UL臭氧测试房设计建造几个关键技术要点

因空气污染日趋严重,市场对空气净化器需求也越来越大.目前空气净化器洁净空气主要原理是靠负离子技术来实现的,同时副作用也产生臭氧.臭氧虽对细菌有杀灭作用,但其浓度过高是对人体有危害.国内生产的空气净化器除要进行性能及能效测试,还必须进行臭氧安全浓度检测才能进入美国市场.臭氧安全浓度检测的主要平台就是臭氧测试房.该文就是根据实践中经验,分享设计建造UL臭氧测试房的关键技术要点.     

复印室内臭氧危害及其防护措施研究

复印室办公设备工作过程中会产生臭氧,影响室内空气品质。阐述了臭氧以及臭氧氧化反应产生的二次污染对工作人员的危害,综合比较几种消除臭氧的方法,得出催化分解法更适合在复印室内使用。     

北京地区大气臭氧与氮氧化物测量分析

高层大气臭氧能够吸收紫外线保护地球生物,但是低空和近地面臭氧却是危害人类健康和动植物生长的污染气体.氮氧化物也是空气中的污染气体,臭氧和氮氧化物可以相互转化,研究二者的变化关系具有重要意义.2011年12月利用EC9810A臭氧分析仪和EC9841氮氧化物分析仪,在北京中国环境科学研究院进行测量,得到了臭氧和氮氧化物的变化特征,分析结果表明臭氧和氮氧化物具有日变化特征,白天臭氧浓度呈现先上升后下降的趋势,夜里比较平稳;氮氧化物与臭氧变化趋势呈负相关,白天浓度先下降后升高,夜间浓度大于白天;臭氧的变化与气象条件有关,在晴天上升较快,峰值大,阴天上升慢,峰值小;臭氧的含量还具有明显的季节特征,春季的浓度要比冬季的浓度高.氮氧化物的变化与人们的生活关系密切,汽车尾气等废气的排放是导致氮氧化物含量升高的重要原因.同时利用中科院安徽光机所研制的AML-3车载激光雷达测量了臭氧在白天垂直高度上的分布,在500～1000m高度上臭氧的平均含量变化与分析仪测量趋势比较一致.     

太阳能臭氧杀虫装置在温室大棚中的应用

随着生态环境的恶化，病虫害越来越猖狂，农药的使用给食品安全造成了威胁，同时又给环境带来了严重的污染。社会的进步和人民生活水平的提高，使得人们对绿色无公害农产品的需求欲望越来越强烈。开发利用新型环保节能型病虫害防治技术已经越来越重要。温室大棚太阳能臭氧杀虫喷淋装置的杀虫功效来源于臭氧，臭氧作为一种强氧化剂，其优点有杀虫效果好、杀虫速度快，而且对环境无任何污染，是有效的无危害杀虫剂。另外，随着能源危机和环境恶化日益加剧，人们越来越关注环境保护和新能源技术的发展。该装置利用太阳能吸收太阳光转化为电能为整个装置提供动力，既节约能源，又能保护环境。     

打印店内臭氧扩散规律的数值模拟研究

近年来打印设备的广泛应用使得室内会持续产生大量臭氧,危害人员健康。利用Fluent软件对某打印店进行数值模拟,研究打印设备工作时释放的臭氧扩散规律,并分析不同通风方式对臭氧扩散转移的影响。结果得出自然通风对臭氧浓度的控制效果较差。相比而言,机械通风除污效果更好,但仍需考虑气流组织的合理化设计。     

煤气保安器

煤气保安器胡文达冬天用煤在室内烤火取暖时，若通风不好，过量的煤气会造成严重后果。本文介绍的煤气保安器，可在室内的煤气超过一定量时自动工作，将煤气消除，使室内的人免受煤气的危害。工作原理我们知道，臭氧Ｏ３是一种氧化性很强的还原剂，而一氧化碳ＣＯ却是一种...     

合肥和邢台近地面臭氧浓度日变化个例分析

近地面臭氧污染日趋严重,对人类健康和动植物生长有显著危害。对合肥和邢台两地近地面臭氧结果进行了对比分析。2003~2004年期间合肥地区臭氧浓度日变化呈现较明显的早、中、晚“三峰型”结构;2016年5~6月观测期间邢台臭氧日变化主要呈现早、中“双峰”型结构。合肥臭氧观测站周围被树木环绕,水库包围,植物释放的挥发性有机物引发的光化学反应不容忽视; 陆地和水面之间形成的湖陆风下沉气流是形成早晚次峰的主要原因。邢台属于复合型污染地区,臭氧浓度分析应综合考虑污染源、臭氧前体物成分、气象条件、地理位置等因素。合肥地区数据研究表明,强太阳辐射、温度较高、相对湿度较低的天气有利于臭氧生成。     

新型臭氧发生器件及其应用

<正> 国内通常使用的臭氧发生器件有尖端放电臭氧发生器与玻璃管式臭氧发生管两类。就实际使用效果来看,尖端放电臭气发生器具有产生臭氧量小、实际寿命短等缺点。每小时能产生100毫克臭氧的玻璃管式臭氧发生器(需多个臭氧发生管并联工作)体积较大,故其应用受到很大局限。 新型臭氧发生器件 本文介绍的新型臭氧发生器件为一种陶瓷片状器件,电极间的距离仅半毫米,其工作原理也是电晕放电。与玻璃管式臭氧发生器相     

适应新型封装的珠顶密封技术

随着电子技术的不断发展，以及电子元器件专业化和市场化的进一步细分，现在对珠顶密封(globtop encapsulation)技术的需求已越来越多，尤其是对于采用直接贴装的芯片，像板上芯片，显得尤为重要。珠顶密封技术不仅可以隔绝引线键合的IC芯片免受潮湿、臭氧、紫外线辐射和腐蚀的危害，还能对脆性的引线键合提供冲击、弯曲、振     

冰箱用臭氧杀菌除臭保鲜器

在距离地面１５～２５公里的高空，因受太阳紫外线照射的结果，形成了包围在地球外围空间的臭氧层，它是人类生命的保护伞，为此臭氧为人们熟知。人类发现臭氧已有一百多年的历史了。臭氧Ｏ３是氧气Ｏ２的同素异性体，其氧化力很强，它主要用于以下几个方面：１．杀菌消毒：臭氧是广谱、高效、快速杀菌剂；它对于使人和动物致病的细菌病毒和微生物有很强的杀灭作用。其杀菌效果与氧乙酸相当，强于甲醛，杀菌力比氯高一倍，灭菌速度比氯快６００－３０００倍，甚至在几秒钟内杀死细菌。当臭氧溶于水中，其杀菌力更强、更快。一般消毒剂的消毒…     

Optical Path Length,Temperature, and Wavelength Effects Simulation on Ozone Gas Absorption Cross Sections towards Green Communications

Ozone is a green house gas. Ozone absorption cross sections have been reported with discrepancies and inconsistencies. In this paper, simultaneous effects of the optical path length and temperature variations on ozone gas absorption cross sections are investigated at different wavelengths. HITRAN 2012, the latest available line list on spectralcalc.com simulator, is used in this study to simulate ozone gas absorption cross sections in relation to the simultaneous effects of the optical path length and temperature at the wavelengths of 603 nm and 575 nm. Results obtained for gas cells with the optical path length from 10 cm to 120 cm show that the decrease in temperatures from 313 K to 103 K results in the increase in ozone gas absorption cross sections. At wavelengths of 603 nm and 575 nm, the percentage increase of ozone gas absorption cross sections is 1.22% and 0.71%, respectively. Results obtained in this study show that in the visible spectrum, at constant pressure, ozone gas absorption cross sections are dependent on the temperature and wavelength but do not depend on the optical path length. Analysis in this work addresses discrepancies in ozone gas absorption cross sections in relation to the temperature in the visible spectrum; thus, the results can be applied to get optimal configuration of high accuracy ozone gas sensors.     

合肥上空大气臭氧垂直分布特征分析

利用中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所自行研制的L625紫外差分吸收激光雷达在合肥进行了长期的观测,对L625差分吸收激光雷达在1996～2009年观测的大气臭氧数据进行了分析,并与AURA卫星的观测数据进行了对比,得到了合肥上空大气臭氧月、季平均垂直分布的特征,初步给出合肥上空平流层臭氧的变化趋势.     

综述：无声放电臭氧发生器的研究进展

臭氧在水处理，空气净化，器具消毒等多方面具有广泛应用。而工业上应用最为广泛的具合成方法是无声放电法。     

Dho_3l型高浓度臭氧水溶液产生设备

随着超大规模集成电路的发展,高浓度臭氧水溶液产生设备成为硅片清洗的关键设备。因此大连海事大学环境工程研究所研制成功国内首台dho3l系列高浓度臭氧水溶液设备,它的臭氧水浓度达到20～30 mg/L。该设备采用强电场电离放电方法,将O2和H2O电离成高浓度氧活性粒子O2+、O3、O(1D)、O(3P)和引发剂HO2–,在引发剂HO2–作用下,O3与H2O生成高浓度臭氧水溶液。它具有臭氧水浓度高、自动化程度高、能耗低、体积小、高性价比等特点,并着重阐述了该设备的技术先进性及性能指标。     

Total ozone from the ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) using the DOAS technique

This paper describes the algorithm for deriving the total column ozone from spectral radiances and irradiances measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the Earth Observing System Aura satellite. The algorithm is based on the differential optical absorption spectroscopy technique. The main characteristics of the algorithm as well as an error analysis are described. The algorithm has been successfully applied to the first available OMI data. First comparisons with ground-based instruments are very encouraging and clearly show the potential of the method.     

Highly concentrated ozone gas supplied at an atmospheric pressure condition as a new oxidizing reagent for the formation of SiO2 thin film on Si

We have investigated the characteristics of silicon oxidation by concentrated ozone gas through the comparison of the oxidation by oxygen molecules. A sophisticated high-concentration ozone generator, which exploits the ozone/oxygen gas separation technique with silica gel, has been developed for the study. The generator can continuously supply ozone-oxygen mixtures with ozone concentrations up to 30 at.% at one atmospheric pressure. Ozone gas with a concentration of 25 at.% from the generator formed SiO₂ films as thick as 2 nm and 6 nm on Si for a 30 min. exposure at 200°C and 600°C, respectively. On the other hand, oxygen gas by itself could form SiO₂ films with only 1 nm and 3 nm thickness, respectively, at the same conditions. Moreover, in the oxide film formation at 600°C, the oxide film growth by ozone was proceeded with an oxidation time in excess of 240 min., while it saturated within very short time in the oxidation by oxygen. These phenomena verify the strong oxidation power of ozone. In addition, we confirmed that the growth rate of the silicon oxide with ozone dramatically changed when the substrate temperature was over 500°C, and this suggested the change of oxidation mechanism at this point. However, such a characteristic was not found in oxidation with oxygen.     

Total ozone mapping by integrating databases from remote sensing instruments and empirical models

Atmospheric studies often require the generation of high-resolution maps of ozone distribution across space and time. The high natural variability of ozone concentrations and the different levels of accuracy of the algorithms used to generate data from remote sensing instruments introduce major sources of uncertainty in ozone modeling and mapping. These aspects of atmospheric ozone distribution cannot be confronted satisfactorily by means of conventional interpolation and statistical data analysis. We suggest that the techniques of Modern Spatiotemporal Geostatistics (MSG) can be used efficiently to integrate salient (although of varying uncertainty) physical knowledge bases about atmospheric ozone in order to generate and update realistic pictures of ozone distribution across space and time. The MSG techniques rely on a powerful scientific methodology that does not make the restrictive modeling assumptions of previous techniques. A numerical study is discussed involving datasets generated by measuring instruments onboard the Nimbus 7 satellite. In addition to exact (hard) ozone data, the MSG techniques process uncertain measurements and secondary (soft) information in terms of total ozone-tropopause pressure empirical relationships. Nonlinear estimators are used, in general, and non-Gaussian probability laws are automatically incorporated. The proposed total ozone analysis can take into consideration major sources of error in the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer solar backscatter ultraviolet tropospheric ozone residual (related to data sampling, etc.) and produce high spatial resolution maps that are more accurate and informative than those obtained by conventional interpolation techniques.     

Retrieval of Total Column Ozone From Imagers Onboard Geostationary Satellites

Geostationary imagers such as the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) proposed for the next generation of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOESs), i.e., GOES Series R and beyond, and the spinning enhanced visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) onboard METEOSAT 8 provide atmospheric total column ozone (TCO) with high temporal (better than 15 min) and spatial (better than 5 km) resolutions. The purpose of this paper is to present a method that evolved from the current GOES sounder TCO retrieval that can be applied to ABI, with SEVIRI serving as a proxy for ABI. Although ABI and SEVIRI have fewer infrared spectral bands than the current series of GOES (-8 to -P) sounders, ABI and SEVIRI can provide TCO with an accuracy that is comparable to the current GOES sounder by using forecast temperature profiles as additional a priori information. Despite the need for additional data, the greatest advantage of ABI and SEVIRI is their fast 15-min coverage of the full disk. The SEVIRI TCO demonstrates how well geostationary imagers can capture ozone transport and change at high temporal and spatial resolutions. The estimated TCO has very good agreement (R = 0.92 and root-mean-square error = 3.7%) with the total ozone measurements from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) onboard the Earth Observing System aura platform.     

Band residual difference algorithm for retrieval of SO/sub 2/ from the aura ozone monitoring instrument (OMI)

The Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on EOS/Aura offers unprecedented spatial and spectral resolution, coupled with global coverage, for space-based UV measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO/sub 2/). This paper describes an OMI SO/sub 2/ algorithm (the band residual difference) that uses calibrated residuals at SO/sub 2/ absorption band centers produced by the NASA operational ozone algorithm (OMTO3). By using optimum wavelengths for retrieval of SO/sub 2/, the retrieval sensitivity is improved over NASA predecessor Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) by factors of 10 to 20, depending on location. The ground footprint of OMI is eight times smaller than TOMS. These factors produce two orders of magnitude improvement in the minimum detectable mass of SO/sub 2/. Thus, the diffuse boundaries of volcanic clouds can be imaged better and the clouds can be tracked longer. More significantly, the improved sensitivity now permits daily global measurement of passive volcanic degassing of SO/sub 2/ and of heavy anthropogenic SO/sub 2/ pollution to provide new information on the relative importance of these sources for climate studies.