基酸配方和蛋白质水解配方特殊医学用途配方食品中的维生素C含量

目的优化前处理方法提取氨基酸配方和蛋白质水解配方特殊医学用途配方食品中的维生素C,幵采用分子荧光光谱法进行测定。方法通过氧化后的维生素C与邻苯二胺反应生成荧光物质,利用分子荧光光谱进行外标法定量,考察了含有不同乙醇浓度的偏磷酸-乙酸溶液A前处理方法的方法学参数,同时在不同基质的样品中对确定的最佳前处理方法进行了实验验证。结果采用50%乙醇-偏磷酸-乙酸溶液A提取的前处理方法能够有效沉淀氨基酸和多肽,所得处理液易于过滤且滤液澄清。样品在10 mg/100 g、50 mg/100 g和100mg/100g添加水平的加标回收率为90.7%～96.8%,相对标准偏差为2.73%～3.66%。结论 50%乙醇-偏磷酸-乙酸溶液A的前处理方法快速、准确、灵敏,适用于批量测定氨基酸配方和蛋白质水解配方特殊医学用途配方食品中维生素C。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the