AZ31镁合金板温拉深流变应力行为研究

为了建立镁合金板温拉深成形的流变应力数学模型,在温度为200℃～350℃和应变速率为0.001 s^-1～0.1s^-1的条件下,对AZ31镁合金板进行拉伸实验,研究其温拉深流变应力行为.通过对Fields-Backofen方程修正分析,建立了AZ31镁合金板温拉深流变应力数学模型,在峰值应力之前,模型预测值与实测结果相比十分接近.对加入软化因子s的模型进行了计算,与修正的Fields-Backofen相比,更好的模拟了软化阶段的流变应力变化.本文研究的模型可以用于指导镁合金板成形,也为有限元分析流变应力打下基础.     

变形参数对AZ31镁合金板材织构的影响

利用X射线衍射(XRD)方法测量了不同轧制状态,即不同变形温度和变形量条件下AZ31镁合金板材织构的变化特征。结果表明,经过轧制之后的AZ31镁合金板材形成强烈的基面织构;在250℃~400℃范围内,变形温度的升高、变形量的增大都会促进镁合金板材棱柱面、锥面等非基面滑移系的启动,从而影响各织构组分的锋锐程度和板材各向异性的强弱。随着变形温度的升高,镁合金板材的各向异性减弱;变形量的增大,镁合金板材的各向异性增强。     

Improving single pass reduction during cold rolling by controlling initial texture of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet

The AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets obtained by multi-pass hot rolling were applied to cold rolling and the maximum single pass cold rolling reduction prior to failure of AZ31 magnesium alloy was enhanced to 41%. Larger single pass rolling reduction led to weaker texture during the multi-pass hot rolling procedure. The sheet obtained showed weak basal texture, while the value was only 1/3–1/2 that of general as-rolled AZ31 Mg alloy sheets. It was beneficial for the enhancement of further cold rolling formability despite of the coarser grain size. The deformation mechanism for the formation of texture in AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet was also analyzed in detail.     

Influence of extrusion parameters on grain size and texture distributions of AZ31 alloy

Grain size and texture distributions have great influences on the mechanical properties of extruded rods. In order to study grain size and texture evolution during the hot extrusion process, direct extrusion tests were carried out with a variety of extrusion parameters (extrusion ratio, temperature and velocity) for commercial as-cast AZ31 magnesium alloys. Extruded specimens were investigated by optical microscopy (OM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). Experimental results show that extrusion ratio is the most important parameter for grain size refinement. Basal fiber textures with various (0 0 0 2) pole intensities are observed in extruded rods. Maximum intensities increase with the decreasing extrusion ratio and the increasing velocity, while the influence of temperature depends on the value of extrusion ratio and velocity.     

同步和异步轧制AZ31镁合金板材的织构及力学性能

采用同步轧制(NR)和异步轧制(AR)工艺对AZ31镁合金挤压板材进行了轧制,研究了轧制过程中组织和织构的演化,以及总压下量和异步比对轧材组织、织构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在压下量为3%～15%的范围内,同步轧制与异步轧制板材在晶粒尺寸以及均匀性上有相似的变化趋势。轧制过程中,在变形初期,随压下量的增加,孪晶数量不断增加,孪晶使同步轧制与异步轧制板材中晶粒取向都发生偏转,即C轴趋向于垂直于法向(ND),从而使初始挤压板材的丝织构强度减弱;而当压下量达到24%时,孪晶大量减少或消失。在压下量为3%～24%的范围内,同步轧制对板材力学性能的影响并不明显,峰值应变呈交替变化;异步轧制板材在压下量达到24%左右时,表现出了良好的塑性变形能力,抗拉强度达到309MPa,峰值应变达到0.163。     

AZ31镁合金板材双向循环弯曲的孪晶组织及织构

采用等温双向循环弯曲工艺(bidirectional cyclic bending technology,BCBT)改善了AZ31镁合金板材的微观组织、织构和力学性能。循环弯曲变形能够产生压缩变形与拉伸变形的交替变化,使镁合金材料发生压缩变形→孪晶组织形成→发生动态再结晶→孪晶消失→晶粒细化的组织演变过程,形成分布均匀的细小的晶粒组织,改善了镁合金材料性能。AZ31镁合金板材在变形温度为483 K时经过3个道次的等温双向循环弯曲变形后,基面织构得到明显弱化,织构强度由原始9.59降低到变形后3.54,平均晶粒尺寸为12.2μm。在变形温度443 K,经过1个道次变形后,AZ31镁合金板材的抗拉强度为325 MPa,屈服强度为225 MPa。与原始坯料力能参数相比,抗拉强度提高了19%,屈服强度提高了28%。当变形温度483 K循环变形3道次时,材料的伸长率为17.1%,比原始材料提高了42%。     

Formation of shearing bands in the hot-rolling process of AZ31 alloy

Three types of AZ31 alloy samples, numbered with A, B, C, with various texture and microstructure condition were hot-rolled in single pass to investigate the different mechanism of shearing bands formation. Shearing bands came into being via twinning related grain fragmentation and DRX in Sample A while via rotational recrystallization in Sample B. Twinning played the most important role in shearing bands formation in Sample C. DRX and twinning are the two major elements in the formation of shearing band in magnesium alloys. Contrastive study indicated that sharper texture would increase the influence of twining while small size would promote the recrystallization in shearing bands formation.     

The effect of texture and strain conditions on formability of cross-roll rolled AZ31 alloy

The effect of texture evolution of AZ31 Mg sheet on cross-roll rolling process has been investigated for the commercial AZ31 Mg sheet. The large ?₂₃ was operated for the cross-roll rolled sample throughout the whole thickness, leading to the homogeneity of the (0 0 0 2) basal texture. After recrystallization annealing at 673 K for 30 min, cross-roll rolled sample showed uniform texture intensity from surface layer to middle layer different from the normal-roll rolled sample. An excellent formability of the cross-rolled specimen was achieved due to the developed homogeneity of the texture and microstructure refinement for the cross-roll rolled specimen. The strain conditions of surface and center layers were discussed in terms of experimental evaluations and three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) for conventional rolling and cross-roll rolling.     

六次甲基四胺对AZ31镁合金的缓蚀作用研究

为了表征六次甲基四胺(HMTA)对AZ31镁合金在MgSO4溶液中的缓蚀性能,用线性电位扫描、电化学阻抗谱等方法研究了合金在溶液中的电化学行为.结果表明,少量HMTA的加入能使AZ31镁合金的开路电位正移,极化电阻增大,从而发挥缓蚀效果.HMTA的添加量在0.1～0.15mmol/L范围时具有较好的缓蚀性能,并使活化电位负移,确保合金具有较好的电化学活性.     

Comparison of microstructure and properties of AZ31 Mg alloy sheet produced through different routes

Slabs fabricated by means of three different ingot breakdown modes:hot-rolling,extrusion-rolling and twin-roll strip continuous casting-cum-rolling,were rolled into sheets and then annealed.Both the rolled and annealed sheets were investigated by SEM-EBSP,BSE,X-ray diffraction and tensile test,and compared in terms of microstructure,texture,and mechanical properties. Effects of different processing methods on the microstructure,texture and the related mechanical properties were discussed based on the exp...     

AZ31镁合金多阶段超塑性变形

开展了多阶段变形的方法对AZ3 1镁合金超塑性性能提升的研究。结果表明 :第一阶段动态再结晶的最佳条件是温度 3 0 0℃、应变速率 1× 10 - 3s- 1 、此条件下变形量为 5 0 %的时候 ,晶粒尺寸约为 10 μm ;在第二阶段 ,实验温度为40 0℃以及应变速率为 10 - 3s- 1 的变形条件下 ,获得最大延伸率 2 82 .1%。     

单向拉伸试验研究AZ31B镁合金板材的电塑性效应

通过单向拉伸试验研究镁合金 AZ31B 的电塑性效应。为了显示脉冲电流的非热效应,在相同温度下开展两类试验：环境箱中的单向拉伸试验和脉冲电流辅助的单向拉伸试验。此外,对脉冲电流在材料变形过程中引起的温度场进行数值模拟。结果表明,沿材料截面方向温度分布均匀。通过对比两类单向拉伸试验的真应力?真应变曲线,证实了脉冲电流非热效应的存在。通过光学显微镜研究脉冲电流对材料微观组织演化的影响,结果表明：脉冲电流引起的动态再结晶对流动应力的下降起重要作用。最后,提出一个考虑电塑性响应的 AZ31B 流动应力模型,并通过实验进行验证。结果表明：模型预测结果和实验结果吻合较好。     

镁合金AZ31轧制板材的单向拉伸行为

通过单向拉伸试验研究了AZ31镁合金轧制板在不同温度和应变速率下的力学性能。根据镁合金在50℃~400℃范围内的单向拉伸曲线分析结果,找出AZ31镁合金的抗拉强度、伸长率随变形温度、变形速度的变化规律。结果表明:AZ31镁合金轧制板的塑性随着应变速率的降低有明显提高;温度的升高可明显改善轧制板的塑性;当应变速率为1.5×10-2s-1、温度为400℃时,伸长率达到123.9%。     

Determination of the flow stress of magnesium AZ31-O sheet at elevated temperatures using the hydraulic bulge test

Elevated temperature hydraulic bulge tests for Mg AZ31-O alloy sheets were conducted using a submerged tool, designed to minimize the temperature variation in the sheet. Experiments were conducted between room temperature and 225 °C, at various approximate true strain rates. Bulge profiles at different bulge heights were measured using a CMM and the best radius values were calculated through least-square fit using several measured points. Residual plots were made to demonstrate the amount of deviation from a sphere with increasing bulge height. Measured and calculated bulge radius and thickness values were compared with the available analytical models. Amount of error that occurs in flow stress calculation by deploying the well-known membrane theory was investigated.     

AZ31镁合金板材的冲压性能

通过对异步轧制后的AZ31镁合金板材在杯突试验机上进行冲压试验,以此来研究AZ31镁合金板材的冲压性能.采用热轧态AZ31镁合金板材在异步轧机上进行不同压下率轧制,采取空冷,然后对单道次异步轧制后的板材进行退火处理.对退火处理后的板材切块、打磨,在杯突试验机上进行冲压试验,测量板材的杯突值,通过拉伸试验测得冲压性能指标...     

AZ31镁合金板材等温弯曲实验研究

对AZ31镁合金板材的等温弯曲变形过程进行了数值模拟,分析了其变形特点以及金属流动规律,确定了合理的变形参数,即弯曲凸模半径为8 mm,凸模间距为38 mm。同时,研制了AZ31镁合金板材的等温弯曲实验装置,并对AZ31镁合金板材在不同变形温度下进行了不同道次的等温弯曲实验研究,分析了镁合金板材微观组织的变化规律。AZ31镁合金板材经过等温弯曲变形后,其室温伸长率达到17.1%,而原始AZ31镁合金板材的室温伸长率为12.4%,提高了42%。     

Microstructure and texture evolution of AZ31 magnesium alloy during rolling

The production of magnesium alloy sheets normally involves several processing stages including hot rolling,cold rolling and intermediate annealing.The microstructure and texture evolution of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets in different processing states were investigated by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique.It is found that the microstructure of hot-rolled sheets is dominated by recrystallized equiaxed grains,while that of cold-rolled sheets is dominated by deformation twins.With final annea...     

强基面织构AZ31合金压缩过程中的孪晶对行为

挤压态AZ31合金在室温下沿挤压方向进行压缩变形,合金中产生大量的拉伸孪晶。综合分析了孪晶对的斯密特因子(SF)和应变兼容因子(m_f),其中孪晶对包括相连的孪晶对和非相连的孪晶对。结果表明:相连的孪晶对优先在取向差约为25°的相邻晶粒的晶界上形核。大约88%的相连孪晶对具有很高的斯密特因子,大约76%的相连孪晶对具有很高的应变兼容因子。低斯密特因子的孪晶对的发生能够通过高应变兼容因子进行解释。大约23%的非相连孪晶对的应变兼容因子接近于0。     

AZ31B镁合金板热渐进成形的精度研究

成形精度差是限制单点渐进成形发展的重要因素,针对单点渐进成形技术难以实现对材料高温处理再加工的问题,提出一种基于液体介质加热的单点渐进成形方法,并通过依次提高温度的方法,探索了适合进行AZ31B镁合金板料单点渐进成形的实验温度。同时,研究了在该温度下采用单点渐进成形方法加工AZ31B镁合金方锥件时,成形角对精度的影响。结果表明:液体介质加热的方法对单点渐进成形有效,在加热油温达到200℃时能够完成镁合金板料的单点渐进成形过程;方锥成形件的精度影响分两种形式——侧壁鼓凸和棱边回弹,并且随成形角的增大,侧壁鼓凸和棱边回弹的回弹量都减小。