Prediction of reworking of the banks of lower reservoirs of pumped-storage stations

Conclusion The method examined above of predicting the reworking of banks of the LR of a PSS similar to the LR of the Dnestr PSS does not claim completeness and rigorousness of the solution and, naturally, should be refined by data of subsequent onsite observations and investigations, which will make it possible to perfect both the calculation method itself and its theoretical basis.Translated fromGidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 2, pp. 16–21, February, 1989.     

灌区渠道防渗的节水技术

随着水资源的短缺,提高农用水效率已迫在眉睫,而渠道防渗是当前灌区节水改造的重要内容之一,也是节水灌溉的重要途径。介绍了渠道防渗的各种措施及其优缺点,并从渠道规划设计、采用的衬砌材料不同及输水断面形式的不同三个方面加以阐述,重点提到了北方渠道的防冻涨破坏的要求,结合东北地区自然条件和社会经济条件提出了几种既适用又极易推广的渠道防渗措施。     

Analysis of causes of erosion-corrosion wear of the metal of internal surfaces of watered regions of tubes of heat-exchange devices

Causes of the appearance of erosion-corrosion wear (ECW) on inlet regions of tubes of heat-exchange devices are considered. Experimental data are used for determining the mechanism of the ECW process and suggesting measures for its prevention. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 11, November 2005, pp. 56–62.     

水文模型参数敏感性的区间分析

介绍SIMHYD降水径流模型的结构及计算原理,利用该模型模拟了丹江口以上汉江上游流域的月流量过程,并采用区间分析方法分析SIMHYD模型参数的敏感性。结果表明:SIMHYD模型可以较好地模拟该流域的月流量过程;根据参数敏感性大小可将SIMHYD模型参数归为3类:第1类为敏感参数,如SMSC和SUB;第2类为较敏感参数,如CRAK和K;第3类为非敏感参数,如INSC,COEFF和SQ。     

Investigation of the causes of destruction of the separators of a ski-jump spillway of a high dam

Conclusions For the first time the method use for investigating flow separators of high-head structures made it possible to recreate on a model cavitation phenomena that occurred in the original. The studies established the main cause of destruction of the elements of separators. The sources of cavitation that involved destruction of the concrete on the surface of the separators are: the presence of a sharp edge at the junction of the top and side surfaces of the separator; the presence of a poorly streamlined section at the initial part of the separator at the junction of the vertical side faces and surface of the spillway at the entrance to the gap between the separators; the presence of construction defects on the surfaces of the separator (depressions, pits, beds, and, especially, projections from formwork offsets). The last, as the experiments showed, are the most dangerous, especially if their vertical face is oriented against the flow. Rounding of the edges can eliminate the occurrence of cavitation on the side surface at the start of the separators; however, the requirements imposed on the quality surfaces remain the same, since this does not eliminate cavitation on irregularities. Facing of the separators and adjacent spillway surfaces with metal provides sufficient smoothness and greatly increases the resistance of the surface to cavitation erosion. Here one can consider that the lining practically eliminates the appearance of concealed but probable defects on the concrete surfaces during operation of the structures. Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 7, pp. 36–38, July, 1971.     

浑河沈抚段水体污染季节性变化研究

为明确浑河沈抚段水污染特征,提升水环境治理有效性,2015年3月—2016年2月对浑河沈抚段进行水环境调查。根据丰、平、枯3个水期的pH值、电导率、COD、NH_3-N、BOD及COD_(Mn)等水质指标,运用改进的综合水质标识指数法识别出主要污染因子,并分析浑河沈抚段水质污染时空变化特征。结果表明,研究区域的pH值在一个水文年变化范围为6.42~8.06,较适宜水生生物生长;水体在枯水期的电导率最高,丰水期最低。浑河沈抚段水体受沿岸工业废水和生活污水的点源污染影响,流域枯水期和平水期各监测断面的综合水质均未达标;从上游到下游4项水质指标的综合水质指数增大,污染逐渐加重,主要污染指标为COD和NH_3-N。     

龙岗河干流综合治理工程的社会与经济可持续性评价研究

基于逻辑框架研究方法,对龙岗河干流综合治理工程的经济与社会可持续性进行了合乎逻辑的评价,运用层次分析法和成功度的评价方法,得出了该工程成功度等级为1.909 25级的结论,其成功度介于非常成功与成功之间。因此,项目持续性较好,具有较强的可持续发展潜力。其二期工程的有效推进,能够更好地实现经济的绿色转型、社会的和谐发展、人民生活质量的提升,并能够实现生态环境与宜居社会的和谐一体。     

南水北调中线供水调度特性浅析

南水北调中线是一项跨流域、跨省市的特大型调水工程，中线供水调度是一个极其复杂的问题，涉及技术运用、准市场运作和管理体制等因素。结合对中线供水特点和目前国内外典型调水工程的分析，提出了中线供水调度的原则应该遵循在实现供水效益最大化的同时，兼顾区域和谐原则、国家利益和个体利益相结合的原则和公益性与经营性的统一．并据此提出了供水调度研究思路和设想。     

四平市地下水系统特征分析

文章分析了四平市地下水的赋存条件、地下水类型及其富水性分布特征,并以流域单元、含水层确质和含水层类型为依据,将四平市地下水系统分为5个亚系统10个子系统,并分析了各亚系统的地下水循环含水屡及水化学特征.     

德泽水库混凝土面板堆石坝趾板混凝土裂缝处理

德泽水库大坝为混凝土面板堆石坝,大坝的趾板建在弱风化岩基上,趾板采用C30W12F200混凝土,趾板在浇筑完成后经检查共发现有62条裂缝,总长度达169.64 m。为了对裂缝进行有效地处理,详细分析了产生裂缝的原因,并针对不同类型的裂缝采取不同的处理措施,如Ⅰ类裂缝用化学粘补材料进行修补,Ⅱ类裂缝采取先环氧砂浆钻孔灌浆、再粘补表面的方法修补。所有裂缝经处理后,均达到防渗设计要求。