WR19（40~60 GHz）矩形波导微量热计设计

介绍了一种基于热敏电阻功率座的对称双线结构的WR19（40~60 GHz）矩形波导微量热计的设计和修正因子计算方法。该微量热计将作为中国计量科学研究院40~60 GHz微波功率基准,它能够测量比原微量热计频段更宽的传递标准的有效效率,同时给出了测量修正因子的方法。     

WR-42功率基准系统有效效率不确定度评定

WR-42功率基准是一套微量热计系统,利用直流替代及量热技术对被测热敏电阻型功率座的有效效率进行定标。对WR-42功率基准系统中有效效率不确定度评定的过程进行了介绍,并给出了有效效率的测量结果与不确定度的评定结果。该基准的研制成功,填补了18～26.5GHz频段的空白,结合其它功率基准,使我国射频与微波功率计量基准频段从10MHz连续覆盖到了220GHz。     

无线电功率计量技术发展及其国际关键比对

无线电功率是无线电计量体系中的基本参数，在无线电计量、测量领域具有非常重要的地位和作用。本文介绍了我国及国外无线电功率计量技术水平、现状，给出了功率基准基本工作原理及国内外新技术发展趋势。并对我国参加国际计量局（ BIPM）组织的毫米波WR-22（33GHz-50GHz）国际关键比对情况进行了简述，给出部分比对结果。     

WR-22微波功率基准工作原理及其不确定度

微波功率基准利用直流替代及量热技术对被测热敏电阻型功率座的有效效率进行定标。本文对研制的WR-22（33GHzto50GHz）功率基准的工作原理进行了分析，给出了基准装置不确定度评定结果。     

O.01～18(GHz)宽带同轴小功率传递标准的研究

本文介绍了0.01GHz～18GHz宽带同轴小功率传递标准及其控制软件.该功率传递标准达到了国外进口同类传递标准的先进技术水平,既可用作我院同轴小功率传递标准,亦可用于装备省(市)计量部门或国防科工委、各部委的一、二级电子计量站(所),满足国内外商品同轴小功率微小功率量值传递需求,可用于校准(1.5～4)%的各种商品小功率座.     

001～18(GHz)宽带同轴小功率传递标准的研究

本文介绍了 0 0 1GHz～ 18GHz宽带同轴小功率传递标准及其控制软件。该功率传递标准达到了国外进口同类传递标准的先进技术水平 ,既可用作我院同轴小功率传递标准 ,亦可用于装备省 (市 )计量部门或国防科工委、各部委的一、二级电子计量站 (所 ) ,满足国内外商品同轴小功率微小功率量值传递需求 ,可用于校准 (1 5～ 4 ) %的各种商品小功率座。     

0．0l～18（GHz）宽带同轴小功率传递标准的研究

本文介绍了0．01GHz～18GHz宽带同轴小功率传递标准及其控制软件。该功率传递标准达到了国外进口同类传递标准的先进技术水平，既可用作我院同轴小功率传递标准，亦可用于装备省(市)计量部门或国防科工委、各部委的一、二级电子计量站(所)，满足国内外商品同轴小功率微小功率量值传递需求，可用于校准(1．5～4)％的各种商品小功率座。     

(0.1～30)W激光功率国家基准

中国计量科学研究院（0．1－30）W激光功率基准装置由绝对型基准辐射计、稳功率激光源、量值传递装置和电测系统组成。用于量值复现的基准辐射计是首次采用相似性理论设计，具有对称性结构，可在非真空和室温条件下达到很高的准确度。1986年经原国家计量局批准为国家基准。基准的主要技术指标测量范围：（0．1－30）W光谱范围：O．3－16μm不确定度：0．4％（k=1）利用该基准的研究成果，已为全国50个省、市、县及重要科研单访和国防部门津市了激光功率计量标准装置；为国防应用部门研制了一批测量上限达到50kw和200kJ的强激光参数测量系…     

WR-28功率基准系统中等效源反射系数校准研究

在WR-28功率基准系统中,等效源反射系数是确定量热计有效效率、分析不确定度与进行基准功率量值传递的重要参数,其只与接入量热计的定向耦合器有关,而与信号源无关。介绍了传统三端口测试法、直接校准法和最新提出的Shimaoka K法3种三端口器件等效源反射系数的测试方法。在频段26.5~40 GHz,运用Shimaoka K法对三端口器件（定向耦合器）进行等效源反射系数测量,并与其他两种方法实验结果比较,验证了Shimaoka K法的可行性与准确性,同时通过实验比较,由于Shimaoka K法具有的综合优势,使其成为WR-28功率基准中等效源反射系数的最佳测试方法,并以Shimaoka K法为例,对等效源反射系数不确定度进行了评定。     

中国三台标准测力机的比对(英文)

本文概述了我国1MN测力基准及被比对的标准测力机,介绍了力值比对所用的传递标准器、电测量装置和测量程序。比对结果表明,成都计量测试研究院1MN基准与中国计量科学研究院杠杆式标准测力机的相对偏差不超过1×10~(-4),测量的不确定度为5×10~(-5);与长城计量研究所300kN静重式标准测力机的相对偏差不超过3×10~(-5),测量的不确定度为3×10~(-5)。     

A Millimeter Wave Complex Reflection Coeficient Scanner

A broadband microwave measurement system has been designed to make complex reflection coefficient measurements on a swept basis at millineter wave frequencies. This instrument covers a frequency range of 50-75 GHz in WR-15 rectangular waveguide. Two appliques are being added in WR-22 and WR-10 waveguide to extend the frequency range of the system to 33-110 GHz. Measurements can be made while sweeping over bands as wide as 10 GHz. An interesting feature of the complex reflection coefficient scanner is that residuals, or baseline, of the system are automatically subtracted. The resultant output display is a real-time polar plot of the actual reflection coefficient of the network under test. Residuals of 0.03 for reflection coefficients around unity, and 0.013 for reflection coefficients around zero can be measured with a resolution of 0.01 while sweeping over a 5 GHz band. A maximum reflection coefficient range of 46 dB has been achieved using straightforward video detection techniques. For measurements of networks with very low reflection coefficients (0.01 and lower) a time averaging feature is available to reduce the effects of random noise. The complex reflection coefficient of the unknown can be displayed on an oscilioscope and photographed, or read out on an X-Y plotter.     

A method to determine the calorimetric equivalence correction for acoaxial microwave microcalorimeter

A way is presented to obtain the microcalorimeter correction factor by direct measurement rather than by an indirect estimate or modeling. The microcalorimeter is used to measure the effective efficiency of a reference standard thermistor mount. The correction factor accounts for the different thermal paths and losses in the microcalorimeter reference standard combination. The uncertainty in the measurement depends primarily on an accurate determination of the correction factor. This has been an especially difficult problem in the coaxial case because of the center conductor. The method requires the fabrication of components that duplicate the thermal and RF loss in the microcalorimeter and reference standard. Using the technique with the new National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) type N coaxial microcalorimeter has substantially reduced the systematic uncertainty. The total uncertainty is about one-half the uncertainty of the prior NIST standard at frequencies above 1 GHz     

Checking millimeter-band power converters in a microcalorimeter

A method of checking a broadband self-compensation power converter for the 118–180 GHz frequency band in an isothermal microcalorimeter with a cooling thermoelectric element is considered. The results of a comparison of the check in a microcalorimeter with that of the State Standard of the unit of power are presented. It is concluded that it is possible to reduce the uneliminated systematic error of highly accurate methods of measuring power.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 2, pp. 43–45, February, 1994.     

An Investigation of the Linearity of Standard Thermistor Wattmeters and an Estimate of the Minimum Attainable Errors of Measurements of the Ratio of Microwave Powers

The results of experimental investigations of the nonlinearity of thermistor power converters are presented and the main components of the error in measuring nonlinearity in a differential microcalorimeter are analyzed. The resultant error in determining nonlinearity does not exceed 0.002 dB/10 dB at frequencies up to 18 GHz.     

A new microcalorimeter for measurements in 3.5-mm coaxial line

A new microcalorimeter has been realized for implementing the national power standard up to 26.5 GHz in a 3.5-mm coaxial line at the Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale (IEN) Galileo Ferraris, Turin, Italy. The system is based on a dry thermostatic cell controlled by Peltier elements. The thermal load consists of a twin sensor system that is alternately supplied with high frequency test power and low frequency or direct current (DC) reference power through adiabatic coaxial lines. This microcalorimeter was originally designed for calibrating bolometric mounts. Recently, it has been modified for thermocouple power sensors, which can operate from DC to 26.5 GHz in a 3.5-mm coaxial line.     

Validation of RF power standard in the frequency range of 100 MHz to 18 GHz by an inter laboratory data comparison

Radio frequency (RF) power is one of the most important quantities in RF metrology. An inter laboratory data comparison of RF power for the validation of a coaxial microcalorimeter has been carried out between Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB-Germany) and National Physical Laboratory India (NPLI). A coaxial thermistor mount equipped with type N connector is used for this intercomparison. The results show good agreement in measuring the effective efficiency of the coaxial thermistor mount between the two laboratories within their claimed expanded uncertainty. It confirms the equivalence of national standards for RF power in the frequency range of 100 MHz to 18 GHz.