A formal model of the Semantic Web Service Ontology (WSMO)

Semantic Web Service, one of the most significant research areas within the Semantic Web vision, has attracted increasing attention from both the research community and industry. The Web Service Modelling Ontology (WSMO) has been proposed as an enabling framework for the total/partial automation of the tasks (e.g., discovery, selection, composition, mediation, execution, monitoring, etc.) involved in both intra- and inter-enterprise integration of Web services. To support the standardisation and tool support of WSMO, a formal model of the language is highly desirable. As several variants of WSMO have been proposed by the WSMO community, which are still under development, the syntax and semantics of WSMO should be formally defined to facilitate easy reuse and future development. In this paper, we present a formal Object-Z formal model of WSMO, where different aspects of the language have been precisely defined within one unified framework. This model not only provides a formal unambiguous model which can be used to develop tools and facilitate future development, but as demonstrated in this paper, can be used to identify and eliminate errors present in existing documentation.     

基于本体的服务组合算法研究

本文利用本体组织语义信息解决网格发展中缺乏语义的问题,提出了基于角色的本体资源管理模型;定义了有状态的网格服务并采用OWL描述网格服务,增加了自动推理功能。在此基础上,结合概念相似度计算,提出了一种较为优化的服务组合算法。     

Providing Software as a Service: a design decision(s) model

We examine how Software as a Service (SaaS) providers make different design decisions using a theoretical model. We consider two non-functional attributes: modularity of the software architecture and the architectural performance of the software. We model the relationship of these two attributes with factors such as user preferences, user demand, and the price of the service. In a significant departure from traditional models of IS product development, we considered marginal cost and maintenance cost of providing SaaS service to recognize that the SaaS service has characteristics of both a product and a service. We show how to find the optimal values of design attributes that maximize SaaS provider’s profits, taking into account relevant factors such as user preferences, user demand and service price. Our research provides one of the first analytical models of optimal design decision making by SaaS providers. We use the model to further show how the SaaS providers should adjust the service design in response to changes in user preferences, associated costs and other relevant factors.     

基于本体的智能Web服务

介绍了Web服务以及本体论，用protege建立了一个计算机硬件的本体。同时研究了基于本体的Web服务．描述了一种基于本体的智能Web服务。实现了一个简单的基于本体的Web服务系统。     

Web服务本体的分类及编码方法研究

本文介绍了一种基于OWL-S规范对本体进行分类编码的方法,依据树形目录思想构建服务目录树,以提高匹配的准确率和搜索的效率,内容包括:OWL-S逻辑原语;Web服务本体的分层及数字编码。     

服务系统中基于经验本体的信任度量方法研究

在高动态、异构和动态的服务计算环境下,信任度量依赖于推荐信任信息的交流与共享,而现有信任度量方法忽略了对推荐信息内涵和特征的分析,导致实体间的主客观差异性严重影响了信任度量的准确性。首先给出了信任及其度量的形式化语义,提出了一种以经验为核心概念类的经验本体E-Ont,明确了交互经验相关的概念及属性,在此基础上给出了信任推导及聚合方法。与基于评价和上下文的信任度量方法相比,所提方法增强了信任度量的准确性,利于服务请求者在开放、异构服务环境下选择可信的服务提供方进行交互。     

基于领域本体的跨系统个性化服务用户模型

目前大多数个性化服务系统采用关键词或关键词向量空间模型表示用户个人偏好,该方法严重制约了用户模型在不同系统间的共享和重用。针对上述问题,提出一种基于领域本体的用户模型,给出其形式化描述,通过引入个性化兴趣度实现用户个人偏好的量化,介绍该模型在群体用户建模中的应用过程。实验表明,该用户模型能准确反映用户兴趣且更新能力和可扩展性较强。     

Multi-tenant Verification-as-a-Service (VaaS) in a cloud

Formal methods and verification technique are often used to develop mission-critical systems. Cloud computing offers new computation models for applications and the new model can be used for formal verification. But formal verification tools and techniques may need to be updated to exploit the cloud architectures. Multi-Tenant Architecture (MTA) is a design architecture used in SaaS (Software-as-a-Service) where a tenant can customize its applications by integrating either services already stored in the SaaS database or newly supplied services. This paper proposes a new concept VaaS (Verification-as-a-Service), similar to SaaS, by leveraging the computing power offered by a cloud environment with automated provisioning, scalability, and service composition. A VaaS hosts verification software in a cloud environment, and these services can be called on demand, and can be composed to verify a software model. This paper presents a VaaS architecture with components, and ways that a VaaS can be used to verify models. Bigragh is selected as the modeling language for illustration as it can model mobile applications. A Bigraph models can be verified by first converting it to a state model, and the state model can be verified by model-checking tools. The VaaS services combination model and execution model are also presented. The algorithm of distributing VaaS services to a cloud is given and its efficiency is evaluated. A case study is used to demonstrate the feasibility of a VaaS.     

Convergence indicator: the case of cloud computing

Convergence is a term that is often used to explain changes in contemporary society, and technological convergence has been an important source of technological innovation in industry. For this paper we adopted a microscopic approach to the question of measuring the level of technological convergence using patent-citation analysis. We developed a convergence indicator that shows the relative convergence degree of a patent. This indicator, which is based on backward and forward patent citations, can assess the extent of the level of convergence or universality. Finally, we conducted an empirical analysis of the cloud computing area using patent-citation analysis from a microscopic perspective.     

Estimating the simulation workload for factory simulation as a cloud service

An essential and practical application of cloud manufacturing is factory simulation as a cloud service (FSaaCS). In this paper, several topics related to implementing FSaaCS are discussed. Among them, load balancing is considered a critical topic. To address this topic, estimating a simulation workload is a crucial step. After factors critical to estimating a simulation workload were summarized, several methods were applied to estimate a simulation load, relevant to the required simulation time, from these factors. An experiment using real data was conducted to compare the performance of these methods. In addition, the paired \(t\) test was performed and the results indicated that the performance of the fuzzy collaborative method is superior to those of some existing methods.     

Digital Twin as a Service (DTaaS) in Industry 4.0: An Architecture Reference Model

Recent findings have shown that Digital Twin served multiple constituencies. However, the dilemma between the scope and scale needs a sophisticated reference architecture, a right set of technologies, and a suitable business model. Most studies in the Digital Twin field have only focused on manufacturing and proposed explicit frameworks and architecture, which faced challenges to support different integration levels through an agile process. Besides, no known empirical research has focused on exploring relationships between Digital Twin and mass individualization. Therefore, the principal objective of this study was to identify suitable Industry 4.0 technologies and a holistic reference architecture model to accomplish the most challenging Digital Twin enabled applications. In this study, a Digital Twin reference architecture was developed and applied in an industrial case. Also, Digital Twin as a Service (DTaaS) paradigm utilized for the digital transformation of unique wetlands with considerable advantages, including smart scheduled maintenance, real-time monitoring, remote controlling, and predicting functionalities. The findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between Digital Twin capabilities as a service and mass individualization.     

Ontology Evolution: Not the Same as Schema Evolution

As ontology development becomes a more ubiquitous and collaborative process, ontology versioning and evolution becomes an important area of ontology research. The many similarities between database-schema evolution and ontology evolution will allow us to build on the extensive research in schema evolution. However, there are also important differences between database schemas and ontologies. The differences stem from different usage paradigms, the presence of explicit semantics and different knowledge models. A lot of problems that existed only in theory in database research come to the forefront as practical problems in ontology evolution. These differences have important implications for the development of ontology-evolution frameworks: The traditional distinction between versioning and evolution is not applicable to ontologies. There are several dimensions along which compatibility between versions must be considered. The set of change operations for ontologies is different. We must develop automatic techniques for finding similarities and differences between versions.     

Feasibility and a case study on content optimization services on cloud

The recent boom in mobile device usage has provided more opportunities, competition and also increased complexities for content providers to monetize their information goods. Although mobile devices are becoming increasingly powerful, their hardware, software and connectivity are relatively more limited compared to desktop and enterprise systems. As a result, various content optimization services have emerged. This paper focuses on content optimization services that modify and reorganize content to reduce the size of content and enhance the performance of processing on the content. For most content providers, this optimization process needs to be fast, scalable and yet aligned with their monetization strategies and cost requirements. Based on our experience on content optimization services, this paper presents the economics related to these services. In particular, we present some practical considerations when these services are implemented on a cloud, which is typically perceived to be a cheaper and more scalable option compared to traditional dedicated servers.     

Searchable encryption on the cloud: a survey

The Journal of Supercomputing - Outsourcing data to the cloud can be considered as a perfect solution for the storage and computationally constrained data owners. However, data confidentiality is...     

MPaaS: Mobility prediction as a service in telecom cloud

Mobile applications and services relying on mobility prediction have recently spurred lots of interest. In this paper, we propose mobility prediction based on cellular traces as an infrastructural level service of telecom cloud. Mobility Prediction as a Service (MPaaS) embeds mobility mining and forecasting algorithms into a cloud-based user location tracking framework. By empowering MPaaS, the hosted 3rd-party and value-added services can benefit from online mobility prediction. Particularly we took Mobility-aware Personalization and Predictive Resource Allocation as key features to elaborate how MPaaS drives new fashion of mobile cloud applications. Due to the randomness of human mobility patterns, mobility predicting remains a very challenging task in MPaaS research. Our preliminary study observed collective behavioral patterns (CBP) in mobility of crowds, and proposed a CBP-based mobility predictor. MPaaS system equips a hybrid predictor fusing both CBP-based scheme and Markov-based predictor to provide telecom cloud with large-scale mobility prediction capacity.     

Service design as an innovation approach in technology startups: a longitudinal multiple case study

While service design has been accepted as a human‐centered and cocreative approach to service innovation, its role in technology‐driven contexts, specifically technology startups, has been largely unexplored. Previous research suggests that technology startups tend to focus on technical aspects of innovation, neglecting the value cocreation potential of service innovation that service design can facilitate. Focusing on value propositions as the main mechanisms of service innovation, this study explores how service design facilitates service innovation in technology startups. This longitudinal study examines the opportunities and challenges of introducing service design for the purpose of service innovation in five technology startups over a period of 11 months. Results reveal how service design facilitates the creation of new value propositions that expand the previous technology‐driven focus towards a human‐centered and cocreative one. Additionally, findings suggest that there are two levels of how service design becomes embedded in technology startups that are contingent on their life cycle stage. This contributes to the service innovation literature that views innovation as development of new value propositions and describes the key role of service design. The study also discusses managerial implications of the findings for technology startups and service designers and provides directions for future research.