SAPO-34 分子筛改性聚丙烯复合材料性能研究

不同添加量的 SAPO-34 分子筛作为添加剂, 对聚丙烯材料进行改性。通过挤出注塑制备出 SAPO-34 分子 筛聚丙烯复合材料。采用示差同步扫描热分析仪 (TG-DSC)、X 射线衍射仪 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 等对改 性前后的聚丙烯复合材料的结构进行表征, 并通过万能材料试验机和摆锤式冲击试验机等研究了复合材料的力学性 能。研究结果表明: SAPO-34 分子筛的添加对聚丙烯材料的力学性能具有显著的提升作用, SAPO-34 分子筛添加量 在 5% 时可达到最大的拉伸与冲击强度, 最大拉伸强度可达 1 171 N, 相比纯聚丙烯材料提高了 14.5%; 最大冲击强 度可达 6.39 kJ/m², 提高了 47.2%。     

纳米氢氧化镁阻燃聚丙烯的研究

以聚丙烯(PP)为基体,研究了传统沉淀法和超重力沉淀法制备的未改性氢氧化镁和改性氢氧化镁的添加量对PP/Mg(OH)_2复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能的影响.研究结果表明:随着氢氧化镁添加量的增大,PP/Mg(OH)_2复合材料的阻燃性能提高,其力学性能下降.超重力沉淀法与传统沉淀法制备的纳米氢氧化镁制得的PP/Mg(OH)_2复合材料相比,阻燃性能和力学性能有较大提高,且明显优于市售氢氧化镁制得的PP/Mg(OH)_2复合材料;与未改性氢氧化镁相比,改性后的纳米氢氧化镁与聚丙烯基材之间的界面粘结性得到增强,氢氧化镁在聚丙烯基材中的分散性提高,PP/Mg(OH)_2复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能均得到明显的改善.     

竹纤维碱化改性对竹纤维/聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

用不同浓度的NaOH 溶液对竹纤维(bamboo fiber, BF) 进行表面改性处理, 一定温度烘干后, 通过熔融挤出 制备了竹纤维/聚丙烯(BF/PP) 竹塑复合材料。采用示差同步扫描热分析仪(TG-DSC)、红外光谱(FTIR)、X 射线衍 射仪(XRD) 和扫描电镜(SEM) 等对预处理前后BF 的结构进行表征, 并研究了复合材料的力学性能。结果表明: 改 性后BF 的热稳定性升高, 形成疏松的纤维束; 复合材料的力学性能显著提高。其中用3% 的NaOH 溶液改性BF 制 备的复合材料的力学性能最佳, 冲击强度较纯PP 可提高100%, 屈服强度提高14.8%。复合材料冲击断面SEM 显 示, 一定浓度的NaOH 溶液改性可以明显提高BF 与PP 基体树脂间的相容性。     

陶瓷微珠填充改性聚丙烯的研究

采用陶瓷微珠对聚丙烯进行共混改性.对共混试样的力学性能、热性能和流变性能等进行了测试和分析.结果表明陶瓷微珠可明显改善聚丙烯的力学性能和热性能.随着陶瓷微珠用量的增加,复合材料的弯曲性能和耐热性都有很大提高,当其用量达到40份(质量份数)时,复合材料的力学性能最佳.     

改性苎麻/聚丙烯热塑性复合材料界面及结晶性能研究

以新型生物酶改性技术对苎麻进行改性处理,与热塑性树脂基体聚丙烯复合制成改性苎麻/聚丙烯热塑性复合材料,分析研究改性苎麻与聚丙烯基体的界面浸润性能、苎麻体积含量、冷却方式等不同成型条件对苎麻/聚丙烯结晶性能的影响.     

废弃印刷线路板非金属回收料填充制备聚丙烯复合板材的力学性能研究

以废线路板非金属回收料作为填料,与聚丙烯树脂共混模压制得复合板材。考察了线路板非金属粉末粒径、填充量、改性剂等因素对复合材料力学性能的影响。研究表明：细粒径粉末填充材料具有较好力学性能;添加适量马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯能增强填料粒子和树脂基体的界面粘结强度,提高材料综合力学性能：选用250μm以下的非金属粉末作为填料,当填充量为20％时,加入2．5％马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯可使复合板材拉伸和冲击性能分别提高41％和46％。     

聚丙烯/海藻酸钙/二氧化硅杂化材料的制备与性能

以海藻酸钙/二氧化硅凝胶作为改性剂,聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐作为增容剂,通过模压成形工艺,对聚丙烯树脂进行改性,制备了聚丙烯/海藻酸钙/二氧化硅杂化材料。利用红外光谱分析仪、万能试验机、扫描电子显微镜、毛细管流变仪和氧指数仪等对杂化材料的性能进行表征。结果表明,杂化材料的力学性能略有下降,海藻酸钙/二氧化硅凝胶粒子均匀分散在基体聚丙烯中,杂化体系为典型的假塑性流体,杂化材料的耐燃烧性能略有提高,降解性能明显改善。     

固化剂用量对SF/UF共混复合材料力学性能的影响

剑麻纤维(SF)经碱处理后与自制的低毒改性脲醛树脂(UF)、固化剂等原料进行捏合、模压成型,制成SF/UF共混复合材料,研究了不同固化剂用量对复合材料力学性能的影响:并用DSC对树脂进行了固化分析,采用扫描电镜(SEM)对材料的微观形貌进行了观察.结果表明,固化剂用量对复合材料的力学性能有较大影响:用量为1.0%时,复合材料的冲击强度达到12.39 kJ/m2,磨损体积仅为1.47×10 mm3,弯曲强度达到了55.24 MPa.     

四针状氧化锌晶须改性树脂基阻尼复合材料

为了提高树脂基复合材料的阻尼及力学性能,通过两步法合成了四针状氧化锌晶须改性树脂基阻尼复合材料.利用动态黏弹谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、万能力学试验机等测试手段,研究了四针状氧化锌晶须含量对复合材料阻尼性能、热稳定性能、拉伸强度、硬度及冲击回弹性能的影响.结果表明:四针状氧化锌晶须的加入有效提高了复合材料的阻尼性能及热稳定性...     

棉纤维增韧SiO2气凝胶复合材料的性能

以棉纤维作为增强体,二甲基二乙氧基硅烷(DMDES)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)为共前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法结合冷冻干燥工艺制备了柔性的棉纤维/SiO2气凝胶复合材料.利用扫描电镜、压汞仪、万能试验机及热导系数测试仪等对材料进行表征分析,研究了棉纤维质量分数对复合材料的微观结构及力学性能的影响.结果表明,棉纤维的添加...     

Analysis on Interface Characteristics of FeNi_p/PP Nanocomposites

The FeNi_p/PP nanocomposites were successfully prepared by the two-step blending method and the permeable layer interface with thickness of 2 to 10 nm was formed on the surface of nanopowders. The interface is composed of the lattice and molecular chain, in which the polypropylene molecular chain enters the lattice defects and forms a cross-linked structure. The interface causes the FeNi nanopowders to be well compatible with the polypropylene matrix and uniformly dispersed in the matrix, and significantly improves the mechanical properties of composites. The tensile strength of 2 wt% FeNi_p/PP composites reached 38 MPa, 23% higher than that of pure PP resin. The shielding performance of 20 wt% FeNi_p/PP composites reached 9.8 dB in the frequency range of 1-100 MHz.     

Effect of Hyperbranched Poly(amine-ester) Grafted Nano-SiO2 on Reinforcement and Toughness of PVC

Nano-SiO2 was modified using silane coupling agent(KH-550) and hyperbranched poly(amine-ester) respectively,and Poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)/modified nano-SiO2 composites were made by melt-blending.The composites' structures andmechanical properties were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),sanning electronic microscopy(SEM) and electronic universal testing machine.The results show that nano-SiO2 grafted by hyperbranched poly(amine-ester) increases obviously in dispersion in PVC matrix,and mechanical properties of PVC are effectively improved.Moreover,it was found that mechanical properties of PVC/nano-SiO2 composites reach the best when weight percent of nano-SiO2 in PVC matrix is 1%.Compared with crude PVC,the tensile strength of hyperbranched poly(amine-ester) grafted nano-SiO2/PVC composite increases by 24.68% and its break elongation,flexural strength and impact strength increase by 15.73%,4.07% and 1 841.84%,respectively.Moreover,the processing of the composites is improved.     

PVC/SBS共混材料力学性能研究

以通用型PVC树脂为基体,使用SBS-g-MAH通过双螺杆挤出机对其进行共混改性,研究了SBS-g-MAH的含量对PVC/SBS-g-MAH共混材料的力学性能影响.结果表明,SBS-g-MAH的引入可以提高PVC树脂的断裂伸长率、冲击强度,而材料的拉伸强度则降低.当SBS-g-MAH含量为5%时,断裂伸长率出现极大值;SBS-g-MAH含量为20%时,冲击强度出现极大值.     

β晶型成核剂对聚丙烯结晶行为和力学性能的影响

以2,6-苯二甲酸环己酰胺（TMB-5）为β晶型成核剂,采用熔融共混的方法制备β晶改性聚丙烯. 利用示差扫描量热仪、偏光显微镜、拉伸实验机以及冲击试验机对改性聚丙烯的微观结构、热性能、结晶性能、力学性能进行研究. 实验结果表明,在聚丙烯中添加β晶型成核剂进行改性后,由于成核剂在体系中起到了异相成核的作用,聚丙烯中部分晶型由α晶型向β晶型转变,改性聚丙烯的结晶温度向高温方向移动,且聚丙烯球晶尺寸明显减小,球晶之间无明显的边界. 随着β晶型成核剂含量的增加,改性聚丙烯的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量呈现先降后升的趋势,而其断裂伸长率和冲击强度呈先升后降的趋势,并且当β晶型成核剂含量为0.4份时,改性聚丙烯的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量为最小值,断裂伸长率和冲击强度达到最大值.     

Mechanical and thermal properties of muscovite and density polyethylene-reinforced and -toughened polypropylene composites

The mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP)/muscovite/low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/polypropylenegraftmaleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) ternary composites were investigated. In PP matrix, muscovite, LDPE, and PP-g-MAH were added as strengthening agent, toughening agent, and compatibilizer, respectively. The effects of dosages of the added materials were analyzed. The experimental results show that the optimum recipe of PP/muscovite/LDPE/PP-g-MAH composites is100/10/6/20 (mass ratio). Compared with the pure PP, the mechanical properties of PP/muscovite/LDPE/PP-g-MAH composites, including notched impact strength, Rockwell hardness and flexural strength, are improved. Although tensile strength is slightly decreased, they have better toughness. Filled with muscovite, the heat-resistance and heat-decompostion of the composites are improved. Funded by the 11th Five-Year National Key Technology R&D Program(2006BAB12B02)     

高韧性高流动性PP/POE复合材料的制备及其形态分析

用聚烯烃弹性体 (POE)代替传统的弹性体 ,对聚丙烯 (PP)增韧改性。探讨了基体树脂、POE和HDPE的用量对共混体系力学性能和流动性的影响。并通过扫描电镜观察冲击断面 ,研究共混物的形态结构与材料性能的关系。结果表明 ,POE能大幅度的改善材料的冲击韧性 ,HDPE具有协同增韧效应 ;制得的PP改性材料具有高韧性和高流动性 ,可用于制造汽车保险杠     

Influence of an Optimized Fibre Coating on Interfacial and Mechanical Properties of Glass Fibre／Polypropylene Composites

The influence of pretreatment of fibre on interfacial and mechanical properties of glass fibre/polypropylene composites was investigated.Firstly,the glass fibres were coated with the blends of m-IPP(maleic anhydride grafting isotatic polypropylene)and m-APP(maleic anhydride grafting amorphous polypropylene)in different ratios.Secondly,the interfacial reaction of the coated composites was analysed by FTIR，which shows that the interfacial chemical reaction reaction between m-IPP/m-APP in the fibre coating and the fibre suface-bound coupling agent is in existence.Thirdly,the microstructure of the coated composites was studied by SEM.The results indicate that the coating treatment if effective on improving interfacial adhesion of the fibre-matrix and the right amount of m-APP added to the coat impels the plastic deformation surrounding the point of cracks,which makes cracks turn to region and prevents from further interface debonding.Lastly,the mechanical properties were evaluated by measurement of the flexural strength and impact strength of the composites.It was fond that the flexural strength and impact strength of the composites with coating fibre are higher than those of uncoating fibre composite.The results of these investigations draw the conclusion that the pretreatment of fibre with m-IPP/m-APP blends can form an optimize interlayer between the fibre and the PP matrix,which improves both the strength and toughness of the composites.     

改性碳纳米管/高密度聚乙烯复合材料正温度系数性能

以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)为基体,改性的碳纳米管(CNTs)为导电填料,采用熔融法制备正温度系数(positive temperature coefficient,PTC)复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜和热敏电阻曲线测试仪以及冲击试验机等,观察CNTs/HDPE复合材料的微观形貌,研究PTC效应随CNTs含量变化规律及对力学性能的影响。结果表明:CNTs在HDPE基体中分散性较好;当CNTS含量在体积分数为9%时,CNTs/HDPE复合材料的室温电阻率为102?·cm,PTC强度达4个数量级;HDPE基体中加入经过表面修饰过的CNTs后,复合材料的力学性能明显提高。当CNTs的体积含量在8%时,复合材料的冲击性能较纯HDPE提高了93%。