高压磨料水射流切割玻璃纤维增强塑料的试验研究

对玻璃纤维增强塑料的水射流切割工艺进行了试验研究。分析了进给速度、压力、磨料流量、靶距4个主要工艺参数对切割效率、切割断面粗糙度、切缝宽度和断面斜度的影响关系。通过极差分析法确定了最优的工艺参数组合;借用Matlab编程软件对正交试验数据进行非线性多元回归分析,得到磨料水射流切割效率和切割断面粗糙度的工艺参数经验模型。     

碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料水导激光切割损伤机理研究

碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)复合材料在水导激光加工后,切缝表面和横截面存在热损伤,这些损伤是影响材料力学性能、降低材料服役性能的重要因素。针对该问题,采用试验方法分析了加工参数对沟槽几何形貌和表面形貌的影响规律,研究了沟槽表面和横截面的热损伤形成机理。研究结果表明：高激光功率、低脉冲频率和低切割速度可有效增大沟槽深度;激光与材料的相互作用和水射流的冲刷作用是形成沟槽表面热损伤的主要原因。在2 mm厚CFRP切割试验中发现：横截面热影响区宽度与纤维排布方向有关,0°碳纤维热影响区宽度最大,45°和135°碳纤维热影响区宽度次之且宽度相近,90°碳纤维热影响宽度最小;另外,提高水射流速度有利于抑制热影响区的扩展,水射流速度由80 m/s提高至120 m/s,最大热影响宽度缩小35.7%。     

YAG激光切割不锈钢切缝宽度影响因素分析

采用YAG激光对厚度为1 mm的1Gr17Mn6Ni5N薄钢板进行切割试验,通过正交试验设计的直观分析法和方差分析法对上下切缝宽度试验数据进行处理,系统地分析了激光功率、脉冲宽度、重复频率各参数对激光切割薄钢板的上下切缝宽度的影响规律,为激光切割加工时工艺参数的选取提供了依据。     

磨料水射流二次逆向切割对断面质量的提升研究

针对磨料水射流切割过程中存在的拖尾余纹、切缝锥度和切割留尾问题，基于磨料水射流切割理论，设计了3组不同因素组合下的单次正向切割、单次1/2速度正向切割和二次逆向切割试验，探讨了3种不同切割方式下的断面形貌产生机理，并对试验结果进行对比分析。结果表明，二次逆向切割可降低表面粗糙度约52%~85%，可降低切缝锥度约66%~72%，同时可消除切割留尾。因此，高压磨料水射流采用二次逆向切割的方式可以显著提高磨料水射流切割工件的断面质量。     

低压水射流辅助激光刻蚀加工多晶硅工艺参数的优化

利用低压水射流辅助激光刻蚀加工技术对多晶硅进行刻蚀加工,通过正交试验分析了激光脉宽、频率、输入电流和水射流速度对加工表面质量的影响,得到了最终优化工艺参数。结果表明:最终优化工艺参数为低压水射流速度24m·s~(-1)、激光脉宽1.1ms、频率40Hz、电流180A,此时槽体截面锥度、表面粗糙度、截面深度分别为1.2°,2.63μm,1.88mm,槽体表面质量较好,边缘无开裂、无熔渣、无重铸层等缺陷。     

板材激光切割表面质量影响因素的实验研究

激光切割以其切割范围广、速度高、切缝窄、热影响区小、加工柔性好等优点而广泛应用于各种加工领域,是激光加工中发展最为成熟的一种技术.基于激光切割理论,依靠大量实验完成了对激光切割工艺参数的优化.对影响激光切割表面质量的主要因素,如工作气体,激光功率,光斑模式,辅助气体,离焦量及扫描速度进行分析对比,以切口的表面粗糙度作为衡量的指标,总结出该实验材料的最优工艺参数.     

工艺参数对不锈钢薄板激光切割质量的影响

采用YAG脉冲激光切割机对1 mm厚的304不锈钢薄板进行了切割试验,通过正交试验方法,研究了激光切割工艺参数对切口表面的宏观形貌、切缝宽度和端面粗糙度的影响规律,并对激光切割工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明:随着电流增大,切口下表面挂渣量增大;随着电流、脉宽和频率的增大,切缝宽度均增大;随着脉宽的增大,端面粗糙度迅速增大,随着电流、频率和切割速度的增大,端面粗糙度先减小后增大。根据正交试验结果分析,激光切割1 mm厚的304不锈钢板的最佳工艺参数为电流120 A,脉宽0.5 ms,脉冲频率100Hz,切割速度300 mm/min。     

激光切割高速飞行器尾翼的基础工艺试验研究

为提高高速飞行器尾翼的加工效率,用激光切割工艺代替传统的电火花线切割工艺,以不同厚度的Q235钢板为切割对象,在不同参数组合下开展了尾翼激光切割加工试验。重点研究了激光切割速度v、氧气辅助气压P等关键工艺参数对尾翼表面粗糙度和表面形貌的影响规律,并得出上述工艺参数对不同厚度尾翼切割质量的影响规律。结果表明:切缝表面质量随切割速度与辅助气压的增大呈先升高后降低的趋势,随着钢板厚度的增大,其最佳切割速度变小,辅助气压无明显变化,加工工艺参数可调区间变小。     

基于磨料水射流的氧化锆陶瓷切割研究

为了保证工程陶瓷类硬脆材料在达到一定切割质量的同时最大程度地提升切割效率,以射流压力、靶距、横移速度和切割次数为变量,基于田口试验设计方法,设计了磨料水射流切割氧化锆陶瓷的正交试验。利用白光干涉仪测量切口表面形貌,利用Minitab软件统计试验数据并进行分析,探究射流压力、靶距、横移速度和切割次数四项工艺参数对切口锥度和切口深度的影响规律,并在此基础上针对切割质量与切割效率探究最优的工艺组合。工艺参数对切口锥度、切口深度影响程度的主次顺序为横移速度>射流压力>切割次数>靶距,工艺参数对质量—效率综合影响程度的主次顺序为射流压力>横移速度>切割次数>靶距。综合分析切割质量与切割效率,得到最优工艺参数组合：射流压力300MPa,靶距2～10mm,横移速度100mm/min,切割次数1次。磨料水射流对工程陶瓷具有良好的切割效果,研究结果为陶瓷类硬脆材料切割质量与切割效率的提升提供工艺参数选择依据,具有一定的理论意义和工程实际应用价值。     

双层碳纤维复合板材激光切割试验研究

在单层碳纤维复合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics,CFRP)板材激光切割试验与模拟的基础上,针对双层多角度碳纤维复合材料板材的激光切割质量问题,开展了光纤激光切割双层CFRP板材工艺试验,通过超景深显微观测研究了多种双层CFRP碳纤维铺设方向以及激光功率对切割质量的影响,从切缝宽度与锥角、层间热影响区分布以及裂纹产生等表征切割质量的参数变化规律中,找到改善切割区域质量,减小热影响区的同时减少裂纹产生的方法。结果表明,90°-0°以及45°-0°两种板材上下表面形成的切缝宽度差值最小,可达1.70μm。热影响区宽度随激光扫描方向与碳纤维铺设方向夹角减小而减小。热影响区边界在双层结合面间根据碳纤维角度变化发生突变,0°与90°结合面处突变最大为43.1%,且随功率降低,突变值也线性降低。45°层和90°层会产生由切割表面延伸至内部的裂纹,90°层裂纹最长最深。激光功率由60 W降低至15 W时,裂纹由316.2μm减小至149.6μm。综合双层CFRP激光切割的试验研究为改善多层纤维整板激光切割质量及研究提供试验依据。     

Cutting thin sheet metal with a water jet guided laser using various cutting distances, feed speeds and angles of incidence

This research deals with the cutting of thin sheet metals at various distances, feed speeds and angles of incidence using a water jet guided laser. In the water jet guided laser process a laser beam is focused into a jet of water, which transmits the beam to the workpiece. This eliminates the need for any focus control. Nevertheless, most of its applications are in planar cutting where this advantage is not utilized. For the laser parameters, jet pressure and diameter in question, the value of 50 mm was found to be a fairly reliable upper limit to the cutting distance for both normal and inclined surfaces. In addition to the laser beam being absorbed partially by the water jet, the jet was found to be susceptible to disturbances. Specimen vibration caused by the water jet also impeded cutting a continuous kerf.     

The optimal cutting times of multipass abrasive water jet cutting

Cutting is one of the most important applications of abrasive water jet. However, there are always some quality defects in the cross section cut by abrasive water jet. It is found that multipass abrasive water jet cutting can effectively improve the cutting quality. In this paper, two types of multipass water jet cutting were summarized and redefined clearly first. Then, taking AISI 304 stainless steel as the workpiece, the cross sections after cutting with different cutting times were analyzed and compared with that after single cutting. The overall roughness and the overall taper of the section were obtained by a reasonable method. Besides, in order to give consideration to both the cutting quality and the processing time, the concept of quality improvement rate was put forward. On this basis, with the improvement rate as the index, the optimal cutting times for cutting AISI 304 stainless steel with multipass abrasive water jet were analyzed from two aspects of surface quality and kerf taper, and the optimal cutting times of cutting other materials by multipass abrasive water jet can be studied according to the same idea. The study of this paper provides important reference for the application of multipass abrasive water jet cutting.     

Single and dual gas jet effect in Ytterbium-doped fibre laser cutting of dry pine wood

This paper presents single and dual assist gas jet effects in the single-pass laser cutting of dry pine wood. The laser wood cutting process is influenced by the assisting gas jet(s) applied. Therefore, it is important to understand their roles in the removal of fumes and combusted materials from the cutting kerf. A computational fluid dynamic model is developed to investigate the effect of single and dual gas jets in the laser wood cutting process. In order to obtain a close approximation of the actual process, a three-dimensional model was considered. Results obtained in the simulations were compared with experimental data collected from a multifactor experiment analysing the laser cutting process of dry pine wood. A high brightness, 1?kW IPG single-mode, continuous-wave Ytterbium fibre laser was employed to cut cubic wood samples parallel to the wood fibre direction. It has been found that shear stresses produced by the gas jet(s) on the kerf walls have an important correlation with the yield and cut quality.     

Parametric studies on the CO2 laser cutting of Kevlar-49 composite

In the present study, the cutting performance of a CO₂ laser on Kevlar-49 composite materials has been studied. The Taguchi technique is employed to identify the effect of laser control parameters, i.e., laser power, cutting speed, material thickness, assistance gas pressure, and laser mode, on the quality of cut parameters, namely, kerf width, dross height, and slope of the cut. From the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio response tables, the significant parameters and the optimal combination levels of cutting parameters are determined. The obtained results are interpreted and modeled to closely understand the behavior and quality of CO₂ laser cutting. Kevlar-49 composites are found to be cut satisfactorily by the CO₂ laser at the optimum process parameter ranges. The results showed that laser power is the most significant parameter affecting the quality of cut parameters. The optimal combination of cutting parameters minimized the kerf width, dross height, and slope of cut to 0.103 mm, 0.101 mm, and 2.06°, respectively. The error between experimental results with optimum settings and the predicted values for the kerf width, dross height, and slope of cut lie within 2.9%, 7.92%, and 6.3%, respectively.     

Robust parameter design and multi-objective optimization of laser beam cutting for aluminium alloy sheet

The application of laser beam for precise cutting of sheet metals, in general, and reflective sheet metals, like aluminium, in particular, has become of interest in the recent past. The optimum choice of the cutting parameters is essential for the economic and efficient cutting of difficult to cut materials with laser beams. In this paper, a robust design and quality optimization tool called the Taguchi methodology has been applied to find the optimal cutting parameters for cutting of a reflective sheet made of aluminium alloy with a Nd:YAG laser beam. All the steps of the Taguchi method, such as a selection of orthogonal array, computation of signal-to-noise ratio, decision of optimum setting of parameters, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA), have been done by a self-developed software called computer aided robust parameter design (CARPD). A considerable improvement in the kerf taper (KT) and material removal rate (MRR) has been found by using Taguchi method-based predicted results. Confirmatory experimental results have shown good agreement with predicted results. Further, the Taguchi quality loss function has also been used for multi-objective optimization of laser beam cutting of Al-alloy sheet. The results of multi-objective optimization are compared with the single-objective optimization and it has been found that the kerf taper was increased by 1.60% in multi-objective optimization while the MRR was same in both cases.     

碳纤维增强复合材料水导激光加工实验研究

为了研究水导激光加工关键工艺参数对碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)沟槽截面形貌与热影响区的影响,利用水导激光加工设备设计单因素实验探究了激光功率、水射流压力、进给速度及激光重复频率四个关键工艺参数对沟槽截面形貌以及热影响区的影响规律,分析了沟槽截面形貌和热影响区形成机理。实验结果表明：激光功率对沟槽烧蚀深度和热影响区的影响最大,水射流压力对沟槽烧蚀宽度的影响最大,进给速度和激光重复频率对沟槽烧蚀深度和宽度的影响不大,对热影响区有较大影响。此外,发现沟槽截面去除区呈V字形,热影响区呈锯齿形状。通过单因素方法分析得到了较好的沟槽截面形貌,其沟槽截面烧蚀深度为772.8μm,烧蚀宽度为897.7μm,铺设方向为90°的碳纤维层热影响区为326.5μm,铺设方向为0°的碳纤维层热影响区为102.4μm。     

Study and evaluation of abrasive water jet cutting performance on AA5083-H32 aluminum alloy by varying the jet impingement angles with different abrasive mesh sizes

This article describes the experimental investigation of abrasive water jet (AWJ) cutting on AA5083-H32 aluminum alloy. In this study, the influence of varying the jet impingement angles and abrasive mesh sizes with different water jet pressures, on the output parameters for the AWJ cutting of the aluminum alloy, was analyzed. The experimental results found that the output parameters, namely, the depth of penetration, top kerf width, kerf taper ratio, surface roughness, and abrasive contaminations, were strongly influenced by the combined effect of oblique jet impingement angles and abrasive mesh sizes on AWJ. Also, it is noticed that oblique jet impingement angles have more influence on the output cutting responses than the normal jet impingement angle, and consequently, each abrasive mesh size has an influence on the different output responses for the AWJ cutting of AA5083-H32. Scanning electron microscope and microhardness tester were used to examine the different cutting regions of the kerf wall surfaces. The Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was used to confirm the amount of silicon particles embedded in the AWJ cut surfaces. The adequacy checking of the experimental data for the AWJ cutting performance models has been analyzed through the residual plots using the statistical software.     

淹没磨料水射流切缝形貌研究

分析研究了淹没磨料水射流对花岗岩切割所成的切缝,发现淹没状况下切缝断面存在一宽度常数区;利用Hurst指数和R/S分析法得出了切缝形成过程中的时间相关性与随机性,得出切缝底部不仅存在时间相关性,且随着进给速度的减小,随机性增强、相关性减弱的结论。     

钴结壳水射流切削系统参数设计

为了避免刀具切削钴结壳时产生冲击载荷,提出了深海钴结壳水射流切削方法。采用仿真计算和实验测试研究了水射流系统参数与其切削性能的作用规律。仿真结果表明:水射流系统的工作压力、喷距和喷射角度是决定水射流切削能力的主要参数;其重要程度依次为工作压力、喷距和喷射角度;提高水射流系统工作压力是提高射流切削能力最有效的方法;在射流工作压力一定的情况下,为了提高射流的切削能力,射流的喷距宜小于4 mm(4倍喷嘴直径)内,射流的喷射角度约为13°。实验结果表明:提高射流的工作压力可以显著提高射流的切削能力,减小射流的喷距有助于提高射流的切削能力,射流的最优喷射角度约为13°。