三七参芪胶囊安全性评价及缓解体力疲劳功能的研究

评价三七参芪胶囊的安全性及研究其缓解体力疲劳的作用,采用小鼠急性经口毒性试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验、精子畸形试验、Ames试验对其安全性进行评价;通过负重游泳实验及测定小鼠血清尿素氮含量、肝糖原含量及全血乳酸含量考察三七参芪胶囊的缓解体力疲劳作用。结果表明:三七参芪胶囊经口最大耐受量(the maximum tolerated dose,MTD)均大于20 g/kg bw,属无毒级;对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA97、TA98、TA100和TA102菌株无致突变作用;对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞未见致突变作用;对小鼠精子未显示损伤作用;经口给予小鼠0.45、0.9、2.7 g/kg bw剂量的三七参芪胶囊30 d,0.9、2.7 g/kg bw剂量能显著延长小鼠的负重游泳时间、显著提高小鼠肝糖原水平,2.7 g/kg bw剂量显著降低小鼠运动后血清尿素含量,对小鼠的血乳酸曲线下面积未见明显影响;表明三七参芪胶囊毒理学安全,根据《保健食品检验与评价技术规范》判定标准,其具有缓解体力疲劳功能。     

复方芦荟口服液的毒理学安全性与通便功效研究

评价一种以低聚果糖、水苏糖、芦荟、黑木耳为原料的复方口服液的通便功效和毒理学安全性。依据《保健食品检验与评价技术规范(2003年版)》,进行小鼠小肠运动试验、首次排便时间和粪便粒数、粪便重量的测定试验、小鼠急性经口毒性试验、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌/哺乳动物微粒体酶试验(Salmonella Typhimurium/Mammals Microsomal Enzyme Test,Ames试验)、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验、大鼠30 d灌胃毒性试验。试验各观测点及终末期大、小鼠体质量均无组间差异(P>0.05)；与便秘模型对照组相比,样品各剂量组5 h内排便粒数均无显著性差异(P>0.05),首便时间均提前(P<0.05,P<0.01),1.0和3.0 ml/kg?BW剂量组墨汁推进率均提高(P<0.01),3.0 ml/kg?BW剂量组5 h内粪便重量增加(P<0.05)；小鼠急性经口毒性最大耐受剂量(maximum tolerable dose,MTD)大于15.00 g/kg?BW；不论加S9与否,在最高剂量达5 μl/皿的条件下,样品各剂量组标准测试菌株TA97a、TA98、TA100和TA102回复突变数均未超过相应溶剂对照值的两倍；与溶剂对照相比,样品各剂量组小鼠微核细胞率、精子畸变率未见显著变化(P>0.05)；样品各剂量组雌、雄大鼠均活动、生长正常,进食量、食物利用率以及肝、肾、脾、睾丸等脏器湿重与脏体比均无显著性差异(P>0.05)；血液学及血生化指标检测值均在本实验室历史参考值范围内；10.0 ml/kg?BW剂量组雌、雄大鼠未发现与口服液明显有关的组织病理学改变。该口服液具有通便功效,未见其急性毒性、遗传毒性或亚急性经口毒性。     

黄芩叶毒理学安全性研究

目的 对黄芩叶进行系统毒理学研究得到安全性基础数据。方法 以黄芩叶提取物为受试物,采用食品安全国家标准方法,对黄芩叶开展急性经口毒性试验、细菌回复突变试验、哺乳动物红细胞微核试验、小鼠精母细胞染色体畸变试验以及90 d经口毒性试验,进行系统的毒理学安全性评价。结果 黄芩叶提取物急性经口毒性试验雌雄小鼠LD₅₀>20.0 g/kg?BW,雌雄大鼠LD₅₀>15.0 g/kg?BW,属于实际无毒级;细菌回复突变试验、哺乳动物红细胞微核试验及小鼠精母细胞染色体畸变试验3项遗传毒性检测结果均为阴性;90 d经口毒性试验中,2.0、4.0、8.0 g/kg?BW 3个剂量组大鼠的体质量、进食量、食物利用率、血液学、血生化等指标,与对照组比较无显著性差异。结论 在本试验剂量条件下,未发现黄芩叶提取物摄入对实验动物产生毒性作用,换算后黄芩叶NOAEL值为24.0 g/kg?BW。     

梅花鹿茸血冻干粉的安全性评价及缓解体力疲劳功能研究

通过小鼠急性毒性试验,大鼠30d喂养试验,三项遗传毒性试验,小鼠尾部铅皮负重游泳,小鼠血清中尿素水平检测,小鼠肝脏中糖原储备量测定以及小鼠运动前后血清中乳酸水平的测定对梅花鹿茸血冻干粉的食品安全性及对小鼠的缓解体力疲劳作用进行探讨。结果表明:小鼠急性经口毒性15g/kg·BW,属无毒级;鹿茸血冻干粉0.6,1.3,2.0g/(kg·BW·d)剂量在30d喂养试验中未对大鼠的体重、摄食量、血液常规和血液生化指标产生影响,且三项遗传毒性试验结果均为阴性。0.6g/(kg·BW·d)组小鼠负重游泳时间长于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05);0.1,0.2,0.6g/(kg·BW·d)组肝糖原储备量高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);0.6g/(kg·BW·d)组小鼠游泳前后血乳酸变化的曲线下面积值低于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。梅花鹿茸血冻干粉食用安全,且具有缓解小鼠体力疲劳功能。     

藏悠游胶囊安全性毒理学评价及提高缺氧耐受力功能研究

目的评价保健食品藏悠游胶囊的食用安全性和提高缺氧耐受力的功能。方法采用最大耐受剂量(MTD)法进行小鼠急性毒性试验;通过Ames试验、骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验评价其遗传毒性;采用大鼠30 d喂养试验评价其亚急性毒性;小鼠连续灌胃30 d 0.27,0.54,1.62 g/kg BW(分别相当于人体推荐用量的5,10,30倍)藏悠游胶囊,检测其对常压耐缺氧存活时间、亚硝酸钠中毒存活时间、急性缺血性缺氧喘气时间的影响。结果受试物小鼠经口MTD20 g/kg BW;5000,1000,200,40,8μg/皿剂量组Ames试验阴性;2.5,5,10 g/kg BW剂量组小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验结果均为阴性;1.35,2.7,5.4 g/kg BW剂量喂养30 d未见明显与受试物相关的异常改变;0.27,0.54,1.62 g/kg BW剂量组均能延长常压耐缺氧存活时间和急性缺血性缺氧喘气时间,0.54 g/kg BW剂量组能延长亚硝酸钠中毒存活时间。结论藏悠游胶囊具有较高的食用安全性,且具有提高缺氧耐受力的功能。     

微囊化番茄红素的安全性评价研究

研究微囊化番茄红素的食用安全性。通过小鼠急性经口毒性试验、遗传毒性试验(Ames试验、骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验)和30 d喂养试验进行毒理学评价。结果表明:雌、雄小鼠经口最大耐受量为15 000mg/kg·bw,属无毒级,Ames试验、骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验结果均为阴性,30 d喂养试验未见大鼠的生长发育、血液学、血液生化及组织病理学有异常变化,微囊化番茄红素无急性毒性、致突变作用与亚急性毒性,在本试验剂量范围内,微囊化番茄红素作为保健食品是安全可靠的。     

三七红曲复方制剂遗传毒性评价

目的 评价三七红曲复方制剂的遗传毒性.方法 通过细菌回复突变试验(Ames试验)、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠睾丸染色体畸变试验组合的方式评价三七红曲复方制剂的遗传毒性.结果 Ames试验中,在8～5000μg/皿剂量范围内,TA97a,TA98,TA100,TA102和TA1535的回复突变菌落数与溶媒对照组比较无统计...     

香蕉果皮黄酮-丙酸复配剂的毒理学研究

本文采取微波提取法从香蕉皮中提取得到黄酮粗提物,利用H103大孔树脂对提取物进行纯化,与丙酸复配得到复配剂。以香蕉果皮黄酮-丙酸复配剂为受试物,根据国家卫生部发布的《食品安全性毒理学评价程序和方法》对其进行毒理学试验,以便在生产实践中推广应该。利用小鼠为试验对象,进行了急性毒性试验(LD50)、骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验以及哺乳动物微粒体酶试验(Ames试验),对复配剂的毒理性进行了研究。结果表明,雌小鼠LD50为10.80 g/kg BW,可信限为7.41~15.70 g/kg BW;雄小鼠LD50为12.60 g/kg BW,可信限为7.75~20.50 g/kg BW;骨髓细胞微核试验、精子畸形试验、Ames试验的结果都为阴性,表明香蕉果皮黄酮-丙酸复配剂对小鼠体细胞和生殖细胞无诱变作用,也无直接或间接的致突变作用,属实际无毒级物质。香蕉果皮黄酮-丙酸复配剂可作为食品防腐添加剂。     

红曲提取物的急性毒性和致突变性研究

研究红曲提取物的急性毒性和突变性.采用最大耐受剂量法研究急性毒性;采用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变试验(Ames试验)、骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验研究其致突变性.昆明种小鼠以最大给药量为15 g/kg灌胃,小鼠无明显中毒症状亦无死亡;Ames试验选用TA97、TA98、TA100、TA102四种菌株在加与不加S.两种情况下试验研究,结果显示为诱变阴性;小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验3个剂量组的微核发生率与阴性对照组比较无显著性差异;小鼠精子畸形试验中试验组的精子异常率与阴性对照组相比亦无明显差异.红曲提取物的毒性级别为无毒级;在试验条件下,未发现其有致突变性.     

酰化茶多酚的急性毒性与遗传毒性试验研究

目的:评价酰化茶多酚作为食品抗氧化剂的毒理学安全性。方法:按照我国卫生部《食品安全毒理学评价程序和检验方法规范》的要求进行小鼠急性经口毒性试验与遗传毒性试验(Ames试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验)的毒理学研究。结果:该酰化茶多酚对雄性ICR小鼠的急性经口毒性半致死剂量(LD50)为3.69g/kg,雌性小鼠急性经口LD50为6.81g/kg,根据急性毒性分级标准的规定,该受试物属低毒级;而三项遗传毒性试验结果均为阴性。结论:在本实验条件下,酰化茶多酚的小鼠急性经口毒性属低毒级,未见遗传毒性作用。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the