拉曼光谱技术的应用现状

随着科学技术的发展进步,拉曼光谱技术为各行业的发展提供了更多的分子结构方面的信息。本文论述了拉曼光谱技术在石油生产、环境污染物检测、无损分析中的应用,以及拉曼光谱与化学计量学的结合应用。并对拉曼光谱应用研究前景做了展望。     

显微拉曼光谱技术的应用进展

对显微拉曼光谱技术在生物化学及药物生物学方面的应用进行了讨论。     

探究拉曼光谱合成技术及其在甲醇汽油分析中的应用

为了突破拉曼光谱在分析方面应用的局限性,本文提出一种拉曼光谱合成技术,主要利用了拉曼光谱现行叠加原理,从而解决了拉曼光谱在建模过程中,难以获得实验数据等。     

拉曼光谱的发展及应用

本文阐述了拉曼光谱产生的基本原理;介绍了拉曼光谱的发现、发展过程;讨论了表面增强拉曼光谱技术、高温拉曼光谱技术、共振拉曼光谱技术、共焦显微拉曼光谱技术和近年来在不同领域的应用及研究新进展.     

拉曼光谱技术在煤分析中的应用进展

拉曼光谱对碳材料的结构有序状态非常敏感,是表征碳材料常用的技术之一。煤是一种由多种官能团和化学键组成的复杂的有机大分子,具有高碳物质的特征,因此,拉曼光谱在煤的结构分析中有广泛应用,同时煤结构的分析对煤炭的高效清洁利用具有重要意义。介绍了煤的组成和结构,综述了拉曼光谱在煤的结构分析、煤的热解和气化等研究中的应用,并对原位拉曼光谱和联用技术等在煤化工领域的应用前景进行了展望。     

煤及其热解过程中微观结构的光谱学研究进展

介绍了利用现代仪器光谱学技术对煤微观结构研究的方法,综述了利用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、拉曼光谱(Raman)等现代仪器光谱技术在煤微观结构的分析、煤的热解过程及其热解后产物的微观结构分析的研究现状,分析了煤微观结构的变化对煤的性质及其热解过程中性质变化的影响,展望了现代分析仪器在煤化工领域的应用前景。     

对叔丁基苯基五唑及其分解产物的结构识别

综合运用光谱和波谱技术确定了对叔丁基苯基五唑及其分解产物的结构,利用低温拉曼光谱和低温氮谱核磁共振技术,获得了五唑环的拉曼光谱和核磁共振氮谱。同时利用质谱和红外光谱对其分解产物进行了分析,推测分解产物为对叔丁基苯基叠氮。解决了五唑阴离子全氮化合物难以表征的问题。     

表面增强拉曼光谱定量分析技术几种方法的探讨

表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术增强了拉曼光谱的检测信号和灵敏度,拓宽了拉曼光谱在实际中的应用范围.因SERS技术具有现场快速分析等优点,被应用于农药、医药、环境、食品等领域的定量检测.但SERS在实际分析过程中,存在再现性欠佳、信号易受实验测试条件和基底干扰等因素而限制了其发展,其定量分析技术仍亟待提高和完善.阐述了...     

几种塑料的拉曼光谱检测

应用拉曼光谱技术,对食品包装用几大类塑料材料进行了检测和分析.获得了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚碳酸酯的标准拉曼光谱.通过将实际检测样品和数据库中标准拉曼光谱的对比,可以快速准确地鉴定出检测样品的种类.同时该技术具有对检测样品无损和直接检测的优点.     

免疫算法在重叠拉曼谱峰中的应用

拉曼光谱及其联用技术的快速发展使其成为复杂样品分析的重要手段,但由于环境的复杂性以及拉曼光谱信号的特点,在复杂样品分析中难免会出现一些重叠谱峰。为此,采用小波变换扣除原始信号中的荧光背景得到有用信号,并基于免疫算法将该方法对重叠拉曼光谱谱峰信号进行解析。结果表明：该方法可以准确地将重叠拉曼光谱谱峰信号进行分离,并且同时得到了各组分的定量信息,绝对误差在2%之内。     

Raman spectroscopy as process analytical tool in downstream processing of biotechnology

Downstream processing or product recovery plays a vital role in the development of bioprocesses. To improve the bioprocess efficiency, some unconventional methods are much required. The continuous manufacturing in downstream processing makes the Process Analytical Technologies (PATs) as an important tool. Monitoring and controlling bioprocess are an essential factor for the principles of PAT and quality by design. Spectroscopic methods can apply to monitor multiple analytes in real-time with less sample processing with significant advancements. Raman spectroscopy is an extensively used technique as an analytical and research tool owing to its modest process form, non-destructive, non-invasive optical molecular spectroscopic imaging with computer-based analysis. Generally, its application is essential for the analysis and characterization of biological samples, and it is easy to operate with minimal sample. The innovation on various types of enhanced Raman spectroscopy was designed to enhance the Raman analytical technique. Raman spectroscopy could couple with chemometrics to provide reliable alternative analysis method of downstream process analysis. Thus, this review aims to provide useful insight on the application of Raman spectroscopy for PAT in downstream processing of biotechnology and Raman data analysis in biological fields.     

傅里叶变换拉曼光谱及其在橡胶分析中的应用

简介了傅里叶变换拉曼光谱（ＦＴ－Ｒａｍａｎ）仪的结构及特点，综述了ＦＴ－Ｒａｍａｎ在橡胶及其相关材料分析中的应用。     

In situ Raman spectroscopic–electrochemical studies of lithium-ion battery materials: a historical overview

In this review, the recent advances in the development of in situ Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques and their application for the study of lithium-ion batteries are revisited. It is demonstrated that, during a relatively short period of time (1995–2013), the spectroelectrochemical techniques used for the investigation of battery components, benefited directly from the tremendous advances of Raman technology. The most important step was the implementation of confocal Raman microscopy in the battery research, which opened the way to new and more sophisticated applications. This review shows how the discovery of new Raman techniques such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, spatially offset Raman spectroscopy as well as the integration of Raman spectrometers into non-optical microscopes, for example AFM and SEM, allowed to perform two or more analytical techniques on the same sample region, with an exceptionally high resolution. All these progresses led to new insights into battery materials and components such as electrodes and electrolytes, and helped to understand the electrode/electrolyte interface phenomena. This enhanced understanding allowed a deeper insight into important phenomena, as e.g., battery aging and the dynamic nature of the solid electrolyte interfaces in lithium batteries. The high relevance of the information provided by these techniques in the progress of battery modeling is another positive contribution. Another area of high practical significance for the battery field is the screening of electrode materials, which is facilitated by the availability of the data provided by spectroscopic methods.     

Preparation of hollow magnetite microspheres and their applications as drugs carriers

ABSTRACT: Hollow magnetite microspheres have been synthesized by a simple process through a template-free hydrothermal approach. Hollow microspheres were surface modified by coating with a silica nanolayer. Pristine and modified hollow microparticles were characterized by field-emission electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy, and VSM magnetometry. The potential application of the modified hollow magnetite microspheres as a drug carrier was evaluated by using Rhodamine B and methotrexate as model drugs. The loading and release kinetics of both molecules showed a clear pH and temperature dependent profile. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: Hollow magnetite microspheres have been synthesized. Load-release experiments with Rhodamine-B as a model drug and with Methotrexate (chemotherapy drug used in treating certain types of cancer) demonstrated the potential applications of these nanostructures in biomedical applications.     

用于硅酸盐熔体微结构研究的高温Ramam光谱技术

硅酸盐熔体微结构通常在熔态下进行实验研究，而不是采用淬冷物质或玻璃样品的间接研究方法。为此比较了当前若干微结构测试方法用于高温的可能性，方法的特点，适用范围和缺陷。此处介绍一种高温Raman光谱技术，它配备了显微热台，实现了高温达1623K的共焦显微Raman；并采用了光谱信号的时间分辨检测技术，实现了可达2023K温度下的宏观Raman，拓展了Raman光谱研究高温物质结构的应用。通过对硅酸盐等熔体的Raman光谱测定和相关淬冷玻璃光谱的比较研究，表明高温Raman光谱是实时和原位研究熔体微结构的有效实验方法，同时探讨了将电荷耦合探测技术引入高温Raman光谱技术的可行性。     

在线拉曼分析仪的研制及其在PX装置中的应用

针对石化企业PX装置在线分析存在的问题,系统地介绍在线拉曼光谱分析仪RS-6130的工作原理、系统组成与现场应用情况。实际投运结果表明:该仪表具有分析速度快、精度高、结果可靠及维护工作量少等优势,其主要技术指标已达到国际先进水平。     

Electroactive Silk Fibroin Films for Electrochemically Enhanced Delivery of Drugs

Biomaterials capable of controlling the delivery of drugs have the potential to treat a variety of conditions. Herein, the preparation of electrically conductive silk fibroin film‐based drug delivery devices is described. Casting aqueous solutions of Bombyx mori silk fibroin, followed by drying and annealing to impart β‐sheets to the silk fibroin, assure that the materials are stable for further processing in water; and the silk fibroin films are rendered conductive by generating an interpenetrating network of a copolymer of pyrrole and 3‐amino‐4‐hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid in the silk fibroin matrix (characterized by a variety of techniques including circular dichroism, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman spectroscopy, resistance measurements, scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy). Fibroblasts adhere on the surface of the biomaterials (viability assessed using an (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and visualized using a confocal microscope), and a fluorescently labeled drug (Texas‐Red Gentamicin) can be loaded electrochemically and released (µg cm^?2 quantities) in response to the application of an electrical stimulus.     

过程分析技术在晶体多晶型研究中的应用

过程分析技术（PAT）因其具有"可以实时测量体系中各种参数变化来实现过程开发、优化、设计、分析和调控"的优点,而被广泛应用于工业生产和过程监测中。针对近年来PAT技术在工业结晶领域的应用,在对几种常用PAT技术的工作原理进行介绍的基础上,重点阐述了过程拉曼光谱（Raman）、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）、聚光束反射测量仪（FBRM）和粒子影像测量系统（PVM）在工业结晶过程中多晶型溶解度的测量、多晶型成核以及多晶型转晶方面的应用。上述PAT技术在结晶过程中的应用,有助于进一步了解结晶过程机理,进而有助于指导工业结晶过程的开发、优化、设计和放大。     

Synthesis,characterization, and drug release properties of macroporous dual stimuli responsive stereo regular nanocomposites gels of poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-isopropylacrylamide) and graphene oxide

Nanocomposite stereoregular hybrid gels of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) were prepared in 1:1 methanol–water mixture in the presence rare earth yttrium trifluoromethanesulfonate Lewis acid and graphene oxide (GO). The nanocomposite gels were characterized by swelling ratio measurements at different temperatures and different pH, deswelling kinetics, scanning electrone microscopy, FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis, powder XRD, Raman spectroscopy, LCST measurement by DSC etc. Drug release experiments also done by using tramadol hydrochloride as a model drug to check their suitability in application. All results were explained on the basis of porosity, cononsolvency of the synthesis solvents, hydrophilicity, isotacticity, pH effect, interactions between solvents and polymer molecules, interactions between polymer and GO or interactions between GO and solvents etc.