一株苯酚降解菌的分离及降解特性

利用以苯酚为唯一碳源和能源的无机盐溶液作为驯化液,对某废水处理厂活性污泥进行驯化培养,从中分离筛选到1株苯酚降解菌,编号为BW-1.该菌株最高可耐受2000mg/L的苯酚.对该苯酚降解菌降解性能研究表明:该菌具有较强的苯酚降解能力,在35℃、pH值为6.0～7.5、装液量为60mL、接种量20%,摇床振荡速度120r/min的条件下,反应6h后可使400mg/L的苯酚降解率达80%以上;葡萄糖对菌体的生长及苯酚降解能力均有一定的影响;当葡萄糖浓度是600mg/L时,该菌对苯酚的降解率仍在60%以上.该研究对处理含有其它碳源的含酚废水具有一定的意义.     

苯酚高效降解菌固定化小球的制备及其降解条件研究

对采自某印刷厂的污泥进行驯化、富集、筛选,得到一株以苯酚为唯一碳源生长的高效苯酚降解菌,并以海藻酸钠为载体对该苯酚高效降解菌进行固定化包埋,并通过正交试验确定了制备固定化小球的最佳条件,研究表明,固定化的该高效苯酚降解菌在对苯酚的降解率与对苯酚的耐受程度均高于游离细胞,经30 h,1 200 mg/L的苯酚可以完全降解,固定化降解苯酚的最适温度范围30~35℃,最适pH范围为7~9,最适摇床转数为120~150 r/m in。     

苯酚降解菌MW-1的分离及其降解特性研究

用以苯酚为唯一碳源和能源的无机盐驯化液对沈阳某煤气厂土壤进行驯化培养,从中分离筛选到1株苯酚降解菌,编号为MW-1。该菌株最高可耐受1600 mg/L苯酚,其降解性能研究表明:该菌具有较强的苯酚降解能力,在30°C,pH 5.5~7.5,装液量为60 mL,接种量20%,摇床振荡速度120 r/min的条件下,振荡培养6 h后可使400 mg/L的苯酚降解率达80%以上。虽然葡萄糖对该菌体的生长及降解苯酚均有一定的抑制作用,但有葡萄糖(600 mg/L)存在的情况下,该菌对苯酚的降解率仍接近60%。这对处理含有其它碳源的含酚废水具有一定的意义。     

降解氟苯生产废水中苯酚的菌株分离、鉴定及降解特性的研究

从氟苯生产废水流经的下水道污泥中筛选到一株高效苯酚降解菌株FH-12,以苯酚为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基培养该菌株,能在48h内将1200mg/L的苯酚完全降解,经形态学观察、生理生化研究和16SrDNA菌株鉴定,初步断定其为产碱菌属。通气、温度30℃、pH8.0最有利于该菌降解苯酚,高浓度的氟化钠和苯胺的存在对该菌降解苯酚几乎无影响,添加适量无机盐菌株FH-12在40h内能将氟苯生产废水中含量约为1000mg/L的苯酚完全降解。     

一株苯酚降解菌的选育及其降解苯酚性能研究

以苯酚为唯一碳源,采用逐量分批驯化的方法从活性污泥中筛选分离得到一株高效苯酚降解菌JFJ-2,经鉴定为Diaphorobacter属。JFJ-2菌最高可耐受1800mg·mL^-1的苯酚浓度,其最佳降酚条件为：温度30～40℃,pH值7.0～10.0,含盐量低于1.5%,苯酚浓度1000mg·mL^-1。     

焦化厂含酚废水中高效苯酚降解菌的筛选

本实验选取包钢焦化厂的活性污泥作为菌源,以苯酚为降解的底物,通过逐渐增加苯酚的浓度对菌种进行驯化,然后筛选出高效降解苯酚的菌种。经过生理生化测定及外观鉴定,所得菌种为假单胞菌和不定杆菌。通过对比试验,测出pH,碳源,氮源,温度,通气等条件对菌种的生长及菌种对苯酚的降解能力都有一定程度的影响。实验所得的菌种对苯酚的生物降解以及对工业污水的处理及环境的保护起着一定的作用。     

苯酚降解菌的固定化及其降解特性的研究

以海藻酸钠为载体,对苯酚降解菌进行细胞固定化,并对其降解特性进行了研究。通过单因素实验确定较佳的固定化条件为:海藻酸钠质量浓度3.0%、CaCl2质量浓度4.0%、湿菌体量0.4 g/10 mL海藻酸钠溶液;固定化细胞降解苯酚的最适条件为:温度30℃、pH值7.0、NaCl质量浓度低于2.5%,该菌株固定化细胞的降解苯酚能力和耐受苯酚能力均大于游离细胞,800 mg.L-1苯酚降解48 h,降解率可达99%以上。     

苯酚高效降解复合菌的构建及应用研究

苯酚是一种常见的高毒性、难降解有机污染物,微生物法降酚的研究已比较成熟.然而,单一菌株的环境抗逆性普遍较低,在酚类污染处理中的应用常受限,而通过复合微生物间的协同作用,可显著提高微生物对酚类物质的可利用性.从石化污水厂好氧活性污泥中,以苯酚为唯一碳源,通过梯度驯化分离出4株苯酚降解菌,经16S rDNA鉴定分别为不动杆菌F1(Acinetobacter sp.)、粪产碱杆菌F2(Alcaligenesfaecalis)、蜡样芽孢杆菌F6(Bacillus cereu)、食酸菌F30(Acidovorax sp.).对4株菌通过正交试验,得到高效降酚复合菌的配比为F1:F2:F6:F30=2:4:1:4,其降解苯酚最适宜条件为,温度25～35℃,pH 7～8,振荡速度125 r·min-1以上,在适宜条件下24 h内可完全降解初始质量浓度1200 mg·L-1以下的苯酚,并且可耐受初始质量浓度1800 mg·L-1以上的苯酚.以石化污水处理厂污水为基础,进行复合菌的应用实验,结果显示复合菌剂的加入不仅加强了系统降解挥发酚的能力,同时对其他降解指标也有一定的优势.     

诺卡氏菌株C-14-1对苯酚降解特性的研究

从腈纶废水处理构筑物中分离筛选到1株高效降解烷烃和丁二腈的菌株C-14-1,经驯化发现其对苯酚也有很好的降解能力。通过紫外吸收测定菌液生长值以及安替比林比色法测定苯酚浓度,考察了不同底物浓度、pH、通气量对苯酚降解的影响以及苯酚降解的动力学分析。结果表明,该菌生长的迟滞期随苯酚浓度的增大而延长,但比同类报道的苯酚降解菌要短;600mg·L^-1苯酚浓度的完全降解时间在20h之内,该菌株降解苯酚基本发生在对数期,对苯酚降解适宜条件为温度35℃、pH7～8,该菌为好氧菌,通气有利于苯酚的降解。在最适条件下其降解苯酚的动力学特征符合Andrews模型。     

高效苯酚降解菌群的选育及降解特性研究

通过富集驯化获得具有高效降解苯酚能力的苯酚降解菌群PDBC-1,对菌群降解苯酚的性能及影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,红球菌属细菌是该菌群中的优势菌种。在初始苯酚质量浓度低于1 200mg/L时,菌群能够在72 h内完全降解苯酚,但在更高苯酚浓度下,苯酚对菌群生长造成明显抑制,苯酚降解能力显著下降。该菌群降解苯酚的适宜盐度为0~5%,温度为25~40℃,pH为7.0~8.0。     

Synergy effect on a suspended mixture of ceria and activated carbon for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol

Ceria, prepared by a precipitation method, was used as a new photocatalyst under UV light irradiation. The as-prepared sample was characterized by XRD and SEM. Results showed that the ceria was cubic fluorite structure and sized in nanometer range. The photocatalytic degradation of phenol was investigated in the presence of a suspended mixture of ceria and activated carbon. A synergy effect was observed with an enhancement of the apparent rate constant by a factor of 5.6 times. The apparent quantum yield of the ceria-AC system was also increased 2.9 times. The activated carbon with strong adsorption activity provided sites for the adsorption of phenol. Then, the adsorbed phenol would migrate continuously to the surface of ceria particles. Some phenol still remained adsorbing on the catalyst when no traces of phenol were detected in the solution. This adsorbed phenol could be degraded by maintaining UV-irradiation.     

活性炭吸附法脱除废水中的苯酚及吸附剂再生的研究

对活性炭对废水中苯酚的吸附平衡以及活性炭的再生进行了试验性研究和理论性探讨。结果发现,温度对活性炭的吸附能力有显著的影响,低温地吸附有利,吸附平衡可用Ｌａｒｇｍｕｉｒ方程描述;ＰＨ值对活性炭对苯酚捐附也有较强的影响,酸性的水溶液对吸附有利,强碱性水溶液对再生有利。分别采用乙醇、丙酮、ＮａＯＨ溶液、ＮａＯＨ溶液＋乙醇的混合液对吸附剂活性炭进行再生,再生率均能达到８５％以上,基本满足工业要求。     

苯酚在活性炭上的吸附与脱附研究

本文研究了苯酚水溶液在活性碳上的吸附平衡关系,溶液ｐＨ值对活性炭吸附性能的影响,苯酚在固定床上的吸附动力学和脱附动力学。同时采用间歇法和固定床连续法研究吸附苯酚后的活性炭碱再生工艺过程,多次再生对活性炭再生效率的影响,探讨了碱法再生活性炭的初步规律。     

活性炭对苯酚废水的处理

在静态条件下,研究了活性炭对苯酚废水的处理．比较了不同条件下活性炭对苯酚废水的处理效果,确定了处理废水的振荡时间、活性炭用量、废水pH值、温度、废水中苯酚浓度对处理结果的影响。实验结果表明,活性炭在振荡时间3．5h、用量4．0g、温度30℃、pH值为3．6左右的条件下,对100 mL质量浓度为50mg/L的苯酚废水的吸附效果最好。进行了活性炭处理不同浓度废水的比较实验,结果表明,活性炭处理各种浓度苯酚废水的去除率都很高,适用于对出水要求较高的水处理工艺。     

Simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification at high initial phenol concentration by isolated bacterium Diaphorobacter sp. PD-7

A strain capable of phenol degradation, heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification was isolated from activated sludge of coking-plant wastewater ponds under aerobic condition. Based on its morphology, physiology, biochemical analysis and phylogenetic characteristics, the isolate was identified as Diaphorobacter sp. PD-7. Biodegradation tests of phenol showed that the maximum phenol degradation occurred at the late phase of exponential growth stages, with 1400 mg·L-1 phenol completely degraded within 85 h. Diaphorobacter sp. PD-7 accumulated a vast quantity of phenol hydroxylase in this physiological phase, ensuring that the cel s quickly utilize phenol as a sole carbon and energy source. The kinetic behavior of Diaphorobacter sp. PD-7 in batch cultures was investigated over a wide range of initial phenol concentrations (0–1400 mg·L-1) by using the Haldane model, which adequately describes the dynamic behavior of phenol biodegradation by strain Diaphorobacter sp. PD-7. At initial phenol concentration of 1400 mg·L-1, batch experiments (0.25 L flask) of nitrogen removal under aerobic condition gave almost entirely removal of 120.69 mg·L-1 ammonium nitrogen within 75 h, while nitrate nitrogen removal reached 91%within 65 h. Moreover, hydroxylamine oxidase, periplasmic nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase were successful y expressed in the isolate.     

Wet air oxidation of phenol using active carbon as catalyst

Catalytic wet air oxidation is a promising alternative for the treatment of phenolic waste water which cannot be treated in conventional sewage plants. Catalytic wet air oxidation of an aqueous phenol solution was conducted in a fixed bed reactor operating in trickle flow regime. Either active carbon or a commercial copper oxide supported over γ-alumina was used as catalyst. The performance of both materials was compared in terms of phenol conversion in 240 h tests. The results showed that the active carbon, without any active metal supported, gives the highest phenol conversion. The supported copper catalyst undergoes a rapid deactivation due to the dissolution of the metal active species in the acidic medium in which the reaction takes place. On the other hand, the active carbon maintains a higher activity throughout the test, although a decrease of the phenol conversion was also observed due to both the loss of active carbon by combustion and the reduction of its surface area. The phenol oxidation was proved to occur through a first order mechanism with respect to phenol. After the ten-day run, the catalytic activity of the active carbon was found to be about eight times higher than that of the commercial catalyst, also showing high selectivity to the production of carbon dioxide.     

活性炭填充床脱除水中苯酚及填充床的再生

实验研究了活性炭填充床脱除水中苯酚的吸附性能,探讨其饱和吸附填充床的再生方法,结果表明当平衡浓度范围为0－0．8kg/m^3时,活性炭对水中苯酚的吸附能力达230kg/kg（吸附剂）,吸附等温线符合Langmuir型,填充床的穿透曲线和穿透时间强烈依赖于实验条件,较高的进料浓度,较大的进料速度,以及较短的床层长度都将使填充床穿透较快;用热的NaOH稀溶液可再生被苯酚饱和的活性炭纤维填充床,再生效率达90％以上。     

喜旱莲子草基活性炭制备及其对苯酚吸附性能的研究

利用喜旱莲子草制备活性炭,选择了活化剂、活化剂浓度、碳化时间、碳化温度等作为实验的四个因素,每个因素选取三个水平,采用正交实验法,得出了最佳制备条件:以2 mol/L的H3PO4作为活化剂,碳化温度400℃,碳化时间1 h。比较了不同时间、不同活性炭用量、不同温度下,喜旱莲子草基活性炭对苯酚的吸附效果。此外,动态吸附实验表明:提高活性炭用量(即增加填料高度),降低进水苯酚浓度以及减小进水流量均能相应延长喜旱莲子草基活性炭去除苯酚到达穿透点的时间,从而增加最大吸附容量。